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Applied Sciences
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Application of Microorganisms in Biocontrol and Growing Conditions in Vegetables
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Application of Microorganisms in Biocontrol and Growing Conditions in Vegetables

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 March 2022) | Viewed by 6388

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Raúl Rivas-González

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Spanish-Portuguese Institute of Agricultural Research (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
2. Spain Associated Unit, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca, University of Salamanca CSIC (IRNASA), 37008 Salamanca, Spain
Interests: mutalists; symbiosis, microbiology; plant growth; ecology
Dr. José David Flores-Félix

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Lab 237, Edif Departamental de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
Interests: microbiology; rhizobium; PGPB
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Esther Menéndez

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Spanish-Portuguese Institute of Agricultural Research (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
2. Associated Unit, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca, University of Salamanca CSIC (IRNASA), 37008 Salamanca, Spain
3. Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environmental and Development (MED), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research (IIFA), University of Evora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
Interests: plant probiotic bacteria; plant-microbe interactions; sustainable agriculture; biofertilizers; soil fertility; soil and plant microbial communities; metagenomics; microbial ecology and biodiversity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of microorganisms in agriculture is an effective strategy to reduce the application of chemical compounds and improve the efficiency of crops, with special relevance in crops for fresh consumption, such as vegetables. Microorganisms exert their actions through different mechanisms: (i) direct supply of nutrients, such as nitrogen fixation or phosphate solubilization, (ii) modulation of the physiological state of the plant through the production of phytohormones, (iii) the induction of immune responses, and (iv) protection against plant diseases. In this sense, some microorganisms are able to act as biocontrol agents against phytopathogens through the secretion of diffusible molecules, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and cell wall degrading enzymes, amongst others.

In this Special Issue, we welcome manuscripts on the incorporation of microorganisms in fertilization schemes of vegetable crops, analyzing those aspects related to the quantitative and qualitative improvement of production, their use as biocontrol agents in vegetable crop management, and those technical aspects related to their use in greenhouse and field conditions.

Dr. Raúl Rivas-González
Dr. José David Flores-Félix
Dr. Esther Menéndez
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Biofertilizer
  • biocontrol
  • sustainable agriculture
  • plant growth promotion bacteria
  • crops for fresh consumption
  • plant microbiology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1709 KiB  
Article
Effect of Selected Trichoderma Strains and Metabolites on Olive Drupes
by Irene Dini, Marica Pascale, Alessia Staropoli, Roberta Marra and Francesco Vinale
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(18), 8710; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188710 - 18 Sep 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 2525
Abstract
Beneficial fungal strains of the genus Trichoderma are used as biofungicides and plant growth promoters. Trichoderma strains promote the activation of plant defense mechanisms of action, including the production of phenolic metabolites. In this work, we analyzed the effects of selected Trichoderma strains [...] Read more.
Beneficial fungal strains of the genus Trichoderma are used as biofungicides and plant growth promoters. Trichoderma strains promote the activation of plant defense mechanisms of action, including the production of phenolic metabolites. In this work, we analyzed the effects of selected Trichoderma strains (T. asperellum KV906, T. virens GV41, and T. harzianum strains TH1, M10, and T22) and their metabolites (harzianic acid and 6-pentyl-α-pyrone) on drupes of young olive trees (4-year-old) cv. Carolea. This study used the untargeted analysis of drupe metabolome, carried out by LC–MS Q-TOF, to evaluate the phenolics profiles and target metabolomics approach to detect oleuropein and luteolin. The untargeted approach showed significant differences in the number and type of phenolic compounds in olive drupes after Trichoderma applications (by root dipping and drench soil irrigation method) compared to control. The levels of oleuropein (secoiridoid) and luteolin (flavonoid) varied according to the strain or metabolite applied, and in some cases, were less abundant in treated plants than in the control. In general, flavonoids’ levels were influenced more than secoiridoid production. The dissimilar aptitudes of the biological treatments could depend on the selective competence to cooperate with the enzymes involved in producing the secondary metabolites to defend plants by environmental stresses. Our results suggest that using selected fungi of the genus Trichoderma and their metabolites could contribute to selecting the nutraceutical properties of the olive drupe. The use of the metabolites would bring further advantages linked to the dosage in culture and storage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Microorganisms in Biocontrol and Growing Conditions in Vegetables)
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12 pages, 9886 KiB  
Article
Soil Bacteria as Potential Biological Control Agents of Fusarium Species Associated with Asparagus Decline Syndrome
by Eduardo De la Lastra, María Camacho and Nieves Capote
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(18), 8356; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11188356 - 9 Sep 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2766
Abstract
To avoid the use of agrochemicals in agriculture, alternative methods are emerging to control plant pathogens. Some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be used as biocontrol agents since they can induce protection against pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the [...] Read more.
To avoid the use of agrochemicals in agriculture, alternative methods are emerging to control plant pathogens. Some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be used as biocontrol agents since they can induce protection against pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of several PGPR strains against the main Fusarium species involved in asparagus decline syndrome (ADS): F. proliferatum, F. oxysporum f. sp. asparagi and F. redolens. In vitro antagonism assays showed that all the bacteria inhibited the mycelium growth of the three Fusarium species. The most effective strains (Streptomyces fradiae Hvs6, Bacillus paralicheniformis Hvs2 and Bacillus velezensis FC37) were tested to evaluate their protective effect on asparagus plants inoculated with pathogenic Fusarium isolates. Strains FC37 and Hvs2 were the most effective in controlling pathogenic F. proliferatum and F. oxysporum f. sp. asparagi, but neither could protect against F. redolens isolates. The production of hydrolytic enzymes such as β-glucosidase, amylase and protease by these bacterial strains could be involved in the structural degradation of the fungal cell wall. In addition, the production of toxic volatile compounds, such as hydrogen cyanide, may inhibit the fungal growth, and the production of phosphate solubilizers could be related to the plant growth promotion. These results suggest that strains FC37 and Hvs2 could be used as potential biocontrol agents as a sustainable and environmentally friendly control strategy for ADS-affected fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Microorganisms in Biocontrol and Growing Conditions in Vegetables)
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