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Brain Sciences
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Biological, Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors Affecting Cognitive Function in Older...
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Biological, Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors Affecting Cognitive Function in Older Adults

A special issue of Brain Sciences (ISSN 2076-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Cognitive, Social and Affective Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 February 2025 | Viewed by 1516

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Grace J. Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Psychology, School of Behavioral Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
Interests: neuropsychology; cognitive aging; neurodegenerative disorders; dietary and other lifestyle factors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nicole M. Gatto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
2. Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
Interests: epidemiology; environmental health; lifestyle factors; gene–environment interactions; neurodegenerative disorders; cardiovascular disease; cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Older adults experience various changes in cognitive function, which can be caused by a combination of factors. Biologically based comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and neurodegenerative diseases, are significant contributors to cognitive decline in late adulthood. Psychological and social factors, including depression, anxiety, and social connectivity, along with behavioral factors such as diet and exercise, have also been shown to influence cognitive function in older adults.

Despite scientific advances in early detection and interventions, the number of older adults with dementia and other forms of cognitive impairment continues to grow, emphasizing the need for more effective primary prevention strategies. Therefore, this Special Issue focuses on studies examining the biological, psychosocial, and behavioral factors that impact cognitive function in older adults. Articles that advance our knowledge of both risk and protective factors are of interest. Research in this area could lead to recommendations related to the prevention of late adulthood-associated cognitive decline and disability. We welcome reports of observational and experimental studies, meta-analyses, and review articles.

Dr. Grace J. Lee
Dr. Nicole M. Gatto
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Brain Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cognitive decline
  • older adults
  • late adulthood
  • neurodegenerative disease
  • neurological disorders
  • risk factors
  • protective factors
  • psychological
  • social
  • biological

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 1768 KiB  
Article
Estimating the Impact of Aging on Visual Function Using Useful Field of View (UFOV) with a Focus on the Population of Gangwon-do in Korea
by Sang-Bin Na, Seong-Youl Choi, Da-Bin Jeon, Soo-Jin Moon and Jin-Keun Kim
Brain Sci. 2025, 15(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15010029 - 29 Dec 2024
Viewed by 658
Abstract
Background/Objectives: There is a need in Korea for research estimating the impact of aging using the Useful Field Of View (UFOV) test, which can evaluate visual function for elderly drivers. Methods: This observational study involved young people in their twenties and thirties, later-middle-aged [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: There is a need in Korea for research estimating the impact of aging using the Useful Field Of View (UFOV) test, which can evaluate visual function for elderly drivers. Methods: This observational study involved young people in their twenties and thirties, later-middle-aged people in their fifties or older, and elderly people 65 or older recruited from the Gangwon-do region. UFOV testing was conducted on the participants where the participants completed a questionnaire about general and driving-related characteristics. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to analyze the mean difference by age group, and a Pearson correlation analysis was carried out to evaluate the correlation between age and visual function. In addition, a simple linear regression analysis was conducted to verify UFOV subdomains that can confirm changes according to age increasing. Results: Findings after analyzing UFOV subtest differences by age group revealed significant differences in the visual function index of the young, later-middle-aged, and elderly in all three tests, and the difference between the later-middle-aged and old groups was only found in divided attention. The correlation between age and visual function was significant in all three subtests. And all three subtests were confirmed to be indicators that can verify changes according to increasing age. Conclusions: This study showed that visual function significantly decreases with age. Selective attention was confirmed as a visual function type that changes sensitively according to increasing age. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological, Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors Affecting Cognitive Function in Older Adults)
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13 pages, 1003 KiB  
Article
Age-Related Decline in Disengaging Spatial Attention in Physiological Aging
by Tiziana Pedale, Serena Mastroberardino, Nicola Tambasco and Valerio Santangelo
Brain Sci. 2025, 15(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15010006 - 24 Dec 2024
Viewed by 524
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Attention is a complex process involving various components such as alerting, orienting, and resolving conflicts. These components have been widely examined using the Attention Network Test (ANT), which has also been used to explore attentional decline associated with aging. However, discrepancies exist [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Attention is a complex process involving various components such as alerting, orienting, and resolving conflicts. These components have been widely examined using the Attention Network Test (ANT), which has also been used to explore attentional decline associated with aging. However, discrepancies exist in the literature regarding which specific aspects of attention are most impacted by aging. These inconsistencies could be due to methodological issues such as group comparisons that may exaggerate differences between groups while flattening subtle variations within groups. Methods: To address this issue, we administered the ANT to 60 healthy participants aged between 62 and 90 years. Using a multivariate regression analysis, we examined whether increasing age was associated with changes in alerting, orienting, and conflict resolution, while controlling for overall performance in terms of both reaction times and accuracy. Results: The results showed a general and age-insensitive decline in two of the three attentional components: the alerting effect, which was abolished, and a large conflict effect, which was present regardless of age. In contrast, the orienting of spatial attention was found to linearly increase with increasing age. More focused analyses revealed that the ability to shift attention from the central (initial) to the peripheral (target) location slowed down as a function of age. Conclusions: These results suggest that aging is associated with a greater difficulty in disengaging endogenous attention from the central, uninformative cue to direct attention on task-relevant peripheral targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological, Psychosocial and Behavioral Factors Affecting Cognitive Function in Older Adults)
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