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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Non-antimicrobial Agents as Adjuvants against Bacterial Infections
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Non-antimicrobial Agents as Adjuvants against Bacterial Infections

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "The Global Need for Effective Antibiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 12816

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria Eugenia Pachón-Ibáñez

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Guest Editor
Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío)/University of Seville/CSIC, Seville, Spain
Interests: antimicrobial therapeutic alternatives; animalmodels of infection;multiresistant Gram-negative bacilli
Dr. Clara Ballesté-Delpierre

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Guest Editor
ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: discovery of novel antibacterial agents, including peptides
Prof. Dr. Maria Tomas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Research Biomedical Institute (INIBIC), A Coruña Hospital (CHUAC), A Coruña, Spain
Interests: multi-drug resistant rathogens (MDR); Infectious treatment; antibiotics; antitumoral
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The slow development of new antibiotics together with the rapid development of resistance sometimes makes it difficult to resolve bacterial infections. Therefore, there is an urgent necessity to find new treatment alternatives for bacterial infections. In this context, non-antimicrobial approaches (immunotherapy, phage therapy, inhibitors of bacterial virulence factors, etc.) as adjuvants to antimicrobial agents have been proven as treatment alternatives against these kinds of infections. This Special Issue seeks manuscript submissions on all aspects of non-antimicrobial approaches as adjuvants to antimicrobials. All manuscripts that increase scientific knowledge about the use of non-antimicrobial approaches as adjuvants to antimicrobials, either experimental or pre-clinical, including in vitro studies, experimentation on animal models, and combinations used in routine clinical practice, are welcome.

Dr. Maria Pachón-Ibáñez
Dr. Clara Ballesté-Delpierre
Prof. Dr. Maria Tomas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial resistance
  • Gram-negative bacteria
  • Antibiotics
  • Antibacterial agents
  • Non-antibacterial agents
  • Animal models of infection

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2529 KiB  
Article
Activity of Imipenem, Meropenem, Cefepime, and Sulbactam in Combination with the β-Lactamase Inhibitor LN-1-255 against Acinetobacter spp.
by Cristina Lasarte-Monterrubio, Juan C. Vázquez-Ucha, Maria Maneiro, Jorge Arca-Suárez, Isaac Alonso, Paula Guijarro-Sánchez, John D. Buynak, Germán Bou, Concepción González-Bello and Alejandro Beceiro
Antibiotics 2021, 10(2), 210; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020210 - 20 Feb 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4096
Abstract
Treatment of infections caused by Acinetobacter spp., particularly A. baumannii, is a major clinical problem due to its high rates of antibiotic resistance. New strategies must be developed; therefore, restoration of β-lactam efficacy through the use of β-lactamase inhibitors is paramount. Activities [...] Read more.
Treatment of infections caused by Acinetobacter spp., particularly A. baumannii, is a major clinical problem due to its high rates of antibiotic resistance. New strategies must be developed; therefore, restoration of β-lactam efficacy through the use of β-lactamase inhibitors is paramount. Activities of the antibiotics imipenem, meropenem, cefepime, and sulbactam in combination with the penicillin-sulfone inhibitor LN-1-255 were tested by microdilution against 148 isolates of Acinetobacter spp. collected in 14 hospitals in Spain in 2020. Relevantly, the MIC90 (i.e., minimum concentration at which 90% of isolates were inhibited) of antibiotics in combination with LN-1-255 decreased 4- to 8-fold for all of the Acinetobacter isolates. Considering only the carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii isolates, which produce carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D β-lactamases, the addition of LN-1-255 decreased the resistance rates from 95.1% to 0% for imipenem, from 100% to 9.8% for meropenem, from 70.7% to 7.3% for cefepime, and sulbactam resistance rates from 9.8% to 0% and intermediate susceptibility rates from 53.7% to 2.4%. The inhibitor also decreased the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) when tested against non-carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. isolates. In conclusion, combining LN-1-255 with imipenem, meropenem, cefepime, and sulbactam to target A. baumannii, and especially carbapenem-resistant isolates, represents an attractive option that should be developed for the treatment of infections caused by this pathogen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-antimicrobial Agents as Adjuvants against Bacterial Infections)
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8 pages, 264 KiB  
Article
Efficacy of Lysophosphatidylcholine as Direct Treatment in Combination with Colistin against Acinetobacter baumannii in Murine Severe Infections Models
by Andrea Miró-Canturri, Rafael Ayerbe-Algaba, Manuel Enrique Jiménez-Mejías, Jerónimo Pachón and Younes Smani
Antibiotics 2021, 10(2), 194; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10020194 - 17 Feb 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2210
Abstract
The stimulation of the immune response to prevent the progression of an infection may be an adjuvant to antimicrobial treatment. Here, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) treatment in combination with colistin in murine experimental models of severe infections by [...] Read more.
The stimulation of the immune response to prevent the progression of an infection may be an adjuvant to antimicrobial treatment. Here, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) treatment in combination with colistin in murine experimental models of severe infections by Acinetobacter baumannii. We used the A. baumannii Ab9 strain, susceptible to colistin and most of the antibiotics used in clinical settings, and the A. baumannii Ab186 strain, susceptible to colistin but presenting a multidrug-resistant (MDR) pattern. The therapeutic efficacies of one and two LPC doses (25 mg/kg/d) and colistin (20 mg/kg/8 h), alone or in combination, were assessed against Ab9 and Ab186 in murine peritoneal sepsis and pneumonia models. One and two LPC doses combined with colistin and colistin monotherapy enhanced Ab9 and Ab186 clearance from spleen, lungs and blood and reduced mice mortality compared with those of the non-treated mice group in both experimental models. Moreover, one and two LPC doses reduced the bacterial concentration in tissues and blood in both models and increased mice survival in the peritoneal sepsis model for both strains compared with those of the colistin monotherapy group. LPC used as an adjuvant of colistin treatment may be helpful to reduce the severity and the resolution of the MDR A. baumannii infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-antimicrobial Agents as Adjuvants against Bacterial Infections)

Review

Jump to: Research

23 pages, 1866 KiB  
Review
CRISPR-Cas, a Revolution in the Treatment and Study of ESKAPE Infections: Pre-Clinical Studies
by Manuel González de Aledo, Mónica González-Bardanca, Lucía Blasco, Olga Pacios, Inés Bleriot, Laura Fernández-García, Melisa Fernández-Quejo, María López, Germán Bou and María Tomás
Antibiotics 2021, 10(7), 756; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10070756 - 22 Jun 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5208
Abstract
One of the biggest threats we face globally is the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria, which runs in parallel with the lack in the development of new antimicrobials. Among these AMR bacteria pathogens belonging to the ESKAPE group can be highlighted (Enterococcus [...] Read more.
One of the biggest threats we face globally is the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria, which runs in parallel with the lack in the development of new antimicrobials. Among these AMR bacteria pathogens belonging to the ESKAPE group can be highlighted (Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp.) due to their profile of drug resistance and virulence. Therefore, innovative lines of treatment must be developed for these bacteria. In this review, we summarize the different strategies for the treatment and study of molecular mechanisms of AMR in the ESKAPE pathogens based on the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated (Cas) proteins’ technologies: loss of plasmid or cellular viability, random mutation or gene deletion as well directed mutations that lead to a gene’s loss of function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-antimicrobial Agents as Adjuvants against Bacterial Infections)
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