Antibiotic Resistance in Hospital-Acquired Infections

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiotic Therapy in Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 January 2025 | Viewed by 997

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Public Health and Management, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Interests: epidemiology of multidrug-resistant pathogens; infection prevention and control; healthcare-associated infections surveillance; public heath; vaccines

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Parasitology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Interests: epidemiology of multidrug-resistant pathogens; infection prevention and control; healthcare-associated infections surveillance; public heath; vaccines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Parasitology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
Interests: antibiotic resistance mechanisms; resistance surveillance; molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant pathogens; antimicrobial stewardship and infection control

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) represent an important problem in public health, with more than 3.5 million cases of HAI estimated to occur in the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) each year, leading to more than 90 000 deaths.

Moreover, a problem of great concern is the selection of multidrug-resistant, extensively-drug resistant and pan-drug resistant pathogens, with major consequences on the therapeutic options, leading to a sharp increase in the number of attributable deaths.

Over 70% of the health impact of antibiotic-resistant infections is directly linked to healthcare-associated infections. This could be minimized through the judicious use of antibiotics, adequate infection prevention and control measures and active surveillance, leading to a reduction in the circulation and spread of multidrug-resistant pathogens.

For the purpose of increasing the knowledge of the health burden of infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria and identifying the best possible measures to fight this crucial public health issue, this Special Issue of Antibiotics is seeking research articles and literature reviews focused on epidemiology, clinical characteristics, prevention and infection control strategies of healthcare-associated infections, the impact of hospital-acquired infections with multidrug-resistant bacteria on patient outcomes and trends and patterns of antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens during and after the COVID-19 era.

Dr. Andreea-Loredana Golli
Dr. Ovidiu Zlatian
Dr. Alice Elena Ghenea
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • healthcare-associated infections
  • multi-drug resistance
  • epidemiology
  • antimicrobial therapy
  • patient outcomes
  • infection prevention and control strategies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1330 KiB  
Article
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Pathogens Isolated from Pediatric Patients during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic
by Andreea-Loredana Golli, Simona Georgiana Popa, Monica Laura Cara, George-Alin Stoica, Dragos Fortofoiu and Maria Stoica
Antibiotics 2024, 13(10), 966; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13100966 - 13 Oct 2024
Viewed by 820
Abstract
Background/Objectives: The present study aims to highlight the possible significant changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the resistance of pathogens involved in cases of pediatric infections. Methods: This study included children hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Surgery and [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The present study aims to highlight the possible significant changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the resistance of pathogens involved in cases of pediatric infections. Methods: This study included children hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Surgery and Pediatrics from a tertiary teaching hospital, during and after the COVID-19 period (2020–2023). Results: The research included 845 samples collected during 2020–2023, from 685 pediatric patients. A total of 937 bacterial isolates were obtained, of which 509 isolates (54.32%) were Gram-negative bacteria. Around 30% of all the pathogens were multidrug-resistant (MDR), with a statistically significant increase post-pandemic, in the case of the MDR Escherichia coli strains (p < 0.05). A very high percentage of MDR Acinetobacter spp. isolates was found, with an important, but not statistically significant, increase in the post-pandemic period. The highest percentage of the MDR Gram-positive pathogens was registered in the case of S. aureus strains (31.80%). Over 20% of the Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) strains isolated between 2020 and 2023 were MDR, with an important increase in the post-COVID-19 period. The proportion of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens significantly decreased in the post-COVID-19 period compared with the COVID-19 period (p < 0.05), especially in the case of the Klebsiella spp. strains. Conclusions: Our findings revealed the increase in the post-COVID-19 period of the prevalence of MDR strains of Acinetobacter spp., CoNS, and Escherichia coli isolated in pediatric patient samples and a significant decline in the trend of the carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, which may be due to the testing rate and to the specific pathology of the pediatric patients hospitalized in the two periods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotic Resistance in Hospital-Acquired Infections)
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