Automation and Digitalization in Orchard Machinery

A special issue of AgriEngineering (ISSN 2624-7402).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 5984

Special Issue Editors

Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
Interests: smart/digital agriculture; artificial intelligence in agriculture; crop prediction models; UAV/UGV swarm
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, Biglerville, PA 17037, USA
Interests: sensing and automation; robotics and mechanization; Internet of things; deep learning; computer vision
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Tree fruit production is an essential component of the agricultural sector worldwide. Unlike field crops, complex orchard environments and unique planting patterns bring unpredictable challenges to almost every aspect of the production process. The entire industry is becoming vulnerable because it has always relied greatly on the huge amount of seasonal influx of skilled agricultural workers. This has already caused noticeable financial losses to growers due to agricultural labor shortage and increased costs. With the rapid growth of industrial manufacturing, smart/affordable sensors, computing power, and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled algorithms exploring automated and digitalized orchard machinery seems to be an alternative and promising solution. Although several types of orchard machines have already been commercialized, such as mechanical hedging/pruning machines in apple orchards and green shoot thinning machines in vineyards, human involvement is still needed throughout the operations, which could be error-prone because the precision/accuracy level greatly depends on individuals’ experiences and estimations.

To address the emerging issues during the orchard production pipeline (including planting, training, thinning, pollinating, spraying, irrigating, disease monitoring, pest control, harvesting, post-harvesting, and transporting), this Special Issue aims to bring a collection of outstanding articles with the main focus on (but not limited to) the following research areas: field robotics for tree fruit crops (e.g., path planning and obstacle avoidance systems), automated machine prototypes for orchard productions, advanced in-field sensing technologies, deep learning-enabled machine vision (e.g., 3D canopy reconstruction, object detection, and semantic/instance segmentation), precision canopy management, precision crop load management; mechatronics in unmanned ground/aerial vehicles (UGVs/UAVs), self-guided platforms, automated orchard mapping systems, advanced control systems, innovations in end-effector/actuation design, and canopy–machinery interactions.

Original research articles and reviews are welcome in this Special Issue. We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Xin Zhang
Prof. Dr. Long He
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Field robotics for tree fruit crops
  • Automated machine prototypes
  • Advanced sensing technologies
  • Deep-learning-enabled machine vision
  • Precision canopy and/or crop load management
  • Mechatronics in unmanned ground/aerial vehicles (UGVs/UAVs)
  • Self-guided platforms
  • Automated orchard mapping systems
  • Advanced control systems
  • Canopy–machinery interactions

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 6653 KiB  
Article
Development of a Visual Servo System for Robotic Fruit Harvesting
by Duke M. Bulanon, Colton Burr, Marina DeVlieg, Trevor Braddock and Brice Allen
AgriEngineering 2021, 3(4), 840-852; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriengineering3040053 - 28 Oct 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4671
Abstract
One of the challenges in the future of food production, amidst increasing population and decreasing resources, is developing a sustainable food production system. It is anticipated that robotics will play a significant role in maintaining the food production system, specifically in labor-intensive operations. [...] Read more.
One of the challenges in the future of food production, amidst increasing population and decreasing resources, is developing a sustainable food production system. It is anticipated that robotics will play a significant role in maintaining the food production system, specifically in labor-intensive operations. Therefore, the main goal of this project is to develop a robotic fruit harvesting system, initially focused on the harvesting of apples. The robotic harvesting system is composed of a six-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) robotic manipulator, a two-fingered gripper, a color camera, a depth sensor, and a personal computer. This paper details the development and performance of a visual servo system that can be used for fruit harvesting. Initial test evaluations were conducted in an indoor laboratory using plastic fruit and artificial trees. Subsequently, the system was tested outdoors in a commercial fruit orchard. Evaluation parameters included fruit detection performance, response time of the visual servo, and physical time to harvest a fruit. Results of the evaluation showed that the developed visual servo system has the potential to guide the robot for fruit harvesting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Automation and Digitalization in Orchard Machinery)
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