Recent Advances in Drug Delivery and Oral Health: The Impact of Technology and Digital Advances 2.0

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Regenerative Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 4462

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Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Orthodontic Program, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Naples, Italy
Interests: early treatment; dentofacial orthopedics; clear aligners; impacted canines; cleft lip and palate; biomarkers during orthodontic movement
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the second edition of the previous release, “Recent Advances in Drug Delivery and Oral Health: The Impact of Technology and Digital Advances as a New Frontier 2.0”. (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/bioengineering/special_issues/oral_drug)

Bioengineering has resulted in dramatic progress in drug delivery and oral health through technological and digital advancements. The current advances in the field of Dentistry are enabling enhanced treatment efficiency through the employment of the following technologies:

Artificial intelligence, as one of the most trending methods for imaging analysis and for addressing segmentation issues;

Machine learning, as a supportive technology for the artificial intelligence training process;

Data mining, offering support to the increasing wave of digital three-dimensional data;

Cloud computing, providing improved access to data by enabling rapid connectivity technologies such as 5G;

Blockchain, securing the developed code and ensuring accessibility to secure data;

Printing and bio-printing, from scaffolds and segmented organs to small devices employed as sensors or clear aligners;

Intra-oral scanners, facial scanners, and stereophotogrammetry, the technology for which is rapidly growing in popularity;

Digital imaging, for the enhancement and three-dimensional management of 3D CBCT anatomical data analysis;

Augmented and virtual reality, as the future of education, guided surgery, and pain-relieving therapy;

Portable mobile improvements, such as Lidar scanners.

This Special Issue will collect evidence on the current state of the art and speculate on the possibilities offered by the contemporary technologies, especially when combined, to propose new—and improve upon existing—digital workflows. These technologies will define the future of public health and strategies to enhance the status of the clinician as a contemporary healer.

Dr. Marco Farronato
Dr. Cristina Grippaudo
Dr. Ludovica Nucci
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 6483 KiB  
Article
Sixty-Month Follow Up of Clinical MRONJ Cases Treated with CGF and Piezosurgery
by Gianna Dipalma, Angelo Michele Inchingolo, Giuseppina Malcangi, Irene Ferrara, Fabio Viapiano, Anna Netti, Assunta Patano, Ciro Gargiulo Isacco, Alessio Danilo Inchingolo and Francesco Inchingolo
Bioengineering 2023, 10(7), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10070863 - 20 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1534
Abstract
Aims: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a drug-related adverse reaction characterized by bone destruction and necrosis in the jaw. This case series aims to evaluate the treatment approaches and outcomes in MRONJ patients. Materials and methods: The retrospective study was conducted [...] Read more.
Aims: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a drug-related adverse reaction characterized by bone destruction and necrosis in the jaw. This case series aims to evaluate the treatment approaches and outcomes in MRONJ patients. Materials and methods: The retrospective study was conducted at the Dental Unit of the University of Bari, Italy. Patients with MRONJ were treated and followed up for 60 months. The treatment approach involved piezosurgery and concentrated growth factor (CGF). Six clinical cases from this group are described in detail. Results: None of the patients showed recurrence of necrotic MRONJ lesions during the follow-up period. The surgical interventions, including bone resections and the application of CGF, resulted in successful mucosal healing and the prevention of disease progression. Conclusions: This study highlights the complexity of managing MRONJ and the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. Conservative treatment options and minimally invasive surgery have shown efficacy in controlling symptoms and improving patients’ quality of life. However, the optimal treatment approach remains a challenge, and further studies are needed to evaluate alternative therapies and resective surgery. A comprehensive preoperative evaluation and collaboration among dental, endocrinology, and oncology specialists are crucial for personalized and multidisciplinary management. Ongoing research efforts are necessary to explore new therapeutic modalities and improve our understanding of MRONJ management, providing better support to patients dealing with this complex condition. Full article
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28 pages, 1831 KiB  
Review
Chemopreventive and Biological Strategies in the Management of Oral Potentially Malignant and Malignant Disorders
by Gaia Viglianisi, Alessandro Polizzi, Cristina Grippaudo, Salvatore Cocuzza, Rosalia Leonardi and Gaetano Isola
Bioengineering 2024, 11(1), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11010065 - 9 Jan 2024
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Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represent a significant global health burden due to their potential for malignant transformation and the challenges associated with their diagnosis and treatment. Chemoprevention, an innovative approach aimed at halting or reversing the [...] Read more.
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represent a significant global health burden due to their potential for malignant transformation and the challenges associated with their diagnosis and treatment. Chemoprevention, an innovative approach aimed at halting or reversing the neoplastic process before full malignancy, has emerged as a promising avenue for mitigating the impact of OPMD and OSCC. The pivotal role of chemopreventive strategies is underscored by the need for effective interventions that go beyond traditional therapies. In this regard, chemopreventive agents offer a unique opportunity to intercept disease progression by targeting the molecular pathways implicated in carcinogenesis. Natural compounds, such as curcumin, green tea polyphenols, and resveratrol, exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties that could make them potential candidates for curtailing the transformation of OPMD to OSCC. Moreover, targeted therapies directed at specific molecular alterations hold promise in disrupting the signaling cascades driving OSCC growth. Immunomodulatory agents, like immune checkpoint inhibitors, are gaining attention for their potential to harness the body’s immune response against early malignancies, thus impeding OSCC advancement. Additionally, nutritional interventions and topical formulations of chemopreventive agents offer localized strategies for preventing carcinogenesis in the oral cavity. The challenge lies in optimizing these strategies for efficacy, safety, and patient compliance. This review presents an up to date on the dynamic interplay between molecular insights, clinical interventions, and the broader goal of reducing the burden of oral malignancies. As research progresses, the synergy between early diagnosis, non-invasive biomarker identification, and chemopreventive therapy is poised to reshape the landscape of OPMD and OSCC management, offering a glimpse of a future where these diseases are no longer insurmountable challenges but rather preventable and manageable conditions. Full article
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