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Agriculture
Special Issues
Crop Improvement through Conventional and Molecular Approaches
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Crop Improvement through Conventional and Molecular Approaches

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Crop Genetics, Genomics and Breeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2023) | Viewed by 4788

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Gyan Prakash Mishra

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Guest Editor
Pulse Lab, Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Interests: molecular breeding; pulse breeding; transgenics; marker assisted selection; genomics; transcriptomics
Prof. Dr. Harsh Kumar Dikshit

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pulse Lab, Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
Interests: conventional breeding; molecular breeding; lentil breeding; Mungbean breeding; marker assisted selection; genomics; transcriptomics
Prof. Dr. Sanjeev Gupta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Assistant Director General (Oilseed & Pulses), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi 110001, India
Interests: conventional breeding; molecular breeding; pulse breeding; marker assisted selection; genomics; transcriptomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Modern agriculture across the world aims to feed the ever-growing population by deploying both conventional and molecular approaches for crop improvement. Thus, it is essential to understand the ongoing developments in various aspects of crop improvement, such as trait genetics, mapping, biotic and abiotic stress management, or crop quality improvement, using either conventional breeding methods or with the latest genomic tools. Germplasm identification for various traits of economic interest and searching for novel food sources by amalgamating the conventional and modern breeding tools are essential for the food and nutritional security of the global population.

This Special Issue on ‘Crop Improvement Through Conventional and Molecular Approaches’ aims to focus on areas such as the use of classical breeding methods, molecular mapping of genes/QTLs, RNA-Seq, genomics, gene-editing technology, metabolomics, speed breeding, and transgenics development for various economic traits including biotic and abiotic stresses and quality traits. It aims to cover interdisciplinary studies embracing agriculture with disciplines of biology, botany, genetics and plant breeding, biochemistry, plant genetic resources, and biotechnology. Research articles will cover a broad range of crops including field, commercial, and horticultural crops. All types of articles, including original research, opinions, and reviews, are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Gyan Prakash Mishra
Prof. Dr. Harsh Kumar Dikshit
Prof. Dr. Sanjeev Gupta
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agriculture is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biotic and abiotic stresses
  • conventional breeding
  • gene/QTL mapping
  • genomics
  • molecular markers
  • GWAS
  • RNA-Seq
  • next-generation sequencing
  • nutritional traits
  • transcriptomics

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1002 KiB  
Article
Resistance of Sorghum Genotypes to Ergot (Claviceps Species)
by Dejene Kebede, Isaac Onziga Dramadri, Patrick Rubaihayo, Thomas Odong and Richard Edema
Agriculture 2023, 13(5), 1100; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13051100 - 21 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2032
Abstract
Ergot is an important disease affecting sorghum when susceptible cultivars are grown and environmental conditions are favorable. Resistance breeding to ergot is, therefore, of paramount importance to provide effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly management options. This study was conducted to assess the response [...] Read more.
Ergot is an important disease affecting sorghum when susceptible cultivars are grown and environmental conditions are favorable. Resistance breeding to ergot is, therefore, of paramount importance to provide effective, sustainable, and environmentally friendly management options. This study was conducted to assess the response of a global collection of sorghum genotypes to ergot. A total of 358 sorghum accessions were evaluated under field conditions. Data collection was conducted based on ergot incidence, severity, and agronomic traits, and the results revealed highly significant differences among genotypes (p < 0.01) for all traits evaluated. A mean disease incidence range of 23.8% to 69.4% was observed across test environments. Of the screened genotypes, 23, 52, and 2 genotypes showed resistant reactions during 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. Disease incidence and severity showed a moderate correlation with days to 50% flowering and pollen quantity, indicating their importance in ergot infection. Resistant genotypes E313, E111, E225, E200, E351, E352, E353, and E354 were identified from this study. These genotypes could be exploited as a resistance source in breeding for resistance to ergot. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crop Improvement through Conventional and Molecular Approaches)
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12 pages, 265 KiB  
Article
Heterosis Studies for Root-Yield-Attributing Characters and Total Alkaloid Content over Different Environments in Withania somnifera L.
by Iqbal Ahmed, Rajendra Babu Dubey, Devendra Jain, Mohamed A. El-Sheikh and Prashant Kaushik
Agriculture 2023, 13(5), 1025; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13051025 - 8 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2199 | Correction
Abstract
Ashwagandha is an important, medicinal, less exploited crop and most of its cultivated varieties are local cultivars. Information related to ashwagandha’s genetic diversity is very limited. Hybrid vigor exploitation may be useful in breaking its yield barrier at a commercial scale. A total [...] Read more.
Ashwagandha is an important, medicinal, less exploited crop and most of its cultivated varieties are local cultivars. Information related to ashwagandha’s genetic diversity is very limited. Hybrid vigor exploitation may be useful in breaking its yield barrier at a commercial scale. A total of 45 F1 crosses were produced during Kharif 2017-18 by using a line x tester matting design, which included three testers along with 15 lines. A total of 65 genotypes were grown in an RBD design, with three replications in three different environments during Kharif 2018-19, and observations were recorded for 11 different yield-attributing traits that were responsible for the estimation of the magnitude of the heterosis. An analysis of variance showed that a valuable amount of diversity existed in the breeding material. Based on the study, three promising crosses viz., UWS-305 × UWS-10, UWS-305 × RVA-100, and UWS-301 × RVA-100 were identified as superior heterotic materials for the root yield at harvest, whereas for the total alkaloid content, three excellent hybrids viz., UWS-309 × RVA-100, UWS-305 × RVA-100, and UWS-314 × RVA-100 were reported. Out of the above crosses, the cross-combination of UWS-305 × RVA-100 showed a significantly positive and useful heterosis on a pooled basis. Hence, the above crosses may be gainfully utilized in breeding programs for ashwagandha. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crop Improvement through Conventional and Molecular Approaches)
14 pages, 3140 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Growth Conditions, Antioxidant Potential, and Sensory Attributes of Six Diverse Microgreens Species
by Ajeet Singh Dhaka, Harsh Kumar Dikshit, Gyan P. Mishra, Mechiya Tomuilim Tontang, Nand Lal Meena, Ranjeet Ranjan Kumar, S. V. Ramesh, Sneh Narwal, Muraleedhar Aski, Vinutha Thimmegowda, Sanjeev Gupta, Ramakrishnan M. Nair and Shelly Praveen
Agriculture 2023, 13(3), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13030676 - 14 Mar 2023
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 5769
Abstract
Microgreens belong to a class of functional foods with valuable nutritional elements and diverse health benefits when consumed as food supplements. Its consumption has increased sharply due to the abundance of different health-promoting components than their mature plants. The present study investigated the [...] Read more.
Microgreens belong to a class of functional foods with valuable nutritional elements and diverse health benefits when consumed as food supplements. Its consumption has increased sharply due to the abundance of different health-promoting components than their mature plants. The present study investigated the growth conditions and nutritional profiles of six crops (mungbean, lentil, red radish, pearl-millet, mustard, and red cabbage) as microgreens grown under the light with a 16 h light/8 h dark cycle. Firstly, the optimum temperature and the day of harvesting of each of the microgreens for their maximum yield were standardized. The optimum temperature ranged from 24 to 28 °C, and the best stage for their harvesting ranged from the 6th to 13th day for all six microgreens species. Physiological parameters such as height, yield, color, moisture content, seed weight to fresh weight (FW) ratio, and FW to dry weight (DW) were also estimated. All the microgreens were analyzed for the total phenolics content, total anthocyanin content, vitamin C, free radical scavenging activity, dietary fiber, and phytic acid contents at the harvesting stage. Total phenolics, total anthocyanin, and vitamin C contents ranged from 55 to 1240 mg/100 g, 25 to 186 mg/100 g, and 22 to 86 mg/100 g, respectively, in the studied microgreens. Red cabbage and pearl-millet microgreens accumulated higher phenolics than other studied microgreens, while total anthocyanin content was higher in red radish and pearl-millet microgreens. Vitamin C content was recorded as highest in red cabbage microgreens. DPPH-based free radical scavenging activity ranged from 62–84% and was highest in red cabbage microgreens. All the microgreens were also analyzed for their dietary fiber (DF) content which ranged from 2.5–12.5% and was recorded as maximum in pearl millet microgreens. The findings of this study offer helpful information on the growth circumstances necessary to produce microgreens with the greatest nutrient and health benefits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crop Improvement through Conventional and Molecular Approaches)
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