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Biomedicines
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New Challenges in the Study of Diabetes and Related Complications-Pathophysiology,...
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New Challenges in the Study of Diabetes and Related Complications-Pathophysiology, Prevention and Treatment

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 March 2025 | Viewed by 4215

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Jeļizaveta Sokolovska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Jelgavas Street 3, LV 1004 Riga, Latvia
Interests: diabetes mellitus; lipid metabolism; diabetes mellitus type 1; diabetes mellitus type 2; diabetes complications; diabetic kidney disease; metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; nutrition; glucose variability

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes mellitus remains one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in the developed world. Despite the ability to control for the main risk factors of diabetes complications, such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia, a lot of patients progress to severe forms of diabetic kidney disease, diabetic retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, novel approaches are needed to improve the outcomes of patients undergoing already available pharmacotherapy. New therapeutic options should be targeted to achieve better glycemic control and decrease systemic low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress. Drugs targeting impaired microvasculature and macrovasculature are also needed. These may include, but are not limited to, antibodies against molecules inducing vascular damage, compounds targeting anti-oxidative defense, and others. 

This Special Issue, New Challenges in the Study of Diabetes and Related Complications: Pathophysiology and Treatment, welcomes submissions on the topic of diabetes and its complications, including the pathophysiology, prevention, and treatment of these diseases.

Dr. Jeļizaveta Sokolovska
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diabetes mellitus
  • glucose variability
  • complications of diabetes
  • low-grade inflammation
  • oxidative stress
  • anti-oxidative response

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1190 KiB  
Article
Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction over Seven-Year Follow-Up in Type 2 Diabetes Patients without Cardiovascular Diseases
by Dariga Uaydinichna Akasheva, Tatyana Gennadyevna Utina, Olga Nikolaevna Dzhioeva and Oxana Mikhailovna Drapkina
Biomedicines 2024, 12(9), 2031; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12092031 - 5 Sep 2024
Viewed by 641
Abstract
Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is common in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to define long-term structural and functional disorders of the left ventricle (LV) myocardium over a 7-year follow-up in patients with T2D without cardiovascular diseases (CVD). [...] Read more.
Subclinical left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) is common in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to define long-term structural and functional disorders of the left ventricle (LV) myocardium over a 7-year follow-up in patients with T2D without cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Of the 120 patients with and without T2D of both sexes aged from 45 to 75 years (57.11 ± 7.9 years), included in the study in 2012–2013, 57 responded to the follow-up study. They were divided into two groups: one with T2D (n = 29), the other without it, the control (n = 28). All patients underwent transthoracic two-dimensional echocardiography with an assessment of standard indicators of systolic and diastolic cardiac function, global longitudinal strain (GLS), laboratory diagnostics of carbohydrate metabolism disorders markers, NT-proBNP, and CRP. The median follow-up duration was 7.2 [7.0–7.8] years. During the follow-up, a statistically significant increase in the incidence of diastolic dysfunction (DD) from 53% to 61% (p = 0.004) was found in the T2D group; no significant dynamics were noted in the control group (p = 0.48). The proportion of patients with reduced GLS (<−18%) increased in the T2D group (p = 0.036). A significant difference in the frequency of decreased GLS depending on presence of T2D was demonstrated. In conclusion, T2D is an independent risk factor for the worsening of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with T2D without CVD over 7-year follow-up. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in the Study of Diabetes and Related Complications-Pathophysiology, Prevention and Treatment)
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12 pages, 2687 KiB  
Article
Immune Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in the Liver of Diabetic Mice
by Ali Badaoui, Kayvan Sasaninia, Aishvaryaa Shree Mohan, Abrianna Beever, Nala Kachour, Anmol Raien, Afsal Kolloli, Ranjeet Kumar, Santhamani Ramasamy, Selvakumar Subbian and Vishwanath Venketaraman
Biomedicines 2024, 12(6), 1370; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061370 - 20 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1157
Abstract
Individuals with uncontrolled diabetes are highly susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection. Novel treatments for TB are needed to address the increased antibiotic resistance and hepatoxicity. Previous studies showed that the administration of liposomal glutathione (L-GSH) [...] Read more.
Individuals with uncontrolled diabetes are highly susceptible to tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) infection. Novel treatments for TB are needed to address the increased antibiotic resistance and hepatoxicity. Previous studies showed that the administration of liposomal glutathione (L-GSH) can mitigate oxidative stress, bolster a granulomatous response, and diminish the M. tb burden in the lungs of M. tb-infected mice. Nonetheless, the impact of combining L-GSH with conventional TB treatment (RIF) on the cytokine levels and granuloma formation in the livers of diabetic mice remains unexplored. In this study, we evaluated hepatic cytokine profiles, GSH, and tissue pathologies in untreated and L-GSH, RIF, and L-GSH+RIF treated diabetic (db/db) M. tb-infected mice. Our results indicate that treatment of M. tb-infected db/db mice with L-GSH+RIF caused modulation in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and GSH in the liver and mitigation in the granuloma size in hepatic tissue. Supplementation with L-GSH+RIF led to a decrease in the M. tb burden by mitigating oxidative stress, promoting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and restoring the cytokine balance. These findings highlight the potential of L-GSH+RIF combination therapy for addressing active EPTB, offering valuable insights into innovative treatments for M. tb infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in the Study of Diabetes and Related Complications-Pathophysiology, Prevention and Treatment)
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15 pages, 981 KiB  
Article
Effects of Once-Weekly Semaglutide on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study Based on Real-World Data
by Hisayuki Katsuyama, Mariko Hakoshima, Emika Kaji, Masaaki Mino, Eiji Kakazu, Sakura Iida, Hiroki Adachi, Tatsuya Kanto and Hidekatsu Yanai
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1001; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051001 - 2 May 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1732
Abstract
Once-weekly semaglutide is a widely used glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In clinical trials, semaglutide improved glycemic control and obesity, and reduced major cardiovascular events. However, the reports are limited on its real-world efficacy [...] Read more.
Once-weekly semaglutide is a widely used glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In clinical trials, semaglutide improved glycemic control and obesity, and reduced major cardiovascular events. However, the reports are limited on its real-world efficacy relating to various metabolic factors such as dyslipidemia or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in Asian patients with T2D. In our retrospective longitudinal study, we selected patients with T2D who were given once-weekly semaglutide and compared metabolic parameters before and after the start of semaglutide. Seventy-five patients were eligible. HbA1c decreased significantly, by 0.7–0.9%, and body weight by 1.4–1.7 kg during the semaglutide treatment. Non-HDL cholesterol decreased significantly at 3, 6 and 12 months after the initiation of semaglutide; LDL cholesterol decreased at 3 and 6 months; and HDL cholesterol increased at 12 months. The effects on body weight, HbA1c and lipid profile were pronounced in patients who were given semaglutide as a first GLP-1RA (GLP-1R naïve), whereas improvements in HbA1c were also observed in patients who were given semaglutide after being switched from other GLP-1RAs. During a 12-month semaglutide treatment, the hepatic steatosis index (HSI) tended to decrease. Moreover, a significant decrease in the AST-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) was observed in GLP-1RA naïve patients. Our real-world study confirmed the beneficial effects of once-weekly semaglutide, namely, improved body weight, glycemic control and atherogenic lipid profile. The beneficial effects on MASLD were also suggested. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in the Study of Diabetes and Related Complications-Pathophysiology, Prevention and Treatment)
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