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Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2017) | Viewed by 84496

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Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Zheng Lu

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Guest Editor

Department of Disaster Mitigation for Structures, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
Interests: structural vibration control; green and tough construction materials; particle-damping materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Tony Yang

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Guest Editor

Smart Structures Group, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Interests: seismic behaviour and design of steel; concrete and composite structures; seismic behaviour and design of tall buildings; development of performance-based evaluation methodology and code design procedures for new and existing structures; energy dissipation systems
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Prof. Dr. Ying Zhou

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Research Institute of Structural Engineering and Disaster Reduction, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Interests: seismic performance of complex tall buildings; performance-based seismic design; structural performance of composite structures and hybrid structures; methodology and technology for structural dynamic test
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Assoc. Prof. Dr. Angeliki Papalou

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Department of Civil Engineering, Technological Educational Institute (T.E.I.) of Western Greece
Interests: structural vibration control; particle damping technology; passive control
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Structural vibration control plays a very important role in civil engineering. During the past few decades, energy dissipative technologies by attaching dissipative devices or designing dissipative elements, are constantly emerging in the control of vibration. A wide range of dampers, such as friction dampers, particle dampers, viscoelastic dampers and mild steel dampers, etc., have been widely applied in buildings, bridges and towers. Under extreme loads, these dissipative devices behave nonlinear prior to the structural elements, and significantly absorb and dissipate the input energy through friction, collision and elastic-plastic hysteric deformation (bending, shear and torsion), which consequently ensure the safety and integral stability.

Interdisciplinary is the new frontier of engineering. New progresses in other fields, such as material science, mechanical engineering, etc., are encouraged to introduce into the area of civil engineering. This Special Issue focuses on the development and application of innovative nonlinear dissipative systems that mitigate the potentially catastrophic effects of extreme loading by incorporating new materials or effective mechanical control technologies. This Special Issue is promising to present contributions in exploring the energy dissipation principles and revealing the damping mechanism of the new nonlinear attenuating technology, which is conducive to extending the fundamental application of new nonlinear dampers and providing new solutions for the structural vibration control. Desired topics include, but are not limited to, the development of efficient and convenient composite nonlinear dampers, experimental investigation, advanced modeling and systematical theoretical analysis of nonlinear dynamic systems, optimization of creative nonlinear dampers and damping mechanism.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zheng Lu
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tony Yang
Prof. Dr. Ying Zhou
Assoc. Prof. Dr. Angeliki Papalou
Guest Editors

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Keywords

Nonlinear dissipative device
Innovative nonlinear damper
Energy dissipation
Structural vibration control
Damping mechanism
Particle damper
Tuned mass damper
New material
Nonlinear and high-damping material
Optimal design
Practical application

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Published Papers (14 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

5 pages, 161 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Special Issue: Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control

by Zheng Lu, Ying Zhou, Tony Yang and Angeliki Papalou

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(6), 857; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8060857 - 23 May 2018

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2821

Abstract

This Special Issue (SI) of Applied Sciences on Development and Application of Nonlinear
Dissipative Devices in Structural Vibration Control contains papers that focus on the development
and application of innovative nonlinear dissipative systems that mitigate the potentially catastrophic
effects of extreme loading by [...] Read more.

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

17 pages, 15392 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Application of the Hybrid Simulation Method for the Full-Scale Precast Reinforced Concrete Shear Wall Structure

by Zaixian Chen, Huanding Wang, Hao Wang, Hongbin Jiang, Xingji Zhu and Kun Wang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(2), 252; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8020252 - 8 Feb 2018

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4784

Abstract

The hybrid simulation (HS) testing method combines physical test and numerical simulation, and provides a viable alternative to evaluate the structural seismic performance. Most studies focused on the accuracy, stability and reliability of the HS method in the small-scale tests. It is a challenge to evaluate the seismic performance of a twelve-story pre-cast reinforced concrete shear-wall structure using this HS method which takes the full-scale bottom three-story structural model as the physical substructure and the elastic non-linear model as the numerical substructure. This paper employs an equivalent force control (EFC) method with implicit integration algorithm to deal with the numerical integration of the equation of motion (EOM) and the control of the loading device. Because of the arrangement of the test model, an elastic non-linear numerical model is used to simulate the numerical substructure. And non-subdivision strategy for the displacement inflection point of numerical substructure is used to easily realize the simulation of the numerical substructure and thus reduce the measured error. The parameters of the EFC method are calculated basing on analytical and numerical studies and used to the actual full-scale HS test. Finally, the accuracy and feasibility of the EFC-based HS method is verified experimentally through the substructure HS tests of the pre-cast reinforced concrete shear-wall structure model. And the testing results of the descending stage can be conveniently obtained from the EFC-based HS method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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15 pages, 2829 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Application of an Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm in an Optimum Tuned Mass Damper Design for a Pedestrian Bridge

by Weixing Shi, Liangkun Wang, Zheng Lu and Quanwu Zhang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(2), 175; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8020175 - 25 Jan 2018

Cited by 36 | Viewed by 4759

Abstract

Tuned mass damper (TMD) has a wide application in the human-induced vibration control of pedestrian bridges and its parameters have great influence on the control effects, hence it should be well designed. A new optimization method for a TMD system is proposed in this paper, based on the artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA), and the primary structural damping is taken into consideration. The optimization goal is to minimize the maximum dynamic amplification factor of the primary structure under external harmonic excitations. As a result, the optimized TMD has a smaller maximum dynamic amplification factor and better robustness. The optimum TMD parameters for a damped primary structure with different damping ratios and different TMD mass ratios are summarized in a table for simple, practical design, and the fitting equation is also provided. The TMD configuration optimized by the proposed method was shown to be superior to that optimized by other classical optimization methods. Finally, the application of an optimized TMD based on AFSA for a pedestrian bridge is proposed as a case study. The results show that the TMD designed based on AFSA has a smaller maximum dynamic amplification factor than the TMD designed based on the classic Den Hartog method and the TMD designed based on the Ioi Toshihiro method, and the optimized TMD has a good effect in controlling human-induced vibrations at different frequencies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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17 pages, 12694 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of a Self-Powered Magnetorheological Damper System for Cable Vibration Control

by Zhihao Wang, Zhengqing Chen, Hui Gao and Hao Wang

Appl. Sci. 2018, 8(1), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/app8010118 - 15 Jan 2018

Cited by 34 | Viewed by 7167

Abstract

A new self-powered magnetorheological (MR) damper control system was developed to mitigate cable vibration. The power source of the MR damper is directly harvested from vibration energy through a rotary permanent magnet direct current (DC) generator. The generator itself can also serve as an electromagnetic damper. The proposed smart passive system also incorporates a roller chain and sprocket, transforming the linear motion of the cable into the rotational motion of the DC generator. The vibration mitigation performance of the presented self-powered MR damper system was evaluated by model tests with a 21.6 m long cable. A series of free vibration tests of the cable with a passively operated MR damper with constant voltage, an electromagnetic damper alone, and a self-powered MR damper system were performed. Finally, the vibration control mechanisms of the self-powered MR damper system were investigated. The experimental results indicate that the supplemental modal damping ratios of the cable in the first four modes can be significantly enhanced by the self-powered MR damper system, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of the new smart passive system. The results also show that both the self-powered MR damper and the generator are quite similar to a combination of a traditional linear viscous damper and a negative stiffness device, and the negative stiffness can enhance the mitigation efficiency against cable vibration. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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6589 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Base Pounding Model and Response Analysis of Base-Isolated Structures under Earthquake Excitation

by Chengqing Liu, Wei Yang, Zhengxi Yan, Zheng Lu and Nan Luo

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(12), 1238; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7121238 - 29 Nov 2017

Cited by 29 | Viewed by 4810

Abstract

In order to study the base pounding effects of base-isolated structure under earthquake excitations, a base pounding theoretical model with a linear spring-gap element is proposed. A finite element analysis program is used in numerical simulation of seismic response of based-isolated structure when considering base pounding. The effects of the structure pounding against adjacent structures are studied, and the seismic response of a base-isolated structure with lead-rubber bearing and a base-isolated structure with friction pendulum isolation bearing are analyzed. The results indicate that: the model offers much flexibility to analyze base pounding effects. There is a most clearance unfavorable width between adjacent structures. The structural response increases with pounding. Significant amplification of the story shear-force, velocity, and acceleration were observed. Increasing the number of stories in a building leads to an initial increase in impact force, followed by a decrease in such force. As a result, it is necessary to consider base pounding in the seismic design of base-isolated structures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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4316 KiB

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Research on the Rational Yield Ratio of Isolation System and Its Application to the Design of Seismically Isolated Reinforced Concrete Frame-Core Tube Tall Buildings

by Aiqun Li, Cantian Yang, Linlin Xie, Lide Liu and Demin Zeng

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(11), 1191; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7111191 - 19 Nov 2017

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 6340

Abstract

Resilience-based seismic design of reinforced concrete (RC) tall buildings has become an important trend in earthquake engineering. Seismic isolation technology is an effective and important method to improve the resiliency of RC frame-core tube tall buildings located in high seismic regions. However, the traditional design method for this type of building does not focus on the key design parameter, namely, the yield ratio of the isolation system and has therefore been proved to be highly inefficient. To address these issues, the rational yield ratio of isolation system for such buildings is investigated based on 28 carefully designed cases, considering the influences of total heights, yield ratios and seismically isolated schemes. The rational range of the yield ratio is recommended to be 2-3%. Based on this, a high-efficiency design method is proposed for seismically isolated RC frame-core tube tall buildings. Subsequently, a seismically isolated RC frame-core tube tall building with a height of 84.1 m is designed using the proposed design method. The rationality, reliability and efficiency of the proposed method are validated. The research outcome can serve as a reference for further development of the seismic design method for seismically isolated RC frame-core tube tall buildings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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5746 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Soil–Structure–Equipment Interaction and Influence Factors in an Underground Electrical Substation under Seismic Loads

by Bo Wen, Lu Zhang, Ditao Niu and Muhua Zhang

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(10), 1044; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7101044 - 12 Oct 2017

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4568

Abstract

Underground electrical substations play an increasingly significant role in urban economic development for the power supply of subways. However, in recent years, there have been few studies on the seismic performance of underground electrical substations involving the interaction of soil–structure–equipment. To conduct the study, three-dimensional finite element models of an underground substation are established. The implicit dynamic numerical simulation analysis is performed by changing earthquake input motions, soil characteristics, electrical equipment type and structure depths. According to a seismic response analysis, acceleration amplification coefficients, displacements, stresses and internal forces are obtained and analyzed. It is found that (1) as a boundary condition of soil–structure, the coupling boundary is feasible in the seismic response of an underground substation; (2) the seismic response of an underground substation is sensitive to burial depth and elastic modulus; (3) the oblique incidence of input motion has a slight influence on the horizontal seismic response, but has a significant impact on the vertical seismic response; and (4) the bottom of the side wall is the seismic weak part of an underground substation, so it is necessary to increase the stiffness of this area. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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6329 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Study on the Performance of Polyurethane-Steel Sandwich Structure under Debris Flow

by Peizhen Li, Shutong Liu and Zheng Lu

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(10), 1018; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7101018 - 2 Oct 2017

Cited by 17 | Viewed by 4409

Abstract

Polyurethane-steel sandwich structure, which creatively uses the polyurethane-steel sandwich composite as a structural material, is proposed to strengthen the impact resistance of buildings under debris flow. The impact resistance of polyurethane-steel sandwich structure under debris flow is investigated by a series of impact loading tests, compared with that of traditional steel frame structures. Additionally, further discussions regarding the hidden mechanism are performed. During the whole impact process, as for steel frame structure, the impacted column appeared obvious local deformation both at its column base and on the impact surface, leading to remarkable decrease of its impact resistance; while the stress and strain of polyurethane-steel sandwich structure develops more uniformly and distribute further in the whole structure, maintaining excellent integrity and impact transmission capability. The impact loading tests confirm that polyurethane-steel sandwich structure possesses superior impact resistance under debris flow. This is of great practical significance for the prevention and reduction of geological disasters. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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4704 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Experimental Study on Vibration Control of a Submerged Pipeline Model by Eddy Current Tuned Mass Damper

by Wenxi Wang, Dakota Dalton, Xugang Hua, Xiuyong Wang, Zhengqing Chen and Gangbing Song

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(10), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7100987 - 25 Sep 2017

Cited by 51 | Viewed by 9524

Abstract

Undesirable vibrations occurring in undersea pipeline structures due to ocean currents may shorten the lifecycle of pipeline structures and even lead to their failure. Therefore, it is desirable to find a feasible and effective device to suppress the subsea vibration. Eddy current tuned mass damper (ECTMD), which employs the damping force generated by the relative movement of a non-magnetic conductive metal (such as copper or aluminum) through a magnetic field, is demonstrated to be an efficient way in structural vibration control. However, the feasibility and effectiveness of ECTMD in a seawater environment has not been reported on before. In this paper, an experiment is conducted to validate the feasibility of an eddy current damper in a seawater environment. A submerged pipeline is used as the controlled structure to experimentally study the effectiveness of ECTMD. The dynamic properties of the submerged pipeline are obtained from dynamic tests and the finite element method (FEM). The optimum design of TMD with a linear spring-damper element for a damped primary structure is carried out through numerical optimization procedures and is used to determine the optimal frequency tuning ratio and damping ratio of ECTMD. In addition, the performance of ECTMD to control the submerged pipeline model is respectively studied in free vibration case and forced vibration case. The results show that the damping provided by eddy current in a seawater environment is only slightly varied compared to that in an air environment. With the optimal ECTMD control, vibration response of the submerged pipeline is significantly decreased. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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2858 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Experimental Study on Robustness of an Eddy Current-Tuned Mass Damper

by Junda Chen, Guangtao Lu, Yourong Li, Tao Wang, Wenxi Wang and Gangbing Song

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(9), 895; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7090895 - 1 Sep 2017

Cited by 31 | Viewed by 7516

Abstract

In this paper, an eddy current tuned mass damper (ECTMD) is utilized to control the vibration of a cantilever beam. The robustness of the ECTMD against frequency detuning is experimentally studied in cases of both free vibration and forced vibration. The natural frequency of the cantilever beam can be adjusted by changing the location of a lumped mass. For purposes of comparison with the ECTMD, the robustness of a tuned mass damper (TMD) is also studied. The experimental results in the free vibration case indicate that the ECTMD works well both in tuned and detuned situations, and the equivalent damping ratio of the cantilever beam equipped with the ECTMD is 2.08~5.91 times that of the TMD. However, the TMD only suppresses the free vibration effectively in the tuned situation. With forced vibration, the experimental results also demonstrate the robustness of the ECTMD in vibration suppression in detuned cases. On the other hand, the cantilever beam with TMD experiences 1.63~2.99 times the peak vibration of that of the ECTMD control. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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1789 KiB

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Prediction of Ultimate Strain and Strength of FRP-Confined Concrete Cylinders Using Soft Computing Methods

by Iman Mansouri, Ozgur Kisi, Pedram Sadeghian, Chang-Hwan Lee and Jong Wan Hu

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(8), 751; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7080751 - 25 Jul 2017

Cited by 33 | Viewed by 5537

Abstract

This paper investigates the effectiveness of four different soft computing methods, namely radial basis neural network (RBNN), adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) with subtractive clustering (ANFIS-SC), ANFIS with fuzzy c-means clustering (ANFIS-FCM) and M5 model tree (M5Tree), for predicting the ultimate strength and strain of concrete cylinders confined with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets. The models were compared according to the root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute relative error (MARE) and determination coefficient (R²) criteria. Similar accuracy was obtained by RBNN and ANFIS-FCM, and they provided better estimates in modeling ultimate strength of confined concrete. The ANFIS-SC, however, performed slightly better than the RBNN and ANFIS-FCM in estimating ultimate strain of confined concrete, and M5Tree provided the worst strength and strain estimates. Finally, the effects of strain ratio and the confinement stiffness ratio on strength and strain were investigated, and the confinement stiffness ratio was shown to be more effective. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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6509 KiB

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Member Discrete Element Method for Static and Dynamic Responses Analysis of Steel Frames with Semi-Rigid Joints

by Jihong Ye and Lingling Xu

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(7), 714; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7070714 - 11 Jul 2017

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 7006

Abstract

In this paper, a simple and effective numerical approach is presented on the basis of the Member Discrete Element Method (MDEM) to investigate static and dynamic responses of steel frames with semi-rigid joints. In the MDEM, structures are discretized into a set of finite rigid particles. The motion equation of each particle is solved by the central difference method and two adjacent arbitrarily particles are connected by the contact constitutive model. The above characteristics means that the MDEM is able to naturally handle structural geometric nonlinearity and fracture. Meanwhile, the computational framework of static analysis is consistent with that of dynamic analysis, except the determination of damping. A virtual spring element with two particles but without actual mass and length is used to simulate the mechanical behaviors of semi-rigid joints. The spring element is not directly involved in the calculation, but is employed only to modify the stiffness coefficients of contact elements at the semi-rigid connections. Based on the above-mentioned concept, the modified formula of the contact element stiffness with consideration of semi-rigid connections is deduced. The Richard-Abbort four-parameter model and independent hardening model are further introduced accordingly to accurately capture the nonlinearity and hysteresis performance of semi-rigid connections. Finally, the numerical approach proposed is verified by complex behaviors of steel frames with semi-rigid connections such as geometric nonlinearity, snap-through buckling, dynamic responses and fracture. The comparison of static and dynamic responses obtained using the modified MDEM and those of the published studies illustrates that the modified MDEM can simulate the mechanical behaviors of semi-rigid connections simply and directly, and can accurately effectively capture the linear and nonlinear behaviors of semi-rigid connections under static and dynamic loading. Some conclusions, as expected, are drawn that structural bearing capacity under static loading will be overestimated if semi-rigid connections are ignored; when the frequency of dynamic load applied is close to structural fundamental frequency, hysteresis damping of nonlinear semi-rigid connections can cause energy dissipation compared to rigid and linear semi-rigid connections, thus avoiding the occurrence of resonance. Additionally, fracture analysis also indicates that semi-rigid steel frames possess more anti-collapse capacity than that with rigid steel frames. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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4888 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Robustness Analysis of the Collective Nonlinear Dynamics of a Periodic Coupled Pendulums Chain

by Khaoula Chikhaoui, Diala Bitar, Najib Kacem and Noureddine Bouhaddi

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(7), 684; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7070684 - 3 Jul 2017

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6139

Abstract

Perfect structural periodicity is disturbed in presence of imperfections. The present paper is based on a realistic modeling of imperfections, using uncertainties, to investigate the robustness of the collective nonlinear dynamics of a periodic coupled pendulums chain. A generic discrete analytical model combining multiple scales method and standing-wave decomposition is proposed. To propagate uncertainties through the established model, the generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion is used and compared to the Latin Hypercube Sampling method. Effects of uncertainties are investigated on the stability and nonlinearity of two and three coupled pendulums chains. Results prove the satisfying approximation given by the generalized Polynomial Chaos Expansion for a significantly reduced computational time, with respect to the Latin Hypercube Sampling method. Dispersion analysis of the frequency responses show that the nonlinear aspect of the structure is strengthened, the multistability domain is wider, more stable branches are obtained and thus multimode solutions are enhanced. More fine analysis is allowed by the quantification of the variability of the attractors’ contributions in the basins of attraction. Results demonstrate benefits of presence of imperfections in such periodic structure. In practice, imperfections can be functionalized to generate energy localization suitable for several engineering applications such as vibration energy harvesting. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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3788 KiB

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Vibration Control of a Power Transmission Tower with Pounding Tuned Mass Damper under Multi-Component Seismic Excitations

by Li Tian, Kunjie Rong, Peng Zhang and Yuping Liu

Appl. Sci. 2017, 7(5), 477; https://doi.org/10.3390/app7050477 - 5 May 2017

Cited by 38 | Viewed by 8065

Abstract

In this paper, the two-dimensional vibration controls of a power transmission tower with a pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD) under multi-component seismic excitations are analyzed. A three-dimensional finite element model of a practical power transmission tower is established in ABAQUS (Dassasult Simulia Company, Providence, RI, USA). The TMD (tuned mass damper) and PTMD are simulated by the finite element method. The response of the transmission tower with TMD and PTMD are analyzed, respectively. To achieve optimal design, the influence of the mass ratio, ground motion intensity, gap, and incident angle of seismic ground motion are investigated, respectively. The results show that the PTMD is very effective in reducing the vibration of the transmission tower in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The reduction ratio increases with the increase of the mass ratio. The ground motion intensity and gap have no obvious influence on the reduction ratio. However, the incident angle has a significant influence on the reduction ratio. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Application of Nonlinear Dissipative Device in Structural Vibration Control)

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