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Novel Laser-Based Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2024) | Viewed by 4812

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Lasers Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
Interests: laser physics and technology; laser systems; laser spectroscopy; spectroscopy of droplets, optofluidics, and droplet laser; physics of droplets under microgravity conditions; chaotic behaviors of laser emission; physics of droplets

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Lasers Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Magurele-Ilfov, Romania
Interests: interdisciplinary field of laser physics; optical spectroscopy; colloids and interfaces; microfluidics; fluid dynamics; optofluidic devices

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laser-based spectroscopic techniques represent a paradigm shift in analytical methodologies, offering unprecedented precision and sensitivity in the study of matter. 

The interaction between lasers and matter, whether through fluorescence emission (LIF, LIAF), Raman scattering, infrared absorption (FTIR), or other mechanisms (LIBS, CRDS), forms the foundation for extracting valuable information about the composition, structure, and dynamics of materials.

Recent years have witnessed the rise of novel laser-based techniques pushing the boundaries of spectroscopy. Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) and coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (CARS) bring unprecedented capabilities for studying ultrafast dynamics and non-linear processes, respectively. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) introduces a new border, offering insights into materials inaccessible to other spectroscopic methods.

This Special Issue delves not only into the core aspects of these cutting-edge techniques and their diverse applications, but also focused on the advances in precision and versatility of the spectroscopic techniques which have already reached maturity.

Novelty aspects include the miniaturization of equipment, enhanced portability, and broader accessibility. Also, anticipated developments include heightened sensitivity, real-time imaging capabilities, and further integration with emerging technologies like quantum sensing and communication.

Dr. Ionut Relu Andrei
Dr. Mihai Boni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • laser-based spectroscopy
  • analytical methodologies
  • novel laser-based techniques
  • matter spectroscopic analysis
  • cutting-edge spectroscopic techniques
  • new border of spectroscopic techniques, including ultrafast dynamics/non-linear processes/integration with emerging technologies
  • precision and versatility of spectroscopic techniques

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1789 KiB  
Article
Oxidative Modifications of Proteins and Lipids of Dried Semen, Urine, and Saliva Stains as a Function of Age in Forensic Context
by Nihad Achetib, Rosa E. Otto, Maurice C. G. Aalders and Annemieke van Dam
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(15), 6657; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14156657 - 30 Jul 2024
Viewed by 939
Abstract
Knowledge of the time of deposition is pivotal in forensic investigations. Recent studies show that changes in intrinsic fluorescence over time can be used to estimate the age of body fluids. These changes have been attributed to oxidative modifications caused by protein–lipid interactions. [...] Read more.
Knowledge of the time of deposition is pivotal in forensic investigations. Recent studies show that changes in intrinsic fluorescence over time can be used to estimate the age of body fluids. These changes have been attributed to oxidative modifications caused by protein–lipid interactions. This pilot study aims to explore the impact of these modifications on body fluid fluorescence, enhancing the protein–lipid model system for age estimation. Lipid and protein oxidation markers, including protein carbonyls, dityrosine, advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), were studied in aging semen, urine, and saliva over 21 days. Surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and fluorescence spectroscopy were applied. Successful detection of AGE, dityrosine, MDA, and HNE occurred in semen and saliva via SPRi, while only dityrosine was detected in urine. Protein carbonyls were measured in all body fluids, but only in saliva was a significant increase observed over time. Additionally, protein fluorescence loss and fluorescent oxidation product formation were assessed, showing significant decreases in semen and saliva, but not in urine. Although optimization is needed for accurate quantification, this study reveals detectable markers for protein and lipid oxidation in aging body fluids, warranting further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Laser-Based Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications)
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18 pages, 5449 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study to Visualize a Methane Leak of 0.25 mL/min by Direct Absorption Spectroscopy and Mid-Infrared Imaging
by Thomas Strahl, Max Bergau, Eric Maier, Johannes Herbst, Sven Rademacher, Jürgen Wöllenstein and Katrin Schmitt
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(14), 5988; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14145988 - 9 Jul 2024
Viewed by 3405
Abstract
Tunable laser spectroscopy (TLS) with infrared (IR) imaging is a powerful tool for gas leak detection. This study focuses on direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) that utilizes wavelength modulation to extract gas information. A tunable interband cascade laser (ICL) with an optical power of [...] Read more.
Tunable laser spectroscopy (TLS) with infrared (IR) imaging is a powerful tool for gas leak detection. This study focuses on direct absorption spectroscopy (DAS) that utilizes wavelength modulation to extract gas information. A tunable interband cascade laser (ICL) with an optical power of 5 mW is periodically modulated by a sawtooth injection current at 10 Hz across the methane absorption around 3271 nm. A fast and sensitive thermal imaging camera for the mid-infrared range between 3 and 5.7 µm is operated at a frame rate of 470 Hz. Offline processing of image stacks is performed using different algorithms (DAS-F, DAS-f and DAS-2f) based on the Lambert–Beer law and the HITRAN database. These algorithms analyze various features of gas absorption, such as area (F), peak (f) and second derivative (2f) of the absorbance. The methane concentration in ppm*m is determined on a pixel-by-pixel analysis without calibration. Leak localization for methane leak rates as low as 0.25 mL/min is accurately displayed in a single concentration image with pixelwise sensitivities of approximately 1 ppm*m in a laboratory environment. Concentration image sequences represent the spatiotemporal dynamics of a gas plume with high contrast. The DAS-2f concept demonstrates promising characteristics, including accuracy, precision, 1/f noise rejection, simplicity and computational efficiency, expanding the applications of DAS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Laser-Based Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications)
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