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Fatigue Fractures and Simulations of Structural Materials and Engineering Structures

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 22296

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Prof. Dr. Robert Ulewicz

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Department of Production Engineering and Safety, Czestochowa University of Technology, Ul. J.H. Dabrowskiego 69, 42-201 Czestochowa, Poland
Interests: manufacturing; processing; technology; fatigue; fracture; quality systems; process improvement
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Prof. Dr. František Nový

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Department of Materials Sciences, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Žilina, Univerzitná 1, 01026 Žilina, Slovak Republic
Interests: degradation martials; fatigue; crack propagations; stress corrosion crackin; fractures; contact fatigue; fretting; non-conventional technologies
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fatigue of structural materials is a very complex phenomenon affected by many factors, such as structural design, production technology, material properties, the quality of materials, temperature and environmental conditions, applied loadings, inappropriate use, and many others. In general, the fatigue of structural materials is a failure mechanism that involves the cracking of materials and structural components due to cyclic loading. The influence of design geometry, residual stresses, material properties, internal defects, grain size, temperature, surface quality, and corrosion have been a hot topic of research for many years.

This Special Issue of Applied Sciences is dedicated to the fatigue fractures and fatigue simulations of structural materials and engineering structures. It will gather and present the latest achievements in theoretical (modeling and simulation) and experimental studies of fatigue of metallic and composite structural materials.

Studies that include the fatigue of advanced structural materials and the study of various factors influencing the fatigue of structural materials such as the fatigue testing of lightweight structures or components, the influence of heat treatment, microstructure, specific surface treatment, specific surface finish, cold work, stress concentration, internal defects, residual stress, and complex stress conditions–multiaxial fatigue are particularly welcome.

Prof. Robert Ulewicz
Prof. František Nový
Guest Editors

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Keywords

fatigue
fractures
propagation
crack
simulations
fatigue test
structures

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 9068 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Two- and Three-Dimensional Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Holes on the Fatigue Crack Growth Path

by Yahya Ali Fageehi

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7480; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167480 - 14 Aug 2021

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2932

Abstract

Problems in fracture mechanics are difficult when the appropriate analysis is unspecified, which is very common in most real-life situations. Finite element modeling is thus demonstrated to be an essential technique to overcome these problems. There are currently various software tools available for modeling fracture mechanics problems, but they are usually difficult to use, and obtaining accurate results is not an obvious task. This paper illustrates some procedures in two finite element programs to solve problems in two- and three-dimensional linear-elastic fracture mechanics, and an educational proposal is made to use this software for a better understanding of fracture mechanics. Crack modeling was done in a variety of ways depending on the software. The first is the well-known ANSYS, which is usually utilized in industry, and the second was a freely distributed code, called FRANC2D/L, from Cornell University. These software applications were used to predict the fatigue crack growth path as well as the associated stress intensity factors. The predicted results demonstrate that the fatigue crack is turned towards the hole. The fatigue crack growth paths are influenced by the varying positions and sizes of single holes, while two symmetrically distributed holes have no effect on the fatigue crack growth direction. The findings of the study agree with other experimental crack propagation studies presented in the literature that reveal similar crack propagation trajectory observations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Fractures and Simulations of Structural Materials and Engineering Structures)

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16 pages, 7629 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Computational Simulation of 3D Fatigue Crack Growth under Mixed-Mode Loading

by Abdulnaser M. Alshoaibi

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(13), 5953; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11135953 - 26 Jun 2021

Cited by 22 | Viewed by 4631

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to present a simulation modelling of a crack propagation trajectory in linear elastic material subjected to mixed-mode loadings and investigate the effects of the existence of a hole and geometrical thickness on fatigue crack growth and fatigue life under constant amplitude loading. For various geometry thickness, mixed-mode (I/II) fatigue crack growth studies were carried out to utilize a single edge cracked plate with three holes and compact tension shear specimens with various loading angles. Smart Crack Growth Technology, a new feature in ANSYS, was used in ANSYS Mechanical APDL 19.2 to predict the cracks’ propagation trajectory and their consequent fatigue life associated with evaluating the stress intensity factors. The maximum circumferential stress criterion is implemented as a direction criterion under linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM). According to the hole position, the results demonstrate that the fatigue crack grows towards the hole due to the unbalanced stresses on the hole induced crack tip. The results of this simulation are verified in terms of crack growth paths, stress intensity factors, and fatigue life under mixed-mode load conditions, with several crack growth studies published in the literature showing consistent results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Fractures and Simulations of Structural Materials and Engineering Structures)

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17 pages, 9449 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Numerical Modeling of Crack Growth under Mixed-Mode Loading

by Abdulnaser M. Alshoaibi

Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(7), 2975; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11072975 - 26 Mar 2021

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4529

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to simulate the propagation of linear elastic crack in 3D structures using the latest innovation developed using Ansys software, which is the Separating Morphing and Adaptive Remeshing Technology (SMART), in order to enable automatic remeshing during a simulation of fracture behaviors. The ANSYS Mechanical APDL 19.2 (Ansys, Inc., Canonsburg, PA, USA), is used by employing a special mechanism in ANSYS, which is the smart crack growth method, to accurately predict the crack propagation paths and associated stress intensity factors. For accurate prediction of the mixed-mode stress intensity factors (SIFs), the interaction integral technique has been employed. This approach is used for the prediction of the mixed-mode SIFs in the three-point bending beam, which has six different configurations: three configurations with holes, and the other three without holes involving the linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) assumption. The results indicated that the growth of the crack was attracted to the hole and changes its trajectory to reach the hole or floats by the hole and grows when the hole is missing. For verification, the data available in the open literature on experimental crack path trajectories and stress intensity factors were compared with computational study results, and very good agreement was found. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Fractures and Simulations of Structural Materials and Engineering Structures)

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15 pages, 8100 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Fatigue Cycles and Performance Evaluation of Accelerating Aging Heat Treated Aluminum Semi Solid Materials Designed for Automotive Dynamic Components

by Mohamed Attia, Khaled Ahmed Ragab, Mohamed Bouazara and X.-Grant Chen

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(9), 3008; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10093008 - 26 Apr 2020

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2864

Abstract

The A357-type (Al-Si-Mg) aluminum semi solid casting materials are known for their excellent strength and good ductility, which make them materials of choice, preferable in the manufacturing of automotive dynamic mechanical components. Semi-solid casting is considered as an effective technique for the manufacturing of automotive mechanical dynamic components of superior quality performance and efficiency. The lower control arm in an automotive suspension system is the significant mechanical dynamic component responsible for linking the wheels of the vehicle to the chassis. A new trend is to manufacture this part from A357 aluminum alloy due to its lightweight, high specific strength, and better corrosion resistance than steel. This study proposes different designs of a suspension control arm developed, concerning its strength to weight ratio. Furthermore, this study aims to investigate the effect of accelerating thermal aging treatments on the fatigue life of bending fatigue specimens manufactured from alloy A357 using the Rheocasting semi-solid technology. The results revealed that the multiple aging cycles, of WC3, indicated superior fatigue life compared to standard thermal aging cycles. On the other hand, the proposed designs of automotive suspension control components showed higher strength-to-weight ratios, better stress distribution, and lower Von-Mises stresses compared to conventional designs. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Fractures and Simulations of Structural Materials and Engineering Structures)

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14 pages, 4209 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Analysis of Influence of the Welding Procedure on Impact Toughness of Welded Joints of the High-Strength Low-Alloyed Steels

by Andreja Ilić, Ivan Miletić, Ružica R. Nikolić, Vesna Marjanović, Robert Ulewicz, Blaža Stojanović and Lozica Ivanović

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 2205; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10072205 - 25 Mar 2020

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3552

Abstract

This paper presents results of comparison of two welding procedures’ influence on selected properties of the welded joints of high-strength low-alloyed steel (HSLA), specifically the impact toughness and the hardness distribution in the specific zones of “single V” butt multiple-pass welded joints. Based on results obtained from experiments, the two applied welding technologies were evaluated. They differ by the welding grove geometry and by the applied root pass welding procedure. Both procedures use MAG (Metal Active Gas) welding for execution of the filling and covering passes, while the root passes are executed by the MMA (Manual Metal Arc) procedure in the first case and by the MIG (Metal Inert Gas) procedure in the second. Experimentally obtained values of the fracture energy of the welded samples for both procedures were smaller than the values for the parent metal, which confirms the fact that welding causes degradation of the mechanical properties of HSLA steel; thus, any welding technology parameters must be so selected to mitigate this deficiency. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Fractures and Simulations of Structural Materials and Engineering Structures)

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12 pages, 1585 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Interface Crack Approaching a Three-Material Joint

by Jelena M. Djoković, Ružica R. Nikolić, Robert Ulewicz and Branislav Hadzima

Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(1), 416; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10010416 - 6 Jan 2020

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2947

Abstract

The problem of an interface crack that approaches a three-material joint with two interfaces is analyzed in this paper. Two possible cases are considered: the crack that lies at the interface between materials A and B, approaching the joint of materials A, B, and C, deflects into the interface between materials A and C or into the interface between materials B and C. Analysis is performed within restrictions imposed by the linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), linear elastic behavior of materials, and the small plastic zone around the crack tip, based on the crack deflection criterion proposed by He and Hutchinson. That criterion is applied in this paper to a joint of the three homogeneous isotropic materials. The energy release rates for the crack deflection into one interface or the other are compared to each other, and, based on this comparison, a conclusion is drawn as to which of the two interfaces the crack would deflect. If the value of the ratio of the energy release rates G_BC/G_AC is greater than the ratio of the corresponding fracture toughnesses of the two interfaces, the crack will deflect into the BC interface. If this ratio is smaller than the ratio of the corresponding fracture toughnesses, the crack will deflect into the AC interface. Knowing the ratio of energy release rates for deflection into one interface or the other can be used for designing the interface, namely for prediction of the direction of further crack propagation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fatigue Fractures and Simulations of Structural Materials and Engineering Structures)

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