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Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 October 2021) | Viewed by 19512

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Dr. Gianluca Tenore

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Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
Interests: oral pathology; oral medicine; oral cancer; oral surgery; laser
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I would like to invite you to submit a contribution to a Special Issue of Applied Science: “Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases”. In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. The management objectives of oral diseases have become more directed toward prevention and early diagnosis. In addition, the minimally invasive approach using all available methods has become a favorable approach to raise the quality of life and to maintain the maximum respect of our patients. These concepts should be reflected not only in the local clinical aspect but also on the systemic clinical overview. The presence of many medically compromised patients who take one or more drug therapies and need a tailored treatment plan due to the high risk of significant comorbidities is observed in daily dental practice. The topic of interest of this Special Issue is all valid updates on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of oral diseases for both dentoperiodontal and osteomucosal structures.

The topics of interest of this Special Issue include valid updates on (but not limited to) the management of:

Oral cancer patients;
Oral potentially malignant disorders;
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws;
Patients undergoing radio- and chemotherapy;
Medically compromised patients;
Oral infections;
Patients with special needs;
New technologies for oral health.

All original articles, case reports, and review articles are welcome for submission.

Dr. Gianluca Tenore
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

Oral cancer
Risk factors
Diagnosis
Potentially malignant disorders
Osteonecrosis
Mucositis
Oral infections
Therapy
Surgery
Laser
Rehabilitation
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Molecular target drug

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

3 pages, 168 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Special Issue “Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases”

by Gianluca Tenore

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(24), 11744; https://doi.org/10.3390/app112411744 - 10 Dec 2021

Viewed by 1458

Abstract

The attention of scientific research has grown in recent years on how to achieve more early and accurate diagnosis of oral diseases, and to carry out more efficient management of them [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases)

Research

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12 pages, 2022 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

808-Nm Near-Infrared Laser Photobiomodulation versus Switched-Off Laser Placebo in Major Aphthae Management: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

by Claudio Pasquale, Esteban Colombo, Stefano Benedicenti, Antonio Signore and Andrea Amaroli

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 4717; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11114717 - 21 May 2021

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3218

Abstract

Background: the aphtha is one of the most common oral mucosal ulcerations and presents as a painful punched-out sore. Systemic and topical medications are used to reduce inflammation and pain and to support the natural period of remission. Alternative treatment modalities have been requested to relieve pain and improve its healing. In this regard, photobiomodulation, which is a manipulation of cells’ metabolism through an energy transfer by light sources of non-ablative or thermal intensity, could support aphtha management. The predictor variable of our research was the photobiomodulation through higher energy and power irradiated through a handpiece with a flat-top beam profile. The primary end point was the complete healing of the aphtha, defined as the time from the irradiation to the complete recovery. The secondary end point was pain relief, evaluated daily through the visual analogue scale (VAS), from the irradiation to 24 and 48 h after. Methods: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was conducted according to the CONSORT guideline. Irradiation was performed through an 808-nm diode laser with flat-top handpiece, and 1 W, 1 W/cm², 60 J, 60 J/cm² for 60 s on a spot-size area of 1 cm². Time of complete healing and pain evaluation by VAS scale were evaluated. Results: between 1 January, 2020 and 1 March, 2021, 126 patients were screened for the study at the Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Italy. Sixty patients were randomly assigned (30 in the photobiomodulation group and 30 in the placebo group). Patients of the photobiomodulation group experienced complete healing in an average time of 8.13 days ± 1.69 (min 5–max 10 days), while for the placebo group the average time extended to 30.76 ± 4.63 days (min 25–max 42 days). Patients of the photobiomodulation therapy group experienced a statistically significant reduction in pain and discomfort 24 and 48 h after treatment (p < 0.05); the reduction was statistically higher (p < 0.05) 48 h after treatment compared to 24 h after. Conclusions: photobiomodulation at the parameters and modality of irradiation proposed accelerates the healing recovery and reduces pain compared to the patients treated with the placebo. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases)

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9 pages, 4018 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Immunohistochemical Differences in Squamous Precancerous and Cancerous Lesions of the Oral Cavity and the Larynx: Preliminary Data

by Piero Luigi Aló, Miriam Cicciarelli, Francesca De Felice, Claudia Quintiliani, Alessandro Corsi and Antonella Polimeni

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(5), 2048; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11052048 - 25 Feb 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2086

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess immune cell populations in squamous precancerous (preinvasive) and cancerous lesions of the oral cavity and larynx. Qualitative and quantitative immunohistochemical analyses were performed to determine the expressions of CD4, CD8, CD15, CD57 and CD68. The expressions of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), p16 and Ki67 were also assessed. Squamous cell lesions from forty-one patients were included in the study. Sixteen samples were categorized as precancerous (preinvasive) lesions and twenty-five as invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Invasive lesions showed a negative correlation with CD57+ cells (ρ = −0.69) and a positive correlation with Ki67 (ρ = 0.61). The amount of CD4+ lymphocytes was higher in invasive lesions. There were no differences in PD-L1 and p16 immunoreactivity. Our analysis showed differences in the immunohistochemical profile between preinvasive and invasive squamous cell lesions. In the near future, this study should be useful in driving treatment strategy in both preinvasive and invasive squamous cell lesions of the oral cavity and larynx. However, studies on larger series of patients focusing on site-specific lesions are required. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases)

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9 pages, 2374 KiB

Open AccessArticle

“Pull-through” Resection for Total and Subtotal Glossectomy Involving the Posterior Third of Tongue

by Marco Della Monaca, Valentina Terenzi, Ingrid Raponi, Paolo Priore, Andrea Battisti, Andrea Cassoni, Riccardo Nocini, Gianluca Tenore, Edoardo Brauner, Umberto Romeo, Antonella Polimeni and Valentino Valentini

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(23), 8580; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238580 - 30 Nov 2020

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3958

Abstract

The lower lip-splitting incision associated with different types of mandibulotomy, in order to obtain wide access to total or subtotal glossectomy, is described. In those cases, high rates of functional and aesthetic deficit and postoperative morbidity (more in cases of patients in which adjuvant radiotherapy has been performed) are described. We present our experience in the treatment of patients undergoing total or subtotal glossectomy and contemporary reconstruction with flaps, and without lip-splitting incision and mandibulotomy. Materials and Methods: Data about patients affected by malignant tumors requiring total or subtotal (posterior third of the tongue) resection that were treated at our department from January 2004 to December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Data evaluated included: T and N stage, resection margins, operation time, and post-operative complications, such as fistula and flap necrosis. Results: 41 patients were identified. In two cases microscopic infiltration of one margin was found (R1); in one case a close margin was identified. In 26 cases reconstruction was performed using free flaps, and in the remaining cases a pectoralis major flap was used. In three cases postoperative complications were observed. Discussion and conclusions: In theory, lip-splitting and mandible discontinuity could allow for increased access and tumor visualization, and could facilitate flap positioning. Nevertheless, in our experience, it is not necessary in the case of total or subtotal glossectomy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases)

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13 pages, 1023 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Photo-Biomodulation as a Prevention Modality of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

by Ahmed Mohsen, Gianluca Tenore, Federica Rocchetti, Alessandro Del Vecchio, Roberto Ricci, Walter Barberi, Claudio Cartoni, Anna Paola Iori, Roberto Pippi, Antonella Polimeni and Umberto Romeo

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(21), 7479; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217479 - 24 Oct 2020

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2381

Abstract

The aim of the study was to observe the effectiveness of a photo-biomodulation (PBM) protocol for the prevention of oral mucositis (OM) in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT). A case-control study was conducted on 40 patients undergoing aHSCT. The patients were divided into two groups; the preventive group (PG) included 20 patients (7 females and 13 males) who were subjected to intra-oral PBM for five sessions a week, starting one day before the conditioning regimen and continuing until the 10th day after transplantation (D+10). In each session, ten points on the at-risk mucosal surfaces were irradiated using a double diode laser that emits two wavelengths simultaneously at 650 nm and at 904–910 nm with the following parameters at each point: energy of 4 J, and power of 88.9 mW. The control group (CG) included 20 patients (10 females and 10 males) who were not subjected to laser therapy and were selected retrospectively to compare the obtained results. For all patients, OM was assessed by the World Health Organization (WHO) grading scale. Eight patients in the PG did not experience OM during their hospitalization period (with grade 0). Severe OM was observed in 40% of the patients in the PG, while in the CG, severe OM was shown in 85% of the patients. The mean duration of OM in the PG was significantly lower than that of CG (4.7 days in the PG and 15 days in the CG) (p < 0.001). The study demonstrated that the preventive PBM protocol reduced the severity and duration of OM in patients undergoing aHSCT. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases)

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11 pages, 392 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Tobacco, Alcohol and Family History of Cancer as Risk Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Case-Control Retrospective Study

by Gianluca Tenore, Alessandro Nuvoli, Ahmed Mohsen, Andrea Cassoni, Andrea Battisti, Valentina Terenzi, Marco Della Monaca, Ingrid Raponi, Edoardo Brauner, Francesca De Felice, Daniela Musio, Cira Rosaria Tiziana Di Gioia, Daniela Messineo, Silvia Mezi, Stefano Di Carlo, Andrea Botticelli, Valentino Valentini, Paolo Marchetti, Vincenzo Tombolini, Marco De Vincentiis, Antonella Polimeni and Umberto Romeo Show full author list Hide full author list

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(11), 3896; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10113896 - 4 Jun 2020

Cited by 32 | Viewed by 5315

Abstract

The aim of the study is to observe retrospectively the correlation between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and risk factors; including tobacco, alcohol and Family History of Cancer (FHC). A total of 478 patients were included retrospectively from the database of the Department of Oral Sciences and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome. A Test Group (TG) consisted of 239 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of OSCC. A Control Group (CG) consisted of 239 patients without history and/or diagnosis of oral cancer. The logistic regression models were used to calculate the adjusted Odd Ratios (ORs) associated with alcohol, tobacco and FHC; including the General Family History of Cancer (GFHC) and Family History of Head and Neck Cancer (FHHNC) and their 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). The high rate of tobacco consumption was associated with an OR of 1.035 (95% CI 1.001–1.070) and a statistical significance (p = 0.041). Drinker patients showed a significant risk of developing OSCC (p = 0.05) and the OR was 1.035 (95% CI 1.010–1.061). The GFHC was associated with a marginal risk of OSCC with an OR of 1.095 (95% CI 0.953–1.259), without significance (p = 0.199). The FHHNC showed a notable risk increase with an OR of 1.871 (95% CI 0.902–3.882), without significance (p = 0.092). Alcohol and tobacco may be associated with an increase in the risk of OSCC. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Concept and Emerging Treatments in Oral Diseases)

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