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Agronomy
Special Issues
Integrated Pest Management and Biological Control in Commercial Orchards
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Integrated Pest Management and Biological Control in Commercial Orchards

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Pest and Disease Management".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 12719

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Marco Scortichini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics-Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via di Fioranello, 52, I-00134 Roma, Italy
Interests: detection; host–plant interaction; taxonomy; field control strategies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, integrated pest management and biological control have greatly contributed to a considerable reduction in agrochemical use in agriculture. In addition, nowadays, in many woody crops, it is possible to obtain a level of control of pests and pathogens that satisfies both large-scale distribution and local markets. However, increasing awareness of the safeguards of the environment demands continuous improvement of basic and applied knowledge of both disciplines. The severe reduction of copper utilization to protect trees from various pathogens is just one example that stimulates novel approaches to research and application. This Special Issue aims to bring together the latest achievements on integrated pest management and biological control of fruit, olive, and citrus crops, with regard to their relative pests and pathogens, including emerging or re-emerging threats. Review articles focusing on the more recent advances in field control of key pests and pathogens, particularly those that utilize integrated pest management or biological control strategies, are encouraged. Papers on perspectives of solutions of old and new problems are also welcome.

Dr. Marco Scortichini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Agronomy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • integrated crop protection approaches
  • modeling and risk assessment of diseases
  • biocontrol agents
  • plant diseases of bacterial origin
  • plant diseases of fungal origin
  • biocontrol of insects
  • post-harvest biocontrol
  • classical and novel biocontrol approaches
  • woody agro-ecosystems
  • copper reduction

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2048 KiB  
Article
Comparing the Life Table and Population Projection of Gaeolaelaps aculeifer and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Acari: Laelapidae) Based on the Age-Stage, Two-Sex Life Table Theory
by Jihye Park, Md Munir Mostafiz, Hwal-Su Hwang, Duck-Oung Jung and Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
Agronomy 2021, 11(6), 1062; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061062 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3391
Abstract
Predatory soil-dwelling mites, Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini) and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley) (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae), are essential biocontrol agents of small soil arthropod pests. To understand the population characteristics of these two predatory mites, we investigated their development, survival, and fecundity under laboratory conditions. We used [...] Read more.
Predatory soil-dwelling mites, Gaeolaelaps aculeifer (Canestrini) and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley) (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae), are essential biocontrol agents of small soil arthropod pests. To understand the population characteristics of these two predatory mites, we investigated their development, survival, and fecundity under laboratory conditions. We used Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) as a food source and analyzed the data using the age-stage, two-sex life table. The duration from egg to adult for G. aculeifer was longer than that for S. scimitus, but larval duration was similar between the two species. Notably, G. aculeifer laid 74.88 eggs/female in 24.50 days, but S. scimitus laid 28.46 eggs/female in 19.1 days. Several population parameters, such as the intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, net reproductive rate, and gross reproductive rate of G. aculeifer, were significantly higher than those of S. scimitus. Using the bootstrap technique with 100,000 samples, we demonstrated that the life tables constructed based on the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of finite rate of increase (λ) net reproductive rate (R0) may characterize the variability in the survival and fecundity curves, as well as predict population growth uncertainty. These data provide important information for the practical application of predatory soil mites to manage agricultural pests. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Pest Management and Biological Control in Commercial Orchards)
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14 pages, 2061 KiB  
Article
Synthesis of Dacus Pheromone, 1,7-Dioxaspiro[5.5]Undecane and Its Encapsulation in PLLA Microspheres for Their Potential Use as Controlled Release Devices
by Stavroula A. Zisopoulou, Christina K. Chatzinikolaou, John K. Gallos, Anna Ofrydopoulou, Dimitra A. Lambropoulou, Eleni Psochia, Dimitrios N. Bikiaris and Stavroula G. Nanaki
Agronomy 2020, 10(7), 1053; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10071053 - 21 Jul 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4262
Abstract
Olive fruit fly Dacus oleae is a well-known pest infecting the bark of olive fruit, leading to reduction of extracted olive oil properties. Among chemicals proposed for Dacus oleae population control, pheromone 1,7-dioxaspiro(5.5)undecane (DSU), Dacus pheromone, is considered as a promising agent, which [...] Read more.
Olive fruit fly Dacus oleae is a well-known pest infecting the bark of olive fruit, leading to reduction of extracted olive oil properties. Among chemicals proposed for Dacus oleae population control, pheromone 1,7-dioxaspiro(5.5)undecane (DSU), Dacus pheromone, is considered as a promising agent, which is added in several traps. However, all proposed systems manage to sufficiently deliver DSU for only two weeks. Furthermore, an additional problem is the limited available amount of pheromone to use in such systems. To overcome this, in the present study, a novel synthetic procedure of DSU is described, including only five steps. Intermediate products were studied by High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy Electrospray Ionization (HRMS-ESI) (m/z), while the resulting DSU was further characterized by 1H and 13C-NMR. Synthesized DSU was further encapsulated in poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) microparticles in three different concentrations; 5, 10 and 20% w/w. Its successful incorporation was studied by FT-IR, XRD and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) while two procedures, liquid extraction and solid phase microextraction, followed by GC-MS analysis, was used for quantification of pheromone to microparticles. It was found that microparticles loading was over 85% for all three formulations. Its release showed a prolonged profile for microparticles containing 20% w/w DSU, lasting four weeks, while the quantity of DSU released reached 100%. These microparticles could be appropriate to control Dacus oleae population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Pest Management and Biological Control in Commercial Orchards)
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Other

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15 pages, 10043 KiB  
Perspective
Predisposing Factors for “Olive Quick Decline Syndrome” in Salento (Apulia, Italy)
by Marco Scortichini
Agronomy 2020, 10(9), 1445; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10091445 - 22 Sep 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4347
Abstract
Recently, a new severe disease has been reported in the Salento area (Apulia region, southern Italy) in the multimillennial olive agro-ecosystem, given the common name “olive quick decline syndrome” (OQDS). Together with Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, some pathogenic fungi such as Phaeoacremonium [...] Read more.
Recently, a new severe disease has been reported in the Salento area (Apulia region, southern Italy) in the multimillennial olive agro-ecosystem, given the common name “olive quick decline syndrome” (OQDS). Together with Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca, some pathogenic fungi such as Phaeoacremonium spp. have been found associated with the disease. The main predisposing factors to the disease seem to be local cultivar susceptibility, depletion of some micronutrients in the soil that could be related to some agronomical practices favoring the depletion of soil fertility, an incorrect pruning cycle, climatic changes that result in increased soil waterlogging, and frost and drought events. The possible synergistic action of microorganisms other than X. f. subsp. pauca cannot be excluded. The features characterizing the areas where OQDS first appeared and subsequently spread, described and discussed here, would point to a rather fragile environment where one or more adverse climatic and/or edaphic factors could have acted together. The intrinsic peculiarities and management of the Salento olive agro-ecosystem could also have played a fundamental role in enhancing the virulence of X. f. subsp. pauca once introduced from abroad. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Integrated Pest Management and Biological Control in Commercial Orchards)
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