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Orthodontic Treatment in Oral Health

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 February 2025 | Viewed by 3020

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Orthodontics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: orthodontics; dentistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Jaw Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medical Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-028 Lublin, Poland
Interests: dental; orthopaedics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The mainstream of modern dentistry in the pursuit of oral health primarily involves interdisciplinary treatment, requiring the close cooperation of both specialists and general dentists.

Currently, orthodontics is not only a field focusing on the interceptive treatment of small children or the elimination of malocclusion in the period of growth and older age, but a large branch is also the preparation of adult patients for implant–prosthetic treatment, or it can be part of the comprehensive treatment of periodontal patients. A comprehensively cared for patient should, after consultation with a general practice doctor, have a treatment plan developed by a team including detailed diagnostics and correct diagnosis of the patient's leading problem, should have elements of hygiene instruction and professional hygienization introduced, should undergo basic conservative treatment and, if necessary, should receive endodontic and periodontal treatment—both non-surgical and surgical—before starting orthodontic treatment. 

When administering new fillings, the general practice dentist should pay attention to the potential need to adjust them occlusally after the end of orthodontic treatment.

Orthodontic treatment can also be a preparatory stage for implant prosthetic treatment. Restoration of space for reconstruction, orthodontic bone regeneration or orthodontic extrusion of broken roots is often an indispensable element of effective implanto-prosthetic treatment.

Taking into account the health of the oral cavity in orthodontic treatment, one should be mindful of the health of the mucous membrane, which is often mechanically damaged during treatment with fixed appliances, becomes superinfected, and incurs bacterial flora changes to the detriment of periopathogens and cariogenic bacteria. The devices may also stimulate autoimmune diseases, potentially producing galvanic currents, or may cause allergic reactions in patients sensitive to nickel. It is also worth considering orthodontic treatment in patients with active diseases of the mucous membranes—can they be treated, and what methods are available today?

In conclusion, this Special Issue is intended to provide the latest knowledge for specialists and general dentists on:

  • interdisciplinary treatment, including orthodontic treatment as part of comprehensive treatment;
  • orthodontic treatment in patients with general diseases and their manifestations in the oral cavity;
  • the impact of orthodontic treatment on oral health in every scale - from micro- to macroscopic;
  • in vitro, microbiological, cell pathology tests as well as case reports showing the impact of orthodontic treatment on oral health or, on the contrary, descriptions of failures that help avoid similar mistakes in recipients.

Dr. Monika Elżbieta Machoy
Dr. Agnieszka Lasota
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1837 KiB  
Article
Interdisciplinary Approaches by Polish Orthodontists, Periodontists, and Oral Surgeons to Soft Tissue Augmentation in Adult Patients: A Survey Study
by Edyta Kalina, Monika Machoy and Bartłomiej Górski
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(21), 9647; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14219647 - 22 Oct 2024
Viewed by 522
Abstract
This study evaluates the preferences of dentists regarding the interdisciplinary treatment of patients with gingival recession (GR) and a thin periodontal phenotype, based on their specialization. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Polish dentists, between May and October 2022, using an online survey. [...] Read more.
This study evaluates the preferences of dentists regarding the interdisciplinary treatment of patients with gingival recession (GR) and a thin periodontal phenotype, based on their specialization. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Polish dentists, between May and October 2022, using an online survey. The dentists were first asked to provide details regarding their specialization and the length of their professional career. In the second part of the survey, they responded to questions about the preferred timing of a consultation and soft tissue augmentation in patients who planned to undertake orthodontic treatment (OT). Moreover, factors undermining the decision-making process regarding soft tissue augmentation and the methods used for the evaluation of periodontal tissues were assessed. In total, 554 dentists completed the survey, among whom 328 were orthodontists and 226 were periodontists/oral surgeons. A third of the surveyed periodontists/oral surgeons (33%) reported that they receive referrals from orthodontists prior to OT and 39% of orthodontists indicated that they refer patients for soft tissue augmentation before commencing OT. The majority of periodontists/oral surgeons (51%) and the most significant proportion of orthodontists (45%) agreed that the ideal timing of soft tissue augmentation is dependent on each specific case. Both groups of surveyed dentists considered “planned tooth movement” as the most important factor in clinical decision-making. Among the periodontists/oral surgeons, the most popular methods to assess periodontal tissues were: 3D radiological examination, the visual method, and gingival transparency with the use of a periodontal probe. On the other hand, the surveyed orthodontists preferred the visual method, followed by 2D radiological examination, and then by 3D radiological examination. The majority of surveyed periodontists/oral surgeons and orthodontists agreed that the ideal timing of soft tissue augmentation in patients undertaking orthodontic treatment should be decided on a case-by-case basis, with planned tooth movement being the determining factor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontic Treatment in Oral Health)
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13 pages, 1605 KiB  
Article
Jaw Morphology and Factors Associated with Upper Impacted Canines: Case-Controlled Trial
by Aljaz Golez, Chris Vrcon and Maja Ovsenik
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(17), 7700; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177700 - 31 Aug 2024
Viewed by 760
Abstract
Introduction and aim: Orthodontic treatment of impacted maxillary canines is challenging and expensive. This study investigated factors associated with impaction risk and the need for surgical exposure. Methods: Seventy-five participants of similar age, skeletal maturity, and gender (32 impacted canines, 43 controls) [...] Read more.
Introduction and aim: Orthodontic treatment of impacted maxillary canines is challenging and expensive. This study investigated factors associated with impaction risk and the need for surgical exposure. Methods: Seventy-five participants of similar age, skeletal maturity, and gender (32 impacted canines, 43 controls) were included in the case-controlled trial. Three-dimensional study models were created (Trios 3, 3Shape), and panoramic radiographs were taken. The 3D digital models were measured using software to obtain morphological characteristics of the maxilla, such as maxillary surface area (mm2) and volume (mm3). Results: The impacted canine group displayed a significantly higher prevalence of deep bite (OR = 5.01), hypoplastic lateral incisors (OR = 5.47), and rotated adjacent teeth (OR = 3.56) compared to the control group. The impacted canine group exhibited a smaller maxillary surface area and volume. Within the impacted canine group, factors associated with a greater need for surgical exposure included the presence of a persistent deciduous canine (OR = 10.15), a palatal canine position (OR = 7.50), and a steeper canine angulation (p < 0.001). Conclusions: These findings suggest that several signs can serve as potential predictors of increased risk for maxillary canine impaction and the need for surgical intervention. Identifying these factors can aid in early diagnosis and treatment planning for improved patient outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontic Treatment in Oral Health)
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8 pages, 375 KiB  
Article
The Application of Intraoral Scanners in Orthodontic Care for Adolescents with Disabilities
by Piotr Skomro, Danuta Lietz-Kijak, Adam Andrzej Garstka, Lidia Szczucka and Helena Gronwald
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(8), 3344; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14083344 - 16 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1197
Abstract
Access to dental services for young disabled patients is challenging and expensive, often necessitating treatment under general anesthesia. Additionally, ensuring accuracy during impression-taking procedures can be very difficult or outright impossible using traditional methods. Newly developed systems for capturing three-dimensional images of the [...] Read more.
Access to dental services for young disabled patients is challenging and expensive, often necessitating treatment under general anesthesia. Additionally, ensuring accuracy during impression-taking procedures can be very difficult or outright impossible using traditional methods. Newly developed systems for capturing three-dimensional images of the oral cavity can facilitate the treatment of patients with disabilities. The research aimed to assess the timing of intraoral scanning using a scanner in orthodontic treatment, comparing disabled patients undergoing clear aligner therapy with their healthy counterparts. Scanning times were compared in two patient groups. Group I comprised patients with a certificate of disability, while Group II (control) consisted of patients without a certificate of disability. Maxillary and mandibular scans, as well as bite registration, were performed with the intraoral scanner. The mean scanning time in study Group I was 8.59 min, while in control Group II, it was 5.71 min. The results demonstrated statistical significance, reaching a significance level of p < 0.001. The scanning of disabled patients proved to be more challenging and time-consuming compared to patients in the control group. Consequently, doctors must consider the need to allocate more time to a disabled person during a visit. Despite the difficulties, disabled patients accepted this method of bite scanning. There was no need to carry out such a procedure under general anesthesia. This confirms that scanning should be the preferred method in orthodontic treatment for disabled patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Orthodontic Treatment in Oral Health)
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