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Etiology, Classification and Management of Endodontic-Periodontal Lesions

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 July 2023) | Viewed by 18622

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

While dental pulp and the periodontium are two distinct tissues, there are many potential routes of interaction between them, such as the apical foramen, dentinal tubules, lateral and accessory canals, anatomical variations, pathological conditions and treatment complications such as root fractures or perforations. Following bacterial colonization, the exposure of endodontic biofilm to the periodontium and vice versa may initiate pathological processes in these tissues.

This Special Issue will present the current research on the etiological factors of endodontic–periodontal lesions, classifications, prognoses and modern approaches to the clinical management of these pathologies using endodontic, periodontal, and restorative procedures, as well as treatment alternatives in cases when extraction is necessary.

Prof. Dr. Igor Tsesis
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • endodontic–periodontal lesions
  • infection
  • bacterial biofilm
  • perforations
  • root fractures
  • resorption
  • diagnosis
  • evidence-based decision-making
  • periodontal disease
  • surgical endodontic treatment
  • dental implants
  • guided tissue regeneration

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2264 KiB  
Article
Maximal Bite Force Measured via Digital Bite Force Transducer in Subjects with or without Dental Implants—A Pilot Study
by Shifra Levartovsky, Gitit Peleg, Shlomo Matalon, Igor Tsesis and Eyal Rosen
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(3), 1544; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12031544 - 31 Jan 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5630
Abstract
The aims of the current study were as following: (1) to evaluate the maximal bite forces in patients with dental implants versus patients without dental implants, as measured by a digital bite force transducer (GM10); (2) to evaluate the influences of sex, age, [...] Read more.
The aims of the current study were as following: (1) to evaluate the maximal bite forces in patients with dental implants versus patients without dental implants, as measured by a digital bite force transducer (GM10); (2) to evaluate the influences of sex, age, and sleep/awake bruxism on the maximal bite forces of the two groups. Forty patients recruited to the study were divided into two groups: test group (“implant”) if they had one or more posterior restored implants and control group (“no-implant”) without the presence of posterior dental implants. A digital bite fork (GM10) was used to measure the bite forces from three posterior occluding pairs in all participants. Differences in the mean values between the test and control groups and between different sexes were evaluated using one-way and two-way ANOVA tests. A cross-tabulation analysis was conducted to identify a trend line between the groups. There was no significant difference in the maximal bite force between the test and control groups (p = 0.422), but the cross-tabulation analysis revealed a clear trend of a stronger representation of the “no-implant” group at higher occlusal forces. A significant difference was detected between the maximal biting forces of male and female subjects (p = 0.030 in the implant group, p = 0.010 in the no-implant group), regardless of the experimental group. The presence of bruxism and clenching did not influence the bite force values (p = 0.953), and a significant difference was not found between the age groups (p = 0.393). Within the limitations of this study, it may be assumed that there was no significant difference between the maximal bite forces between patients with and without dental implants but that there was a trend line implicating a stronger representation of the “no-implant” group at higher forces. In addition, the results revealed a significant sex-related difference in the maximal occlusal force. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted. Full article
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13 pages, 12229 KiB  
Article
Histological Evaluation of Multisonic Technology for Debridement of Vital and Necrotic Pulp Tissues from Human Molar Teeth. An Observational Study
by David E. Jaramillo and Alberto R. Arriola
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(22), 11002; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112211002 - 20 Nov 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3366
Abstract
Background: This study evaluated the efficacy of a multisonic technology for the debridement of vital and necrotic pulp tissues in freshly extracted human mandibular molar teeth. Methods: Twelve teeth with a diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) and twelve teeth with a diagnosis [...] Read more.
Background: This study evaluated the efficacy of a multisonic technology for the debridement of vital and necrotic pulp tissues in freshly extracted human mandibular molar teeth. Methods: Twelve teeth with a diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (SIP) and twelve teeth with a diagnosis of pulp necrosis with symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP) were extracted. The GentleWave® procedure was performed on 10 teeth from each group. Four non-treated teeth served as histologic controls. Histological consecutive 5 µm sections were obtained from the apical, middle, and coronal portion of the canals. The canals were evaluated for the presence of pulpal debris and bacteria. Results: In nine out of the ten specimens with SIP, no pulpal debris was detected in any portion of the canals. In the necrotic pulp group, eight out of the ten specimens had no detectable pulpal debris in any portion of the canal spaces. No bacteria were detected in the main canals, isthmuses, or lateral canals, but were detected deep within the dentinal tubules in 10 specimens. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that the multisonic technology was effective at removing vital and necrotic pulp tissue as well as bacteria from the root canal system, including inaccessible areas. Full article
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7 pages, 453 KiB  
Systematic Review
Pathognomonic Combination of Clinical Signs for Diagnosis of Vertical Root Fracture: Systematic Review of the Literature
by Tomer Goldberger, Eyal Rosen, Nuphar Blau-Venezia, Aviad Tamse and Dan Littner
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(22), 10893; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112210893 - 18 Nov 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2493
Abstract
Introduction: Vertical root fracture (VRF) is a root-canal treatment complication and is a major reason for extraction of the root-canal-treated teeth. The diagnosis of VRF can be complicated because of absence of specific signs, symptoms, and radiographic features. A combination that includes the [...] Read more.
Introduction: Vertical root fracture (VRF) is a root-canal treatment complication and is a major reason for extraction of the root-canal-treated teeth. The diagnosis of VRF can be complicated because of absence of specific signs, symptoms, and radiographic features. A combination that includes the presence of deep pocket and a sinus tract in root-canal-treated tooth was proposed as a pathognomonic for VRF. The purpose of this study was to systematically search and evaluate the literature regarding the correlation between the clinical signs considered pathognomonic for the diagnosis of VRF, with the actual reference standard by means of systematic review of the literature. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was performed to identify studies evaluating the clinical signs considered pathognomonic for the diagnosis of VRF. The following databases were searched: Medline (PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane Central. The identified studies were subjected to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: Initially, 1141 possible relevant articles were identified. After title and abstract screening, 40 articles were subjected to a full-text evaluation, 3 articles met the inclusion criteria and contained data regarding the prevalence of the pathognomonic combination in VRF’s-confirmed teeth. The presence of deep pocket and a sinus tract in endodontically treated teeth was found in 28% of the cases. Conclusion: To date, the current scientific knowledge regarding the correlation between the clinical symptoms considered pathognomonic for VRF diagnosis in the root-canal-treated tooth and the actual reference standard is quite low. Full article
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11 pages, 881 KiB  
Systematic Review
Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Viable Therapy for Endodontic-Periodontal Lesions? A Preliminary Assessment
by Maria Ioana Onicas, Laura Elena Narita, Alexandru Mester, Florin Onisor and Leonardo Mancini
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(15), 7081; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11157081 - 31 Jul 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5900
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The endodontic system and the periodontium are closely interrelated and the infection of both leads to the appearance of endodontic-periodontal lesions. Along with the endodontic and periodontal classic treatment, in most cases, there is a need for regenerative periodontal therapy [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: The endodontic system and the periodontium are closely interrelated and the infection of both leads to the appearance of endodontic-periodontal lesions. Along with the endodontic and periodontal classic treatment, in most cases, there is a need for regenerative periodontal therapy for the repair of the damaged tissue. One material that stimulates bone healing is represented by platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). The aim of this study was to determine if the inclusion of PRF in the treatment protocol of endodontic-periodontal lesions is effective. Materials and Methods: This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Four databases, MEDLINE (through PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, were used in order to find all significant articles on the topic. Relevant keywords were used in different combinations. Results: The inclusion criteria were met by six studies, published between 2014 and 2020 and they were selected for the review. The use of PRF for the regenerative therapy of endodontic-periodontal lesions showed favorable outcomes in all of the studies included, with significant reductions in the probing depths. Conclusion: While platelet-rich fibrin may be beneficial, further research is needed. Full article
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