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10.52010/ijom.2022.48.1.4
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International Journal of Orofacial Myology and Myofunctional Therapy is published by MDPI from Volume 51 Issue 1 (2025). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with the previous journal publisher.
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Article

Virtual Baby: 3D Model of the Anatomy and Physiology of Sucking and Swallowing in Infants as an Educational Tool

by
Flávia Rebelo Puccini
1,
Marina Gatti
2,*,
Antônio de Castro Rodrigues
3,
Silmara Rondon-Melo
4,
Chao Lung Wen
5,
Roberta Lopes de Castro Martinelli
2 and
Giédre Berretin-Felix
2
1
Department of Speech Therapy, Pontifical Catholic University, Campinas, Brazil
2
Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
3
Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
4
Department of Speech Therapy, University Center of the United Metropolitan Colleges, São Paulo, Brazil
5
Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 2022, 48(1), 1-11; https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.2022.48.1.4 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 20 January 2022 / Revised: 20 February 2022 / Accepted: 24 June 2022 / Published: 15 July 2022

Abstract

Objective: This project aimed to develop and update a dynamic three-dimensional (3D) graphic video learning object demonstrating a current knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of sucking and swallowing in newborns during breastfeeding. Method: To build and update the 3D computer graphics iconographies of the “Virtual Baby”, we defined objectives for the learning object, created a literature review-based script, and organized a guide for structural (static) and functional (dynamic) graphical modeling for the designer. Results: Using 3D computer graphics, we produced a video with static images (anatomical structural) and dynamic sequences (most significant physiological and functional aspects and application of transparency to visualize the anatomical correlations between both). The video showed the anatomy and physiology of sucking and swallowing during breastfeeding. Its updates reflected additional scientific evidence as studies were published. Conclusion: Creation of the Virtual Baby provides a learning tool for visualizing the anatomy and physiology of sucking and swallowing in full-term newborns. The tool addresses the significant morphofunctional aspects of the breastfeeding process, supported by scientific literature, and can be used for student or professional training and in primary health care.
Keywords: breastfeeding; computerized model; swallowing; anatomy; physiology; infant breastfeeding; computerized model; swallowing; anatomy; physiology; infant

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Puccini, F.R.; Gatti, M.; Rodrigues, A.d.C.; Rondon-Melo, S.; Wen, C.L.; Martinelli, R.L.d.C.; Berretin-Felix, G. Virtual Baby: 3D Model of the Anatomy and Physiology of Sucking and Swallowing in Infants as an Educational Tool. Int. J. Orofac. Myol. Myofunct. Ther. 2022, 48, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.2022.48.1.4

AMA Style

Puccini FR, Gatti M, Rodrigues AdC, Rondon-Melo S, Wen CL, Martinelli RLdC, Berretin-Felix G. Virtual Baby: 3D Model of the Anatomy and Physiology of Sucking and Swallowing in Infants as an Educational Tool. International Journal of Orofacial Myology and Myofunctional Therapy. 2022; 48(1):1-11. https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.2022.48.1.4

Chicago/Turabian Style

Puccini, Flávia Rebelo, Marina Gatti, Antônio de Castro Rodrigues, Silmara Rondon-Melo, Chao Lung Wen, Roberta Lopes de Castro Martinelli, and Giédre Berretin-Felix. 2022. "Virtual Baby: 3D Model of the Anatomy and Physiology of Sucking and Swallowing in Infants as an Educational Tool" International Journal of Orofacial Myology and Myofunctional Therapy 48, no. 1: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.2022.48.1.4

APA Style

Puccini, F. R., Gatti, M., Rodrigues, A. d. C., Rondon-Melo, S., Wen, C. L., Martinelli, R. L. d. C., & Berretin-Felix, G. (2022). Virtual Baby: 3D Model of the Anatomy and Physiology of Sucking and Swallowing in Infants as an Educational Tool. International Journal of Orofacial Myology and Myofunctional Therapy, 48(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.52010/ijom.2022.48.1.4

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