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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Immunoglobulins in Inflammation
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Immunoglobulins in Inflammation

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 29307

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Andreas Spittler

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Surgery and Core Facility Flow Cytometry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Interests: sepsis immunology; inflammation; monocytes; immunoglobulins; extracellular vesicles; flow cytometry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Immunoglobulins are essential components of the adaptive immune response and therefore play a prominent role in the defense against pathogens and inflammatory reactions.

The scope of the Special Edition “Immunoglobulins and Inflammation” should be divided into two parts. The first part has more or less an overview/review character, followed by a second part with original manuscripts.

First part—review articles: An overview of the physiology of immunoglobulins will be given. This is followed by a summary description of the pathophysiological significance, with special emphasis on immunoglobulin classes in various clinical situations. The transition to clinical use is initiated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy as a substitution treatment for various congenital or acquired disorders of antibody production. In this context, particular attention should be given to the use of immunoglobulins in adult and pediatric sepsis patients, including the discussion of the standard guidelines for the use of IVIG in these conditions.

Second part—original manuscripts: The aim is to submit original papers that investigate the influence of immunoglobulins on cells in an experimental cell culture environment. Furthermore, manuscripts that demonstrate the use of immunoglobulins in clinical practice are welcome. These include new insights in the use of IVIG therapy in sepsis, but also in other inflammatory diseases such as autoimmune diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis).

This Special Issue is jointly organized between IJMS and Biomedicines journals. According to the Aims and Scope of these journals, articles showing basic studies in biochemistry, molecular biology, and molecular medicine can be submitted to IJMS, while articles presenting more clinical content can be submitted to Biomedicines.

Assoc. Prof. Andreas Spittler
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • anti-inflammatory effects of IGs
  • endotoxin neutralizing effects
  • immunoglobulins in sepsis (adults, pediatrics)
  • immunoglobulins in neurological diseases

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Related Special Issues

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2596 KiB  
Article
Glycosylation Alterations in Multiple Sclerosis Show Increased Proinflammatory Potential
by Ana Cvetko, Domagoj Kifer, Olga Gornik, Lucija Klarić, Elizabeth Visser, Gordan Lauc, James F. Wilson and Tamara Štambuk
Biomedicines 2020, 8(10), 410; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8100410 - 13 Oct 2020
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 4716
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system (CNS), with unresolved aetiology. Previous studies have implicated N-glycosylation, a highly regulated enzymatic attachment of complex sugars to targeted proteins, in MS pathogenesis. We investigated individual variation in N-glycosylation of [...] Read more.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder affecting the central nervous system (CNS), with unresolved aetiology. Previous studies have implicated N-glycosylation, a highly regulated enzymatic attachment of complex sugars to targeted proteins, in MS pathogenesis. We investigated individual variation in N-glycosylation of the total plasma proteome and of IgG in MS. Both plasma protein and IgG N-glycans were chromatographically profiled and quantified in 83 MS cases and 88 age- and sex-matched controls. Comparing levels of glycosylation features between MS cases and controls revealed that core fucosylation (p = 6.96 × 10−3) and abundance of high-mannose structures (p = 1.48 × 10−2) were the most prominently altered IgG glycosylation traits. Significant changes in plasma protein N-glycome composition were observed for antennary fucosylated, tri- and tetrasialylated, tri- and tetragalactosylated, high-branched N-glycans (p-value range 1.66 × 10−2–4.28 × 10−2). Classification performance of N-glycans was examined by ROC curve analysis, resulting in an AUC of 0.852 for the total plasma N-glycome and 0.798 for IgG N-glycome prediction models. Our results indicate that multiple aspects of protein glycosylation are altered in MS, showing increased proinflammatory potential. N-glycan alterations showed substantial value in classification of the disease status, nonetheless, additional studies are warranted to explore their exact role in MS development and utility as biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunoglobulins in Inflammation)
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13 pages, 1570 KiB  
Article
Changes in Circulating Extracellular Vesicles in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Potential Effects of Remote Ischemic Conditioning—A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Paul M. Haller, Bernhard Jäger, Edita Piackova, Larissa Sztulman, Claudia Wegberger, Johann Wojta, Mariann Gyöngyösi, Attila Kiss, Bruno K. Podesser, Andreas Spittler and Kurt Huber
Biomedicines 2020, 8(7), 218; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8070218 - 16 Jul 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3507
Abstract
(1) Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as a cellular communication tool with cardioprotective properties; however, it is unknown whether cardioprotection by remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) involves EVs. (2) Methods: We randomized patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as a cellular communication tool with cardioprotective properties; however, it is unknown whether cardioprotection by remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) involves EVs. (2) Methods: We randomized patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) to additionally receive a protocol of RIC or a sham-intervention. Blood was taken before and immediately, 24 h, four days and one month after PCI. Additionally, we investigated EVs from healthy volunteers undergoing RIC. EVs were characterized by a high-sensitive flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter Cytoflex S, Krefeld, Germany). (3) Results: We analyzed 32 patients (16 RIC, 16 control) and five healthy volunteers. We investigated platelet-, endothelial-, leukocyte-, monocyte- and granulocyte-derived EVs and their pro-thrombotic sub-populations expressing superficial phosphatidylserine (PS+). We did not observe a significant effect of RIC on the numbers of circulating EVs, although granulocyte-derived EVs were significantly higher in the RIC group. In line, RIC had not impact on EVs in healthy volunteers. Additionally, we observed changes of PS+/PEV, EEVs and PS+/CD15+ EVs irrespective of RIC with time following STEMI. 4) Conclusion: We provide further insights into the course of different circulating EVs during the acute and sub-acute phases of STEMI. With respect to the investigated EV populations, RIC seems to have no effect, with only minor differences found for granulocyte EVs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunoglobulins in Inflammation)
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14 pages, 1873 KiB  
Article
Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers—Mirror Tools in Rheumatoid Arthritis
by Radu Răzvan Mititelu, Rodica Pădureanu, Manuela Băcănoiu, Vlad Pădureanu, Anca Oana Docea, Daniela Calina, Andreea Lili Barbulescu and Ana Maria Buga
Biomedicines 2020, 8(5), 125; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8050125 - 15 May 2020
Cited by 70 | Viewed by 5980
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease, associated with significant morbidity, mainly due to progressive damage and consequent disability. Oxidative stress is an important part of RA pathophysiology, as in autoimmune disease the interaction between immune response and endogenous/exogenous antigens subsequently [...] Read more.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease, associated with significant morbidity, mainly due to progressive damage and consequent disability. Oxidative stress is an important part of RA pathophysiology, as in autoimmune disease the interaction between immune response and endogenous/exogenous antigens subsequently induce the production of reactive oxygen species. The oxidative stress process seems to be positively strongly correlated with inflammation and accelerated joint destruction. We were asking ourselves if the oxidative stress biomarkers are the mirror tools of disease activity, outcome, and inflammation level in a group of RA patients under standard or biological therapy compared to healthy age-matched controls. In order to do this, the oxidative stress damage biomarkers (lipids peroxide and protein carbonyl level), antioxidant defense capacity, and pro-inflammatory status of plasma were quantified. In this study, we took into account the complete picture of RA diseases and assessed, for the first time, the inflammatory level in correlation with the oxidative stress level and antioxidant capacity of RA patients. Our results revealed that protein oxidation through carbonylation is significantly increased in RA groups compared to controls, and both protein carbonyl Pcarb and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) are reliable markers of ROS damage. Therefore, it is unanimous that neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PltLR) correlated with Pcarb, and TBARS can provide a view of the complex phenomenon represented by proteins/lipids damage, key contributors to disease outcome, and an increased awareness should be attributed to these biomarkers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunoglobulins in Inflammation)
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Review

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112 pages, 28087 KiB  
Review
Immunoglobulins or Antibodies: IMGT® Bridging Genes, Structures and Functions
by Marie-Paule Lefranc and Gérard Lefranc
Biomedicines 2020, 8(9), 319; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines8090319 - 31 Aug 2020
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 14357
Abstract
IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics® information system founded in 1989 by Marie-Paule Lefranc (Université de Montpellier and CNRS), marked the advent of immunoinformatics, a new science at the interface between immunogenetics and bioinformatics. For the first time, the immunoglobulin (IG) or [...] Read more.
IMGT®, the international ImMunoGeneTics® information system founded in 1989 by Marie-Paule Lefranc (Université de Montpellier and CNRS), marked the advent of immunoinformatics, a new science at the interface between immunogenetics and bioinformatics. For the first time, the immunoglobulin (IG) or antibody and T cell receptor (TR) genes were officially recognized as ‘genes’ as well as were conventional genes. This major breakthrough has allowed the entry, in genomic databases, of the IG and TR variable (V), diversity (D) and joining (J) genes and alleles of Homo sapiens and of other jawed vertebrate species, based on the CLASSIFICATION axiom. The second major breakthrough has been the IMGT unique numbering and the IMGT Collier de Perles for the V and constant (C) domains of the IG and TR and other proteins of the IG superfamily (IgSF), based on the NUMEROTATION axiom. IMGT-ONTOLOGY axioms and concepts bridge genes, sequences, structures and functions, between biological and computational spheres in the IMGT® system (Web resources, databases and tools). They provide the IMGT Scientific chart rules to identify, to describe and to analyse the IG complex molecular data, the huge diversity of repertoires, the genetic (alleles, allotypes, CNV) polymorphisms, the IG dual function (paratope/epitope, effector properties), the antibody humanization and engineering. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunoglobulins in Inflammation)
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