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Bioengineering
Special Issues
Nanoparticle Interaction with the Biological Milieu
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Nanoparticle Interaction with the Biological Milieu

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 June 2017) | Viewed by 40267

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Frank Alexis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Colegio de Ciencias e Ingenerias, Universidad of San Francisco de Quito, Quito 107910, Ecuador
Interests: remediation; safety; target; sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanoparticle interactions with the biological milieu mediate their toxicity, bioactivity, efficacy, circulation time, and biodistribution. Understanding how these nanoparticles interact with that milieu remains one of the most important obstacles regarding the development of future imaging, antimicrobial, and therapeutic agents.
Therefore, the current Special Issue emphasizes those studies that focus on nanoparticle interactions with cells, proteins, extra-cellular matrix; bacteria, viruses, and DNA. Beyond the mechanisms of interactions, the cutting edge issues include novel testing methods and the biological response associated with nanoparticle interactions with the biological milieu.
We look forward to receiving your contributions as either reviews or technical manuscripts for this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Frank Alexis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Cells
  • Proteins
  • Extra-Cellular Matrix
  • Bacteria
  • Viruses
  • DNA

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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1278 KiB  
Communication
Antioxidant Activity of SOD and Catalase Conjugated with Nanocrystalline Ceria
by Dmitry Gil, Jeannette Rodriguez, Brendan Ward, Alexey Vertegel, Vladimir Ivanov and Vladimir Reukov
Bioengineering 2017, 4(1), 18; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering4010018 - 25 Feb 2017
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 9663
Abstract
Interactions of nanoparticles with biological matter—both somatically and in nature—draw scientists’ attention. Nanoparticulate systems are believed to be our saviors, acting as versatile drug delivery vehicles. However, they can also cause life-threatening bodily damage. One of the most important properties of nanocrystalline cerium [...] Read more.
Interactions of nanoparticles with biological matter—both somatically and in nature—draw scientists’ attention. Nanoparticulate systems are believed to be our saviors, acting as versatile drug delivery vehicles. However, they can also cause life-threatening bodily damage. One of the most important properties of nanocrystalline cerium dioxide is its antioxidant activity, which decreases the abundance of reactive oxygen species during inflammation. In this paper, we report on synergistic effects of inorganic cerium oxide (IV) nanoparticles conjugated with the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase on scavenging oxygen and nitrogen radicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Interaction with the Biological Milieu)
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2998 KiB  
Article
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Stimulates Extra-Cellular Matrix Production in Cellular Spheroids
by Megan Casco, Timothy Olsen, Austin Herbst, Grace Evans, Taylor Rothermel, Lauren Pruett, Dan Simionescu, Richard Visconti and Frank Alexis
Bioengineering 2017, 4(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering4010004 - 21 Jan 2017
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 6877
Abstract
Nanotechnologies have been integrated into drug delivery, and non-invasive imaging applications, into nanostructured scaffolds for the manipulation of cells. The objective of this work was to determine how the physico-chemical properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and their spatial distribution into cellular spheroids stimulated [...] Read more.
Nanotechnologies have been integrated into drug delivery, and non-invasive imaging applications, into nanostructured scaffolds for the manipulation of cells. The objective of this work was to determine how the physico-chemical properties of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and their spatial distribution into cellular spheroids stimulated cells to produce an extracellular matrix (ECM). The MNP concentration (0.03 mg/mL, 0.1 mg/mL and 0.3 mg/mL), type (magnetoferritin), shape (nanorod—85 nm × 425 nm) and incorporation method were studied to determine each of their effects on the specific stimulation of four ECM proteins (collagen I, collagen IV, elastin and fibronectin) in primary rat aortic smooth muscle cell. Results demonstrated that as MNP concentration increased there was up to a 6.32-fold increase in collagen production over no MNP samples. Semi-quantitative Immunohistochemistry (IHC) results demonstrated that MNP type had the greatest influence on elastin production with a 56.28% positive area stain compared to controls and MNP shape favored elastin stimulation with a 50.19% positive area stain. Finally, there are no adverse effects of MNPs on cellular contractile ability. This study provides insight on the stimulation of ECM production in cells and tissues, which is important because it plays a critical role in regulating cellular functions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Interaction with the Biological Milieu)
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3531 KiB  
Article
Horizontally Aligned Carbon Nanotube Based Biosensors for Protein Detection
by Hu Chen, Jingfeng Huang, Derrick Wen Hui Fam and Alfred Iing Yoong Tok
Bioengineering 2016, 3(4), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering3040023 - 29 Sep 2016
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 6868
Abstract
A novel horizontally aligned single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) Field Effect Transistor (FET)-based biosensing platform for real-time and sensitive protein detections is proposed. Aligned nanotubes were synthesized on quartz substrate using catalyst contact stamping, surface-guided morphological growth and chemical vapor deposition gas-guided growth methods. [...] Read more.
A novel horizontally aligned single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) Field Effect Transistor (FET)-based biosensing platform for real-time and sensitive protein detections is proposed. Aligned nanotubes were synthesized on quartz substrate using catalyst contact stamping, surface-guided morphological growth and chemical vapor deposition gas-guided growth methods. Real-time detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using as-prepared FET biosensors was demonstrated. The kinetic measurements of the biosensor revealed that the drain current (Id) decreased exponentially as the concentration of PSA increased, indicating that the proposed FET sensor is capable of quantitative protein detection within a detection window of up to 1 µM. The limit of detection (LOD) achieved by the proposed platform was demonstrated to be 84 pM, which is lower than the clinically relevant level (133 pM) of PSA in blood. Additionally, the reported aligned CNT biosensor is a uniform sensing platform that could be extended to real-time detections of various biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Interaction with the Biological Milieu)
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Review

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2950 KiB  
Review
Biosynthesis of Inorganic Nanoparticles: A Fresh Look at the Control of Shape, Size and Composition
by Si Amar Dahoumane, Clayton Jeffryes, Mourad Mechouet and Spiros N. Agathos
Bioengineering 2017, 4(1), 14; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering4010014 - 18 Feb 2017
Cited by 104 | Viewed by 9187
Abstract
Several methodologies have been devised for the design of nanomaterials. The “Holy Grail” for materials scientists is the cost-effective, eco-friendly synthesis of nanomaterials with controlled sizes, shapes and compositions, as these features confer to the as-produced nanocrystals unique properties making them appropriate candidates [...] Read more.
Several methodologies have been devised for the design of nanomaterials. The “Holy Grail” for materials scientists is the cost-effective, eco-friendly synthesis of nanomaterials with controlled sizes, shapes and compositions, as these features confer to the as-produced nanocrystals unique properties making them appropriate candidates for valuable bio-applications. The present review summarizes published data regarding the production of nanomaterials with special features via sustainable methodologies based on the utilization of natural bioresources. The richness of the latter, the diversity of the routes adopted and the tuned experimental parameters have led to the fabrication of nanomaterials belonging to different chemical families with appropriate compositions and displaying interesting sizes and shapes. It is expected that these outstanding findings will encourage researchers and attract newcomers to continue and extend the exploration of possibilities offered by nature and the design of innovative and safer methodologies towards the synthesis of unique nanomaterials, possessing desired features and exhibiting valuable properties that can be exploited in a profusion of fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Interaction with the Biological Milieu)
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2591 KiB  
Review
Engineering the RNA-Nanobio Interface
by Vaibhav Murthy and Robert K. Delong
Bioengineering 2017, 4(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering4010013 - 15 Feb 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 6636
Abstract
RNA nanotechnology is attracting a great deal of attention recently. As the multiple roles that RNA plays in molecular biology and physiological regulation become clearer, there are many opportunities for engineering RNA-Nanoparticle Complexes (RNA-NPCs). The high “engineerability” of RNA-NPCs comes from the ability [...] Read more.
RNA nanotechnology is attracting a great deal of attention recently. As the multiple roles that RNA plays in molecular biology and physiological regulation become clearer, there are many opportunities for engineering RNA-Nanoparticle Complexes (RNA-NPCs). The high “engineerability” of RNA-NPCs comes from the ability to modify the RNA and NP chemistry. For example, the NP can be derived from materials with anticancer activity and the RNA delivered by it, designed to target cell signaling pathways that contribute to the molecular basis of these diseases. Despite this rapid advancement and the availability of new quantification and characterization techniques, a key challenge is to develop a better understanding of the RNA-nanobio interface; that is, the interactions of RNA with NP (RNA-nanobio interface) and how that impacts the structure, function, delivery, and activity of the RNA. Here, we attempt to summarize the state-of-the-art in this new and exciting field, and to lay out potential directions for bioengineering research on RNA-NPCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticle Interaction with the Biological Milieu)
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