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Biomedicines
Special Issues
New Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
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New Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 4375

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Evangelos Koustas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Interests: oncology; medicine; cancer biology; autophagy; molecular science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer that is highly prevalent worldwide. The management of HCC requires a multidisciplinary approach, with therapy options including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy. The choice of therapy depends on several factors, including the stage and extent of the disease, the patient's underlying liver function, and the presence of comorbidities. In recent years, there have been significant advances in the treatment of HCC, with the development of new systemic therapies and targeted molecular therapies. Researchers are exploring different types of immunotherapy for HCC, including checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell transfer therapy. Early studies have shown promise for these treatments, with some patients experiencing significant tumor shrinkage and improved overall survival rates. However, there is still a need for better therapies that can improve the outcomes of HCC patients.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Evangelos Koustas
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • checkpoint inhibitors
  • combinatorial treatments
  • hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
  • immunotherapy
  • liver cancer
  • therapy
  • targeted therapy

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3332 KiB  
Article
Immune-Targeted Therapy with or without Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombosis (PVTT): A Multicenter Retrospective Study
by Ran You, Yuan Cheng, Lingfeng Diao, Chendong Wang, Bin Leng, Zeyu Yu, Qingyu Xu and Guowen Yin
Biomedicines 2024, 12(9), 2124; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12092124 - 19 Sep 2024
Viewed by 707
Abstract
Purpose: In the present study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of immune-targeted therapy (IT) with or without transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Patients and methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study [...] Read more.
Purpose: In the present study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of immune-targeted therapy (IT) with or without transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). Patients and methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study that included 265 HCC patients with PVTT (IT + TACE: 82, IT: 183). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), as well as tumor responses and adverse events, were evaluated. Results: Patients in the IT + TACE group experienced significantly longer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) periods, compared with those in the IT group (OS 19.0 vs. 13.0 months, p < 0.001; PFS 12.0 vs. 7.3 months, p < 0.001). Multivariable analysis confirmed IT + TACE as an independent predictor for improved OS and PFS. Subgroup analysis demonstrated the benefits of IT + TACE in patients with rich PVTT blood supply. Preoperative imaging and DSA offered predictive value. Conclusions: TACE combined with IT provides a safe and effective treatment option for advanced-HCC patients with PVTT, particularly those with abundant PVTT blood supply. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
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25 pages, 6831 KiB  
Article
Photodynamic Therapy Using a Rose-Bengal Photosensitizer for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment: Proposition for a Novel Green LED-Based Device for In Vitro Investigation
by Anthony Lefebvre, Smail Marhfor, Gregory Baert, Pascal Deleporte, Guillaume Paul Grolez, Marie Boileau, Olivier Morales, Séverine Vignoud, Nadira Delhem, Laurent Mortier and Anne-Sophie Dewalle
Biomedicines 2024, 12(9), 2120; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12092120 - 18 Sep 2024
Viewed by 780
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Despite new treatments, the HCC rate remains important, making it necessary to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a Rose-Bengal (RB) photosensitizer (RB-PDT) could be a promising approach for liver [...] Read more.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Despite new treatments, the HCC rate remains important, making it necessary to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a Rose-Bengal (RB) photosensitizer (RB-PDT) could be a promising approach for liver tumor treatment. However, the lack of standardization in preclinical research and the diversity of illumination parameters used make comparison difficult across studies. This work presents and characterizes a novel illumination device based on one green light-emitting diode (CELL-LED-550/3) dedicated to an in vitro RB-PDT. The device was demonstrated to deliver a low average irradiance of 0.62 mW/cm2 over the 96 wells of a multi-well plate. Thermal characterization showed that illumination does not cause cell heating and can be performed inside an incubator, allowing a more rigorous assessment of cell viability after PDT. An in vitro cytotoxic study of the RB-PDT on an HCC cell line (HepG2) demonstrated that RB-PDT induces a significant decrease in cell viability: almost all the cells died after a light dose irradiation of 0.3 J/cm2 using 75 µM of RB (<10% of viability). In conclusion, the RB-PDT could be a therapeutic option to treat unresectable liver lesions and subclinical disease remaining in the post-resection tumor surgical margin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
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Review

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30 pages, 919 KiB  
Review
Examining the Efficacy and Safety of Combined Locoregional Therapy and Immunotherapy in Treating Hepatocellular Carcinoma
by Nojan Bajestani, Gavin Wu, Ahmed Hussein and Mina S. Makary
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1432; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071432 - 27 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1230
Abstract
More than 800,000 people worldwide are diagnosed with HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) each year, with approximately 700,000 deaths alone occurring in that same year. Treatment of HCC presents complex therapeutic challenges, particularly in intermediate and advanced stages. LRTs such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and [...] Read more.
More than 800,000 people worldwide are diagnosed with HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) each year, with approximately 700,000 deaths alone occurring in that same year. Treatment of HCC presents complex therapeutic challenges, particularly in intermediate and advanced stages. LRTs such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and ablations have been the mainstay treatment for early to intermediate-stage HCC, and systemic therapies are used to treat intermediate-late-stage HCC. However, novel literature describing combining LRT with systemic therapies has shown promising results. This review explores recent advances in both liver-directed techniques for hepatocellular carcinoma, including bland transarterial embolization, chemoembolization, radioembolization, and ablative therapies in conjunction as well as with systemic therapies, with a focus on combination therapies, patient selection, procedural technique, periprocedural management, and outcomes. Our findings suggest that LRT combined with systemic therapies is a viable strategy for improving progression-free survival and time to progression for patients with intermediate-to-late-stage HCC. However, further investigation is required to refine treatment protocols and define patient cohorts that would benefit the most. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
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18 pages, 2629 KiB  
Review
Navigating Complex Challenges: Preoperative Assessment and Surgical Strategies for Liver Resection in Patients with Fibrosis or Cirrhosis
by Jennifer A. Kalil, Marc Deschenes, Hugo Perrier, Oran Zlotnik and Peter Metrakos
Biomedicines 2024, 12(6), 1264; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061264 - 6 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1139
Abstract
This review explores the intricacies of evaluating cirrhotic patients for liver resection while exploring how to extend surgical intervention to those typically excluded by the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) criteria guidelines by focusing on the need for robust preoperative assessment and innovative [...] Read more.
This review explores the intricacies of evaluating cirrhotic patients for liver resection while exploring how to extend surgical intervention to those typically excluded by the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) criteria guidelines by focusing on the need for robust preoperative assessment and innovative surgical strategies. Cirrhosis presents unique challenges and complicates liver resection due to the altered physiology of the liver, portal hypertension, and liver decompensation. The primary objective of this review is to discuss the current approaches in assessing the suitability of cirrhotic patients for liver resection and aims to identify which patients outside of the BCLC criteria can safely undergo liver resection by highlighting emerging strategies that can improve surgical safety and outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
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