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Applied Biomechanics and Sports Sciences
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Applied Biomechanics and Sports Sciences

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 June 2025 | Viewed by 6897

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Filipe Conceicao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Porto Biomechnics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
Interests: sports medicine; biomechanics
Dr. Ricardo Fernandes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D) and Porto Biomechnics Laboratory (LABIOMEP), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
Interests: sports training; biomechanics and physiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Pedro Jimenez-Reyes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sport Sciences Research Centre, Rey Juan Carlos University, Madrid, Spain
Interests: force-velocity profiling; strength and conditioning; athlete testing and monitoring; sprinting; jumping; fatigue; optimized training
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nowadays, elite athletes and their coaches increasingly seek support from biomechanics for a deeper understanding of performance optimisation, training optimization and minimise injury risk. The ongoing technological advancements are bringing a surge of new monitoring possibilities, through the introduction of new low-cost, compact, lightweight and wireless equipment, enabling real-time monitoring and intervention in either individual or team sports environments.

This Special Issue seeks to advance understanding of biomechanics’ significance in high and elite athletes’ daily routines. We welcome robust experimental, numerical modelling and simulation hardware development, as well as some solid conceptual studies on future research avenues. All original research on classic sports’ biomechanics and its interaction with physiology (e.g., electromiography, motor unit potential and lactate), as well as engineering (e.g., real-time location devices, real-time blood analysis and microneedle arrays) will be considered. Any other manuscripts not enumerated above but that are innovative and relevant to sport biomechanics will also be considered.

Therefore, the aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest developments in applied biomechanics research within sports sciences, with a particular emphasis on elite sports. This includes exploration of exercise performance principles, performance optimization strategies, innovative injury prevention methods and emerging equipment technologies.

Dr. Filipe Conceicao
Dr. Ricardo Fernandes
Dr. Pedro Jimenez-Reyes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomechanics analysis
  • numerical modelling in sport
  • neuromuscular activation
  • muscle skeletal properties
  • joint biomechanics
  • hamstrings strain
  • strength training
  • injury studies
  • motor control
  • EMG, MUAPs
  • spatial location systems
  • miniaturized force transducers
  • inertial sensors
  • bipphysics
  • team or individual sports, sprint mechanics, motorized running systems

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3139 KiB  
Article
Validity of a User-Friendly Spreadsheet Designed for an In-Depth Analysis of Countermovement Bipodal Jumps
by Gabriel Delgado-García, Alejandro Pérez-Castilla, Francisco Javier Rojas-Ruiz, Ismael Navarro-Marchal and Anabel Caballero-Villalta
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(3), 1519; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15031519 - 2 Feb 2025
Viewed by 327
Abstract
Countermovement bipodal jumps (CMJs), are widely used for health and performance assessment, but the software required for such analyses is often costly. The study aim was to examine the validity of an Excel/VBA spreadsheet for comprehensive CMJ kinetic analysis. The outcomes have been [...] Read more.
Countermovement bipodal jumps (CMJs), are widely used for health and performance assessment, but the software required for such analyses is often costly. The study aim was to examine the validity of an Excel/VBA spreadsheet for comprehensive CMJ kinetic analysis. The outcomes have been informed from scientific literature, and the spreadsheet includes modules for data filtering and photogrammetric analysis. To evaluate its validity, 21 participants performed CMJs on a dual force platform system, and the primary outcomes were compared with those derived from prestigious software (MARS 4.0). When jump height was calculated based on take-off speed and flight time the Mean Absolute Errors were 1.79 and 0.69 cm and the minimal detectable changes (MCD) were 1.28 and 0.16 cm. For the propulsive impulse, the error was 5.5 N · s and the MCD was 5.41 N · s. The intraclass correlations were 0.932 (0.902–0.953), 0.984 (0.977–0.989), and 0.940 (0.914–0.959), respectively, demonstrating a strong relationship, and residuals exhibited homoscedasticity. Considering the variability reported in previous studies for intra- and inter-subject comparisons, these errors are minimal, highlighting the spreadsheet’s sensitivity. With its exhaustive analytical capabilities and customizable features, this template serves as a valuable tool for trainers, physiotherapists, and academic teaching settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Biomechanics and Sports Sciences)
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11 pages, 2983 KiB  
Article
Intra-Individual Variation in the Jump Smash for Elite Malaysian Male Badminton Players
by Yuvaraj Ramasamy, Yeap Ming Wei, Harley Towler and Mark King
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(2), 844; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020844 - 16 Jan 2025
Viewed by 549
Abstract
The badminton jump smash is vital for winning rallies, but players can have unintended variations in performance. This study examines the causes of intra-individual smash speed variations among 19 Malaysian male elite players. Twenty-five jump smashes were recorded using a 3D motion capture [...] Read more.
The badminton jump smash is vital for winning rallies, but players can have unintended variations in performance. This study examines the causes of intra-individual smash speed variations among 19 Malaysian male elite players. Twenty-five jump smashes were recorded using a 3D motion capture system, with the three fastest (95.0 ± 3.6 m·s−1) and three slowest (85.8 ± 5.8 m·s−1) smashes per participant categorised into different groups. Six racket/shuttlecock variables and six upper body technique variables during the swing phase and at the point of contact were analysed. Five out of the six racket/shuttlecock variables, including post-impact shuttlecock speed, racket head speed at contact, impact location, distance from the racket’s geometric centre, and swing time, significantly differed between groups. Only the shoulder elevation angle differed significantly from 75% to 95% of the forward swing (p = 0.023), with less elevation during faster smashes. Consistency in producing high shuttlecock speeds during the jump smash for elite players is primarily achieved through variables linked to timing. Players/coaches should focus on being able to initially produce high racket head speeds, at which point ensuring a consistently efficient impact between the stringbed and shuttlecock should be the priority. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Biomechanics and Sports Sciences)
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15 pages, 1817 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Acceleration Capabilities in Professional Women’s Football Players: A Comparative Analysis of Game-Based Versus Resisted Sprint Trainings
by Adrián Castaño-Zambudio, Carmen Repullo and Pedro Jiménez-Reyes
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10327; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210327 - 10 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1036
Abstract
The recognition of high-speed demands in football has led elite academies to prioritize acceleration capabilities for player selection and promotion, particularly given their fundamental role in the motor skills of professional players and their impact on goal-related opportunities. This study explored the effectiveness [...] Read more.
The recognition of high-speed demands in football has led elite academies to prioritize acceleration capabilities for player selection and promotion, particularly given their fundamental role in the motor skills of professional players and their impact on goal-related opportunities. This study explored the effectiveness of game-based versus resisted sprint training methods in enhancing the acceleration abilities of professional women’s football players. Over the entire competitive period, the training load of 26 athletes (24.2 ± 3.7 years) was assessed using GPS devices, and sprint capabilities were evaluated through four 30-m acceleration tests spaced six weeks apart. Linear mixed models (LMMs) analyzed physical load parameters, including distance covered at high speeds, speed events, and maximum speed, with periods and players as fixed and random effects, respectively. Significant sprint performance improvements were observed across all intervals, particularly when high-intensity distance volumes were combined with resisted sprint training. Conversely, high-intensity running without additional stimuli also led to performance gains, albeit to a lesser extent. Both game-based and resisted sprint training methods were effective in enhancing acceleration capabilities, while the absence of specific sprint focus did not significantly alter sprint performance. These findings support the inclusion of tailored sprint training in athletic programs to optimize acceleration in women’s football players. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Biomechanics and Sports Sciences)
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10 pages, 2402 KiB  
Article
Trend Forecasting in Swimming World Records and in the Age of World Record Holders
by Mário J. Costa, Luis Quinta-Nova, Sandra Ferreira, Aldo M. Costa and Catarina C. Santos
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(20), 9492; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14209492 - 17 Oct 2024
Viewed by 2425
Abstract
This study aimed to forecast trends in swimming world records (WRs) and in the age of record holders. A total of 566 individual freestyle WRs (290 for males and 276 for females) were retrieved from open access websites. The frequency of observations in [...] Read more.
This study aimed to forecast trends in swimming world records (WRs) and in the age of record holders. A total of 566 individual freestyle WRs (290 for males and 276 for females) were retrieved from open access websites. The frequency of observations in WRs in each decade and event was computed for males and females. The swimmers’ chronological age was converted into decimal age at the time of breaking the world record. ARIMA forecasting models and exponential smoothing techniques were used to examine historical trends and predict future observations. The WRs improved over time, and there was a nuanced pattern in the age of world record holders. While certain events (50 m and 100 m) showed swimmers achieving records at older ages, others (e.g., 200 m, 400 m, 800 m, and 1500 m) displayed variations. Forecasting shows a continuing improvement in WRs in the upcoming years, with the age of male world record holders stabilizing in shorter events and decreasing in longer distance ones, while for females, general stabilization should be expected for the majority of competitive events. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Biomechanics and Sports Sciences)
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18 pages, 1360 KiB  
Article
Comparative Electromyographic Analysis in Leg Press of Traditional Fitness Equipment, Traditional Outdoor Fitness Equipment, and a New Model of Outdoor Fitness Equipment in Trained Young Men
by Tomás Abelleira-Lamela, Pablo Jorge Marcos-Pardo, José Arturo Abraldes, Noelia González-Gálvez, Alejandro Espeso-García, Francisco Esparza-Ros and Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(16), 7390; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14167390 - 21 Aug 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1478
Abstract
This study compares the electromyographic activity (EMG) of different muscle groups (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius) of the lower limbs when performing a traditional seated leg press (SLP) with a classic piece of outdoor fitness equipment (OFE-SLP), and [...] Read more.
This study compares the electromyographic activity (EMG) of different muscle groups (rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius) of the lower limbs when performing a traditional seated leg press (SLP) with a classic piece of outdoor fitness equipment (OFE-SLP), and with a new OFE leg press that allows the user to adjust the intensity of the exercise by means of a selectorized system (BIOFIT-LP). It was found that the EMG of the OFE-SLP was significantly lower than that of the SLP, but similar activations to those of the SLP were achieved with the BIOFIT-LP. In conclusion, the inclusion of a system to be able to change intensity of the exercise in OFE achieves an EMG activity similar to traditional machinery in trained young men. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Biomechanics and Sports Sciences)
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