Phage and Antibiotic Synergy

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Bacteriophages".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2022) | Viewed by 11349

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, 2006 Sydney, Australia
Interests: inhaled phage therapeutics; phage therapy; phage formulation; respiratory infections

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With the global misuse of antibiotics, the rapid emergence of multidrug-resistant (and even pandrug-resistant) bacteria is occurring worldwide. More bacterial infections are becoming difficult to treat, and are often associated with high morbidity, mortality and financial burden. Bacteriophages (or phages) are natural predators of bacteria that have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Over the past decade, phage therapy has been reconsidered as an alternative and/or adjunct to antibiotic therapy in Western countries. More recently, phage and antibiotic synergy has attracted attention due to marked improvement in efficacy and a reduced risk of developing phage- and antibiotic-resistant isolates. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have been conducted to better understand the synergy and underlying mechanisms, as well as to demonstrate efficacy against planktonic cells and biofilms.

Phage and antibiotic synergy—from basic science to in vivo studies—is a rapidly evolving field and this Special Issue of Antibiotics seeks to bring together manuscripts to enhance our understanding of phage and antibiotic synergy. We are gathering contributions in the form of original research articles, short communications, and critical narrative or systematic reviews covering all aspects of phage and antibiotic synergy, including, but not limited to, systemic identification of synergistic pair of phage and antibiotic, formulation of the pair, the mechanisms underlying synergy, and in vitro and in vivo efficacy and safety studies.

Dr. Rachel Yoon Chang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Bacteriophage (phage)
  • Phage therapy
  • Phage and antibiotic synergy (PAS)
  • Antimicrobial resistance

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

18 pages, 1932 KiB  
Review
MDR Pumps as Crossroads of Resistance: Antibiotics and Bacteriophages
by Pavel A. Nazarov
Antibiotics 2022, 11(6), 734; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11060734 - 30 May 2022
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4332
Abstract
At present, antibiotic resistance represents a global problem in modern medicine. In the near future, humanity may face a situation where medicine will be powerless against resistant bacteria and a post-antibiotic era will come. The development of new antibiotics is either very expensive [...] Read more.
At present, antibiotic resistance represents a global problem in modern medicine. In the near future, humanity may face a situation where medicine will be powerless against resistant bacteria and a post-antibiotic era will come. The development of new antibiotics is either very expensive or ineffective due to rapidly developing bacterial resistance. The need to develop alternative approaches to the treatment of bacterial infections, such as phage therapy, is beyond doubt. The cornerstone of bacterial defense against antibiotics are multidrug resistance (MDR) pumps, which are involved in antibiotic resistance, toxin export, biofilm, and persister cell formation. MDR pumps are the primary non-specific defense of bacteria against antibiotics, while drug target modification, drug inactivation, target switching, and target sequestration are the second, specific line of their defense. All bacteria have MDR pumps, and bacteriophages have evolved along with them and use the bacteria’s need for MDR pumps to bind and penetrate into bacterial cells. The study and understanding of the mechanisms of the pumps and their contribution to the overall resistance and to the sensitivity to bacteriophages will allow us to either seriously delay the onset of the post-antibiotic era or even prevent it altogether due to phage-antibiotic synergy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phage and Antibiotic Synergy)
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22 pages, 1535 KiB  
Review
Phage–Antibiotic Therapy as a Promising Strategy to Combat Multidrug-Resistant Infections and to Enhance Antimicrobial Efficiency
by Chengxi Liu, Qixuan Hong, Rachel Yoon Kyung Chang, Philip Chi Lip Kwok and Hak-Kim Chan
Antibiotics 2022, 11(5), 570; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050570 - 25 Apr 2022
Cited by 37 | Viewed by 5599
Abstract
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have highlighted the importance of the development of new antimicrobial agents. While bacteriophages (phages) are widely studied as alternative agents to antibiotics, combined treatments using phages and antibiotics have exhibited Phage–Antibiotic Synergy (PAS), in which antibiotics promote [...] Read more.
Infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria have highlighted the importance of the development of new antimicrobial agents. While bacteriophages (phages) are widely studied as alternative agents to antibiotics, combined treatments using phages and antibiotics have exhibited Phage–Antibiotic Synergy (PAS), in which antibiotics promote phage replication and extraordinary antimicrobial efficacy with reduced development of bacterial resistance. This review paper on the current progress of phage–antibiotic therapy includes aspects of the mechanisms of PAS and the therapeutic performance of PAS in combating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. The choice of phages and antibiotics, the administration time and sequence, and the concentrations of the two agents impact the bacterial inhibitory effects to different extents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Phage and Antibiotic Synergy)
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