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Mechanical Performance of New Concrete Materials

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2021) | Viewed by 9329
Related Special Issue: High-Performance Eco-Efficient Concrete

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Beira Interior, Calçada Fonte do Lameiro, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
Interests: structural analysis and design; numerical modelling and optimization; concrete structures; structural materials; building systems
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Guest Editor
Centre for Mechanical Engineering, Materials and Processes, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3030-788 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: behavior of structural concrete; high strength structures; non metalic reinforcement; noncementitious concretes; composite timber–concrete structures

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Concrete production has been under pressure from public opinion for some decades because of the high level of CO2 emissions associated with it. As a consequence, governmental authorities have been taking some practical measures to make the industry more eco-friendly. For instance, the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change imposed to the cement industry a reduction on CO2 emissions of at least 16 per cent by 2030. This pressure really forces the cement industry to intensify the search for new alternative production technologies and materials.

Changes on cement production are expected. Obviously, non-cementitious materials must be also considered as an alternative route of the entire road map to low emission construction production. Various research works on alternative materials to ordinary Portland concrete (OPC) have been published in the last three decades, but OPC continues to dominate the market at present.

Concerning the new types of concretes, almost all of the published works are focused on the development of the material itself, including the mechanical properties. So far, very few studies have been concerned with the structures themselves.

Therefore, the editors of this Special Issue want to group a number of studies from a material point of view to the structures. Since the main lack of knowledge is in the structural behavior of the structures, new studies on this aspect will be most welcome.

The Special Issued aims to focus on the mechanical performance implications of using new materials, such as new cementitious binders, alkali-activated materials or other types of nonconventional concretes.

Assistant Professor with Aggregation Luís Filipe Almeida Bernardo
Prof. Sérgio Manuel Rodrigues Lopes
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Nonconventional concrete
  • Mechanical performance
  • Structural applications
  • Experimental findings
  • Analytical and numerical models
  • Design

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 8214 KiB  
Article
Live-Scale Testing of Granular Materials Stabilized with Alkali-Activated Waste Glass and Carbide Lime
by Marina Paula Secco, Débora Thaís Mesavilla, Márcio Felipe Floss, Nilo Cesar Consoli, Tiago Miranda and Nuno Cristelo
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(23), 11286; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311286 - 29 Nov 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1758
Abstract
The increasingly strong search for alternative materials to Portland cement has resulted in the development of alkali-activated cements (AAC) that are very effective at using industrial by-products as raw materials, which also contributes to the volume reduction in landfilled waste. Several studies targeting [...] Read more.
The increasingly strong search for alternative materials to Portland cement has resulted in the development of alkali-activated cements (AAC) that are very effective at using industrial by-products as raw materials, which also contributes to the volume reduction in landfilled waste. Several studies targeting the development of AAC—based on wastes containing silicon and calcium—for chemical stabilization of soils have demonstrated their excellent performance in terms of durability and mechanical performance. However, most of these studies are confined to a laboratory characterization, ignoring the influence and viability of the in situ construction process and, also important, of the in situ curing conditions. The present work investigated the field application of an AAC based on carbide lime and glass wastes to stabilize fine sand acting as a superficial foundation. The assessment was supported on the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and initial shear modulus (G0) of the developed material, and the field results were compared with those prepared in the laboratory, up to 120 days curing. In situ tests were also developed on the field layers (with diameters of 450 and 900 mm and thickness of 300 mm) after different curing times. To establish a reference, the mentioned precursors were either activated with a sodium hydroxide solution or hydrated with water (given the reactivity of the lime). The results showed that the AAC-based mixtures developed greater strength and stiffness at a faster rate than the water-based mixtures. Specimens cured under controlled laboratory conditions showed better results than the samples collected in the field. The inclusion of the stabilized layers clearly increased the load-bearing capacity of the natural soil, while the different diameters produced different failure mechanisms, similar to those found in Portland cement stabilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Performance of New Concrete Materials)
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23 pages, 27909 KiB  
Article
Mechanical Characterisation and Shrinkage of Thermoactivated Recycled Cement Concrete
by Sofia Real, José Alexandre Bogas, Ana Carriço and Susana Hu
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(6), 2454; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062454 - 10 Mar 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2265
Abstract
This paper investigates the mechanical and shrinkage behaviour of concrete with recycled cement (RC) thermoactivated from waste cement paste and waste concrete. Overall, compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), for the same water/binder ratio, the mechanical strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity were not [...] Read more.
This paper investigates the mechanical and shrinkage behaviour of concrete with recycled cement (RC) thermoactivated from waste cement paste and waste concrete. Overall, compared to ordinary Portland cement (OPC), for the same water/binder ratio, the mechanical strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity were not significantly influenced by the incorporation of RC. The elasticity modulus decreased with the addition of RC and the shrinkage tended to increase at high RC content. The incorporation of up to 15% RC allowed the production of workable concrete with identical shrinkage and similar to higher mechanical strength than concrete with only OPC. RC proved to be a very promising more eco-efficient supplementary cementitious material. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Performance of New Concrete Materials)
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12 pages, 5023 KiB  
Article
Triaxial Compression Performance Research of Steel Slag Concrete on the Unified Strength Theory
by Zhiheng Deng, Jingkai Zhou, Beiquan Chen, Xiaoyan Wen and Bing Liu
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(1), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010128 - 24 Dec 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1782
Abstract
To better explore the mechanical properties of steel slag concrete (SSC) under triaxial compression, true triaxial tests were performed on SSC with three replacement ratios (30%, 70%, 100%) by a servo-controlled setup (TAWZ-5000/3000). Through the test, failure modes, peak stress, and corresponding strain [...] Read more.
To better explore the mechanical properties of steel slag concrete (SSC) under triaxial compression, true triaxial tests were performed on SSC with three replacement ratios (30%, 70%, 100%) by a servo-controlled setup (TAWZ-5000/3000). Through the test, failure modes, peak stress, and corresponding strain of SSC are obtained. Results show that the failure modes of SSC are plate-splitting and slant-shear. Compared with the corresponding uniaxial strength, the triaxial compressive strength of SSC is significantly improved and is influenced by the stress ratio and the replacement ratio. Finally, based on unified strength theory, the strength failure criterion formula of SSC with different replacement rates under triaxial compression is given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Performance of New Concrete Materials)
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Review

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22 pages, 2741 KiB  
Review
Effect of Design Parameters on Compressive and Split Tensile Strength of Self-Compacting Concrete with Recycled Aggregate: An Overview
by P. Jagadesh, Andrés Juan-Valdés, M. Ignacio Guerra-Romero, Julia M. Morán-del Pozo, Julia García-González and Rebeca Martínez-García
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 6028; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11136028 - 29 Jun 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2666
Abstract
One of the prime objectives of this review is to understand the role of design parameters on the mechanical properties (Compressive and split tensile strength) of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) with recycled aggregates (Recycled Coarse Aggregates (RCA) and Recycled Fine Aggregates (RFA)). The design [...] Read more.
One of the prime objectives of this review is to understand the role of design parameters on the mechanical properties (Compressive and split tensile strength) of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) with recycled aggregates (Recycled Coarse Aggregates (RCA) and Recycled Fine Aggregates (RFA)). The design parameters considered for review are Water to Cement (W/C) ratio, Water to Binder (W/B) ratio, Total Aggregates to Cement (TA/C) ratio, Fine Aggregate to Coarse Aggregate (FA/CA) ratio, Water to Solid (W/S) ratio in percentage, superplasticizer (SP) content (kg/cu.m), replacement percentage of RCA, and replacement percentage of RFA. It is observed that with respect to different grades of SCC, designed parameters affect the mechanical properties of SCC with recycled aggregates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanical Performance of New Concrete Materials)
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