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Research and Application of Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 March 2024) | Viewed by 4930

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: cardiac progenitor cells; myocardial infarction; cardiac regeneration; decellularizing methods; extracellular matrix

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: heart failure; myocardial infarction; cardiac function; chronic heart failure; cardiomyopathies; cardiovascular medicine; acute myocardial infarction; cardiac regenerative medicine

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: cardiac tissue engineering; extracellular matrix; biomaterials; three-dimensional cell cultures; stem cells; gene expression profiling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Regenerative medicine is a long-standing field of research focused on the repair or regeneration of damaged tissues or organs. It relies on a combination of approaches, including stem-cell therapy, tissue engineering, and cell reprogramming. Due to their ability to extensively proliferate and differentiate into different cell types, stem cells offer a promising strategy for the progress in regenerative medicine, and a platform to conceive new therapeutic tools through a multidisciplinary integration.

This Special Issue aims to be a common ground collecting and integrating the latest advances in the application of stem cells in regenerative medicine. We are interested in a wide range of papers, including novel cell types under investigation for cell therapy and improvements in existing cell availment. It also aims to acquaint the scientific community with tissue-repair processes and homeostasis, with cutting-edge approaches in research and application of stem-cell-based therapies, and with stem cell's interaction with the target macro- and micro-environment.

Dr. Immacolata Belviso
Dr. Anna Maria Sacco
Dr. Veronica Romano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • stem cells
  • cell therapy
  • tissue regeneration
  • differentiation
  • cell reprogramming
  • iPSCs
  • microenvironment
  • extracellular matrix
  • natural scaffolds
  • tissue engineering

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3272 KiB  
Article
Distinctive Biological Properties between Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids and Clumps of Mesenchymal Stem Cells/Extracellular Matrix Complexes in 3D Culture Systems
by Mai Yoshino, Mikihito Kajiya, Hiroki Yoshii, Shin Morimoto, Susumu Horikoshi, Misako Tari, Tomoyuki Iwata, Kazuhisa Ouhara, Toshinori Ando, Tetsuya Yoshimoto, Tomoaki Shintani and Noriyoshi Mizuno
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(23), 12790; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132312790 - 29 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1642
Abstract
Background: Cells typically function and behave within a three-dimensional (3D) environment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), known for their self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation capabilities, and paracrine effects, have garnered significant medical interest. MSC spheroid culture is widely adopted to study the biological properties of MSCs [...] Read more.
Background: Cells typically function and behave within a three-dimensional (3D) environment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), known for their self-renewal, multi-lineage differentiation capabilities, and paracrine effects, have garnered significant medical interest. MSC spheroid culture is widely adopted to study the biological properties of MSCs in a 3D context. In contrast, we previously developed 3D clumps of MSC/ECM complexes termed C-MSCs. C-MSCs consisted of cells and self-produced ECM proteins, allowing grafting into tissue defects without any artificial scaffolds. This present study aimed to elucidate the fundamental biological distinctions between 3D MSC spheroids and C-MSCs. Methods: MSC spheroids and C-MSCs are generated from human bone-marrow-derived MSCs. The physical properties, histological structures, and gene expression patterns were compared in vitro. Results: Macroscopic and histological examinations revealed that, whereas MSC spheroids are dense cell clusters primarily formed through Cadherin-mediated cell–cell interactions, C-MSCs are cell aggregates anchored by the ECM component COL1, enabling them to form larger structures. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis showed that C-MSCs possess enhanced capacities to produce immunomodulatory and cytoprotective factors, a prominent biological characteristic of MSCs. Conclusion: Recognizing the distinct attributes of each cell aggregate offers insights into the potential evolution of 3D cell culture techniques and possible therapeutic implications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Application of Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine)
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Review

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41 pages, 578 KiB  
Review
The Long and Winding Road to Cardiac Regeneration
by Anna Maria Sacco, Clotilde Castaldo, Franca Di Meglio, Daria Nurzynska, Stefano Palermi, Rocco Spera, Rossana Gnasso, Giorgio Zinno, Veronica Romano and Immacolata Belviso
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(16), 9432; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169432 - 20 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2514
Abstract
Cardiac regeneration is a critical endeavor in the treatment of heart diseases, aimed at repairing and enhancing the structure and function of damaged myocardium. This review offers a comprehensive overview of current advancements and strategies in cardiac regeneration, with a specific focus on [...] Read more.
Cardiac regeneration is a critical endeavor in the treatment of heart diseases, aimed at repairing and enhancing the structure and function of damaged myocardium. This review offers a comprehensive overview of current advancements and strategies in cardiac regeneration, with a specific focus on regenerative medicine and tissue engineering-based approaches. Stem cell-based therapies, which involve the utilization of adult stem cells and pluripotent stem cells hold immense potential for replenishing lost cardiomyocytes and facilitating cardiac tissue repair and regeneration. Tissue engineering also plays a prominent role employing synthetic or natural biomaterials, engineering cardiac patches and grafts with suitable properties, and fabricating upscale bioreactors to create functional constructs for cardiac recovery. These constructs can be transplanted into the heart to provide mechanical support and facilitate tissue healing. Additionally, the production of organoids and chips that accurately replicate the structure and function of the whole organ is an area of extensive research. Despite significant progress, several challenges persist in the field of cardiac regeneration. These include enhancing cell survival and engraftment, achieving proper vascularization, and ensuring the long-term functionality of engineered constructs. Overcoming these obstacles and offering effective therapies to restore cardiac function could improve the quality of life for individuals with heart diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research and Application of Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine)
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