Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 7715

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Dental Hygiene, Dongnam Health University, 50 Cheoncheon-ro 74-beon-gil, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16328, Republic of Korea
Interests: periodontitis; periodontal disease; systemic disease; periodontal–systemic interactions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a symptom of chronic bacterial infection, periodontal disease has a high prevalence rate, which not only endangers oral health but also has a close relationship with systemic diseases. In the past few decades, many studies have confirmed that periodontal disease is related to diabetes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory diseases, etc. Despite significant progress in the field, given that periodontitis is characteristic of different classes of disease, it is necessary to conduct in-depth studies on the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, the relationship between periodontal disease and other unrelated diseases, and the specific biological mechanisms of the interaction between periodontitis and systemic diseases. The purpose of this Special Issue is to explore the latest knowledge in the field of research on the association between periodontal disease and systemic disease. We welcome submissions of original research articles and review papers, including studies on the etiology, diagnosis, effects, treatment, and interactions of periodontitis.

Dr. Hye-Sun Shin
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1686 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Periodontal Disease, and Systemic Inflammation Biomarkers in an Adult Population
by Catalina Latorre Uriza, Nelly S. Roa, Juliana Velosa-Porras, Jean Carlos Villamil Poveda, Liliana Otero, Alvaro J. Ruiz and Francina María Escobar Arregoces
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1425; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071425 - 27 Jun 2024
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Abstract
A positive relationship has been reported between advanced periodontitis and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) measurement. The aim of this study was to investigate this relationship with parameters for periodontitis, such as PISA and systemic inflammation biomarkers. An observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. [...] Read more.
A positive relationship has been reported between advanced periodontitis and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) measurement. The aim of this study was to investigate this relationship with parameters for periodontitis, such as PISA and systemic inflammation biomarkers. An observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. A blood sample was collected from 75 subjects to analyze glucose, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, and cytokine values. Increased cIMT was found in 32% of the patients with fewer teeth. Patients with periodontitis had a larger periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) (p = 0.000) and had a 1.42-times-higher risk of having increased cIMT values compared to periodontally healthy individuals, though without a statistically significant association. Higher values in the left cIMT, IL-8, and TNF-α were found in men than in women with significant differences. In the multivariate analysis involving cytokines, age continues to be linked to increased cIMT values. INF-γ showed a trend towards a protective effect; as the IMT-M decreases, there is an increase in the expression of INF-γ, and a higher proportion of subjects with elevated INF-γ concentrations demonstrated normal IMT-C. This study did not find a statistically significant association between cIMT and periodontal disease, but the risk of having increased cIMT is 1.42-times higher for individuals with periodontitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease)
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Review

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20 pages, 2894 KiB  
Review
Oral Health Implications of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Literature Review
by Antonino Maniaci, Salvatore Lavalle, Riccardo Anzalone, Antonino Lo Giudice, Salvatore Cocuzza, Federica Maria Parisi, Filippo Torrisi, Giannicola Iannella, Federico Sireci, Gianluca Fadda, Mario Lentini, Edoardo Masiello and Luigi La Via
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1382; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071382 - 21 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2482
Abstract
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by repeated episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. While the systemic implications of OSA are well documented, the dental consequences are less frequently discussed yet equally [...] Read more.
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by repeated episodes of partial or complete obstruction of the upper airway during sleep. While the systemic implications of OSA are well documented, the dental consequences are less frequently discussed yet equally significant. This review aims to elucidate the oral health impacts of OSA, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary care. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across several databases to identify studies examining the relationship between OSA and various oral health parameters. The review included observational studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews published in English up to January 2024. Results: OSA was significantly associated with heightened risks of bruxism, dry mouth, periodontal disease, temporomandibular joint disorders, palatal and dental changes, and alterations in taste sensation. Mouth breathing associated with OSA was a critical factor in exacerbating xerostomia and dental caries. Furthermore, the systemic inflammation induced by OSA appeared to correlate with the severity of periodontal disease. Patients using oral appliance therapy for OSA also showed notable changes in dental occlusion and required ongoing dental monitoring. Conclusions: The findings underscore the bidirectional relationship between OSA and oral health, highlighting the need for dental professionals to be integral participants in the management of OSA. Early dental evaluation and intervention can contribute to the overall health and quality of life of individuals with OSA. The review advocates for the development of clinical guidelines to facilitate the early identification and management of OSA-related oral health issues within dental practice and encourages a collaborative approach to patient care. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease)
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13 pages, 256 KiB  
Review
Unlocking the Future of Periodontal Regeneration: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Tissue Engineering and Advanced Therapeutics
by Tsung-Hsi Huang, Jui-Yi Chen, Wei-Hsin Suo, Wen-Rou Shao, Chih-Ying Huang, Ming-Tse Li, Yu-Ying Li, Yuan-Hong Li, En-Lun Liang, Yu-Hsu Chen and I-Ta Lee
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1090; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051090 - 14 May 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3725
Abstract
Periodontal defects present a significant challenge in dentistry, necessitating innovative solutions for comprehensive regeneration. Traditional restoration methods have inherent limitations in achieving complete and functional periodontal tissue reconstruction. Tissue engineering, a multidisciplinary approach integrating cells, biomaterials, and bioactive factors, holds tremendous promise in [...] Read more.
Periodontal defects present a significant challenge in dentistry, necessitating innovative solutions for comprehensive regeneration. Traditional restoration methods have inherent limitations in achieving complete and functional periodontal tissue reconstruction. Tissue engineering, a multidisciplinary approach integrating cells, biomaterials, and bioactive factors, holds tremendous promise in addressing this challenge. Central to tissue engineering strategies are scaffolds, pivotal in supporting cell behavior and orchestrating tissue regeneration. Natural and synthetic materials have been extensively explored, each offering unique advantages in terms of biocompatibility and tunable properties. The integration of growth factors and stem cells further amplifies the regenerative potential, contributing to enhanced tissue healing and functional restoration. Despite significant progress, challenges persist. Achieving the seamless integration of regenerated tissues, establishing proper vascularization, and developing biomimetic scaffolds that faithfully replicate the natural periodontal environment are ongoing research endeavors. Collaborative efforts across diverse scientific disciplines are essential to overcoming these hurdles. This comprehensive review underscores the critical need for continued research and development in tissue engineering strategies for periodontal regeneration. By addressing current challenges and fostering interdisciplinary collaborations, we can unlock the full regenerative potential, paving the way for transformative advancements in periodontal care. This research not only enhances our understanding of periodontal tissues but also offers innovative approaches that can revolutionize dental therapies, improving patient outcomes and reshaping the future of periodontal treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Systemic Disease)
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