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Biomedicines
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Development of Bone Anabolic Agents and Scaffolds for Improved Fracture...
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Development of Bone Anabolic Agents and Scaffolds for Improved Fracture Healing

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 3249

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Subhashis Pal

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
Interests: osteoimmunology; bone biology; fracture healing; immuno-oncology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

This Special Issue will mainly focus on new bone anabolic agent development and the use of different tissue scaffolds for improved fracture healing. 

Fracture healing is a complex biological process, triggered by trauma injury or in association with osteoporosis. Depending on its severity, location and patient bone quality, delayed, impaired or nonunion fracture healing can occur. Addressing these situations is extremely critical as they lead to reduced mobility, excessive pain, bone infections and bone deformities. Therefore, the development of bone anabolic agents and tissue scaffolds to improve fracture healing is an unmet medical need. In this issue, we are looking for research articles using novel bone anabolic agents and tissue scaffolds for fracture healing in relevant animal models. Human case studies related to novel approaches for nonunion fracture healing are also a topic of interest for this Special Issue. Current research indicates that probiotics and gut microbiomes could play a beneficial role in fracture healing. To move forward in this direction, articles focusing on the use of probiotics or the gut–fracture healing axis will be given special emphasis for this issue. 

Dr. Subhashis Pal
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bone anabolic agents
  • fracture healing
  • nonunion fracture
  • osteoblast
  • gut–bone axis for fracture healing
  • probiotics
  • osteoporotic fracture
  • tissue scaffold for fracture healing

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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23 pages, 7098 KiB  
Article
Anti-Microbial Drug Metronidazole Promotes Fracture Healing: Enhancement in the Bone Regenerative Efficacy of the Drug by a Biodegradable Sustained-Release In Situ Gel Formulation
by Shivali Duggal, Shivani Sharma, Nikhil Rai, Divya Chauhan, Vishal Upadhyay, Swati Srivastava, Konica Porwal, Chirag Kulkarni, Arun K. Trivedi, Jiaur R. Gayen, Prabhat R. Mishra, Naibedya Chattopadhyay and Subhashis Pal
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1603; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071603 - 18 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1260
Abstract
Nitroimidazoles comprise a class of broad-spectrum anti-microbial drugs with efficacy against parasites, mycobacteria, and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Among these drugs, metronidazole (MTZ) is commonly used with other antibiotics to prevent infection in open fractures. However, the effect of MTZ on bone [...] Read more.
Nitroimidazoles comprise a class of broad-spectrum anti-microbial drugs with efficacy against parasites, mycobacteria, and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Among these drugs, metronidazole (MTZ) is commonly used with other antibiotics to prevent infection in open fractures. However, the effect of MTZ on bone remains understudied. In this paper, we evaluated six nitroimidazole drugs for their impact on osteoblast differentiation and identified MTZ as having the highest osteogenic effect. MTZ enhanced bone regeneration at the femur osteotomy site in osteopenic ovariectomized (OVX) rats at the human equivalent dose. Moreover, in OVX rats, MTZ significantly improved bone mass and strength and improved microarchitecture compared to the vehicle-treated rats, which was likely achieved by an osteogenic mechanism attributed to the stimulation of the Wnt pathway in osteoblasts. To mitigate the reported neurological and genotoxic effects of MTZ, we designed an injectable sustained-release in situ gel formulation of the drug that improved fracture healing efficacy by 3.5-fold compared to oral administration. This enhanced potency was achieved through a significant increase in the circulating half-life and bioavailability of MTZ. We conclude that MTZ exhibits osteogenic effects, further accentuated by our sustained-release delivery system, which holds promise for enhancing bone regeneration in open fractures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Bone Anabolic Agents and Scaffolds for Improved Fracture Healing)
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12 pages, 2486 KiB  
Article
Targeted Delivery of Abaloparatide to Spinal Fusion Site Accelerates Fusion Process in Rats
by Jeffery J. Nielsen, Stewart A. Low, Christopher Chen, Xinlan Li, Ephraim Mbachu, Lina Trigg, Siyuan Sun, Madeline Tremby, Rahul Hadap and Philip S. Low
Biomedicines 2024, 12(3), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12030612 - 8 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1302
Abstract
Spinal fusions are performed to treat congenital skeletal malformations, spondylosis, degenerative disk diseases, and other pathologies of the vertebrae that can be resolved by reducing motion between neighboring vertebrae. Unfortunately, up to 100,000 fusion procedures fail per year in the United States, suggesting [...] Read more.
Spinal fusions are performed to treat congenital skeletal malformations, spondylosis, degenerative disk diseases, and other pathologies of the vertebrae that can be resolved by reducing motion between neighboring vertebrae. Unfortunately, up to 100,000 fusion procedures fail per year in the United States, suggesting that efforts to develop new approaches to improve spinal fusions are justified. We have explored whether the use of an osteotropic oligopeptide to target an attached bone anabolic agent to the fusion site might be exploited to both accelerate the mineralization process and improve the overall success rate of spinal fusions. The data presented below demonstrate that subcutaneous administration of a modified abaloparatide conjugated to 20 mer of D-glutamic acid not only localizes at the spinal fusion site but also outperforms the standard of care (topically applied BMP2) in both speed of mineralization (p < 0.05) and overall fusion success rate (p < 0.05) in a posterior lateral spinal fusion model in male and female rats, with no accompanying ectopic mineralization. Because the bone-localizing conjugate can be administered ad libitum post-surgery, and since the procedure appears to improve on standard of care, we conclude that administration of a bone-homing anabolic agent for improvement of spinal fusion surgeries warrants further exploration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development of Bone Anabolic Agents and Scaffolds for Improved Fracture Healing)
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