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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Biomarkers in Metabolic Disorders, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Biomarkers in Metabolic Disorders, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Metabolism Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1907

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maciej Walędziak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General, Oncological, Metabolic and Thoracic Surgery, Military Institute of Medicine—National Research Institute, Szaserów 128 St., 04-141 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: metabolic disorders; obesity; type 2 diabetes mellitus; bariatric surgery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Anna Maria Różańska-Walędziak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Human Physiology and Patophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: nutrition and supplementation after bariatric surgery; pregnancy after bariatric surgery; laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic disorders, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus have become global health problems in recent decades. The prevalence of obesity increases every year, and it is associated with a higher risk of developing co-morbidities, including cardiovascular disease, metabolic dysfunction, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, therefore becoming equivalent to metabolic syndrome. Adipose tissue cells release various mediators such as adipokines, cytokines, and chemokines, leading to chronic inflammatory process. Hyperglycemia, insulin tissue resistance, or abnormal lipid profiles are only some examples of metabolic changes in patients with obesity.

This Special Issue will include original research and in-depth reviews with the most recent insights into topics related to the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of metabolic changes in obesity; changes in laboratory parameters in patients with obesity and other metabolic disorders; and new preventive/therapeutic strategies for treating obesity and its co-morbidities.

Dr. Maciej Walędziak
Prof. Dr. Anna Maria Różańska-Walędziak
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolic disorders
  • obesity
  • type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • bariatric surgery
  • laboratory parameters

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 1153 KiB  
Article
Reference Interval for Glycated Albumin, 1,5-AG/GA, and GA/HbA1c Ratios and Cut-Off Values for Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
by Yusra Al-Lahham, Waldemar Volanski, Liana Signorini, Ademir Luiz do Prado, Glaucio Valdameri, Vivian Rotuno Moure, Marciane Welter, Alexessander C. Alves, Marcel Henrique Marcondes Sari, Fabiane Gomes de Moraes Rego and Geraldo Picheth
Biomedicines 2024, 12(12), 2651; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12122651 - 21 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Glycated albumin (GA) serves as a biomarker for short-term glycemic control (2–3 weeks), playing a role in diabetes management. Our goal was to establish reference intervals (RIs) for serum GA, and the ratios of 1,5-anhydroglucitol to GA (AGI) and GA to HbA1c [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Glycated albumin (GA) serves as a biomarker for short-term glycemic control (2–3 weeks), playing a role in diabetes management. Our goal was to establish reference intervals (RIs) for serum GA, and the ratios of 1,5-anhydroglucitol to GA (AGI) and GA to HbA1c in a Euro-Brazilian pediatric population (10 y, n = 299), adults (43.5 y; n = 290), and pregnant women (26 y, n = 406; 26.5 ± 3.1 gestation weeks). Methods: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was employed to determine RIs for type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children (n = 148) and adults (n = 81), type 2 diabetes (T2D, n = 283), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM, n = 177). Results: Both non-pregnant and pregnant women exhibited GA RIs of 10.0–13.3% and 10.6–14.7%, respectively. The AGI ratio varied from 1.2–4.3 in children, 0.9–3.6 in adults, and 0.8–3.1 in pregnant women. Meanwhile, the GA/HbA1c ratio ranged from 1.8–2.6 in children and adults to 2.3–3.6 in pregnant women. GA and AGI ratios accurately differentiated between T1D and T2D, demonstrating high sensitivity (>84%) and specificity (>97%), with AGI showing superior performance (AUC > 0.99). The GA/HbA1c ratio exhibited moderate discriminatory power (AUC > 0.733) but was less effective in distinguishing adult-onset T1D and T2D, suggesting its limited utility in certain groups. Conclusions: The proposed RIs are consistent with those of other Caucasian populations, affirming their relevance for Euro-Brazilian patients. The GA and AGI ratios emerge as valuable diagnostic tools for T1D and T2D, though their reduced sensitivity in diagnosing GDM warrants further investigation. Clinicians might leverage GA and AGI ratios for more tailored diabetes management, especially when HbA1c results are not optimal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers in Metabolic Disorders, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)
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15 pages, 2982 KiB  
Article
The Association between the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio and Body Mass among European Population with the Highest Proportion of Adults with Obesity: An Observational Follow-Up Study from Croatia
by Andrija Karačić, Ira Renko, Željko Krznarić, Sanja Klobučar and Ana-Marija Liberati Pršo
Biomedicines 2024, 12(10), 2263; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12102263 - 4 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: The phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the main constituents of the gut microbiota. An imbalance in the gut microbiota is a sign of dysbiosis, and the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio has been proposed to be a marker of it, especially in the context [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: The phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the main constituents of the gut microbiota. An imbalance in the gut microbiota is a sign of dysbiosis, and the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio has been proposed to be a marker of it, especially in the context of obesity. Since Croatia is the country with one of the highest obesity rates in Europe, a pilot observational study was conducted. The aim of the study was to investigate the validity of this potential biomarker in a methodological study using sample processing, DNA sequence analysis and characterization of recruited participants, including various health factors. Methods: A study involving Croatian population was conducted. Participants age, body weight, gender, health history and lifestyle factors were recorded. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. The F/B ratio was calculated and evaluated in the context of health factors. Statistical analysis was performed to detect the possible association of F/B ratio and excess body weight (kg) and possible impact of certain lifestyle factors. Results: No association between the F/B ratio and excess body weight (kg) was found. Excess body weight was significantly associated with higher age, male gender, and history of appendectomy. No significant health predictors of the F/B ratio were found, but weight gain was positively associated with a higher average F/B ratio. Conclusions: Although this study could not confirm the predictive value of the F/B ratio or any other phyla-related biomarker for excess body weight in the study population, it demonstrated interesting insights into the obesity-associated gut microbiota. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomarkers in Metabolic Disorders, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus)
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