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Cancers
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Cervical Cancer: Screening and Treatment in 2024
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Cervical Cancer: Screening and Treatment in 2024

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Causes, Screening and Diagnosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 11587

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Fabrice Lécuru

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Breast, Gynecology and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Institut Curie, Paris University, F-75005 Paris, France
Interests: gynaecologic and breast oncologic surgery
Dr. Benedetta Guani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Gynecologist, Departement of Gynecology, Cantonal Hospital of Fribourg HFR, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
Interests: cervical cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

With nearly 570,000 new cases per year and 310,000 deaths per year, cervical cancer remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in developing countries without widespread screening programs. Many cervical cancer patients are young and still in their childbearing years, emphasizing the crucial need for early diagnosis to enable fertility-sparing treatment.

In instances of locally advanced stages, ongoing research aims to optimize treatment approaches.

We are delighted to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue on Cervical Cancer.

This Special Issue intends to:

  1. Delve into primary and secondary screening, exploring indications and treatments for fertility preservation in 2024.
  2. Examine treatment modalities for early and locally advanced stages, with a focus on staging lymphadenectomy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapies.

We welcome original research articles and reviews in this Special Issue, encompassing research areas such as screening, fertility preservation in early stage cervical cancer patients, and treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer, including immunotherapy and targeted therapies.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Fabrice Lécuru
Dr. Benedetta Guani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cervical cancer
  • fertility sparing
  • screening
  • early stage cervical cancer
  • locally advanced cervical cancer
  • sentinel lymph node
  • staging lymphadenectomy
  • trachelectomy
  • immunotherapy in cervical cancer
  • target therapy in cervical cancer

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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46 pages, 32638 KiB  
Article
Revisiting Querleu–Morrow Radical Hysterectomy: How to Apply the Anatomy of Parametrium and Pelvic Autonomic Nerves to Cervical Cancer Surgery?
by Stoyan Kostov, Yavor Kornovski, Rafał Watrowski, Angel Yordanov, Stanislav Slavchev, Yonka Ivanova, Hakan Yalcin, Ivan Ivanov and Ilker Selcuk
Cancers 2024, 16(15), 2729; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16152729 - 31 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1830
Abstract
In 2008, Querleu and Morrow proposed a novel classification of radical hysterectomy, which was quickly accepted by the professional oncogynecological community. The Querleu and Morrow (Q–M) classification of radical hysterectomy has provided a unique opportunity for uniform surgical and anatomical terminology. The classification [...] Read more.
In 2008, Querleu and Morrow proposed a novel classification of radical hysterectomy, which was quickly accepted by the professional oncogynecological community. The Querleu and Morrow (Q–M) classification of radical hysterectomy has provided a unique opportunity for uniform surgical and anatomical terminology. The classification offers detailed explanations of anatomical landmarks and resection margins for the three parametria of the uterus. However, there are still some disagreements and misconceptions regarding the terminology and anatomical landmarks of the Q–M classification. This article aims to highlight the surgical anatomy of all radical hysterectomy types within the Q–M classification. It discusses and illustrates the importance of anatomical landmarks for defining resection margins of the Q–M classification and reviews the differences between Q–M and other radical hysterectomy classifications. Additionally, we propose an update of the Q–M classification, which includes the implementation of parauterine lymphovascular tissue, paracervical lymph node dissection, and Selective-Systematic Nerve-Sparing type C2 radical hysterectomy. Type D was modified according to current guidelines for the management of patients with cervical cancer. The detailed explanation of the surgical anatomy of radical hysterectomy and the proposed update may help achieve surgical harmonization and precise standardization among oncogynecologists, which can further facilitate accurate and comparable results of multi-institutional surgical clinical trials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cervical Cancer: Screening and Treatment in 2024)
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19 pages, 2357 KiB  
Article
High-Risk Genotypes of Human Papillomavirus at Diverse Anogenital Sites among Chinese Women: Infection Features and Potential Correlation with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
by Chao Zhao, Jiahui An, Mingzhu Li, Jingran Li, Yun Zhao, Jianliu Wang, Heidi Qunhui Xie and Lihui Wei
Cancers 2024, 16(11), 2107; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16112107 - 31 May 2024
Viewed by 1143
Abstract
Background: Both cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection at different anogenital sites, but the infection features of high-risk (HR) HPVs at these sites and their association with cervical lesions have not been well characterized. Given [...] Read more.
Background: Both cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) are associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection at different anogenital sites, but the infection features of high-risk (HR) HPVs at these sites and their association with cervical lesions have not been well characterized. Given the limitation of cervical HPV 16/18 test in screening patients with high-grade CIN (CIN 2+), studies on whether non-16/18 HR-HPV subtype(s) have potential as additional indicator(s) to improve CIN 2+ screening are needed. Methods: The infection of 15 HR-HPVs in vulva, anus, vagina, and cervix of 499 Chinese women was analyzed, and CIN lesion-associated HR-HPV subtypes were revealed. Results: In addition to the well-known cervical-cancer-associated HPV 16, 52, and 58, HPV 51, 53, and 56 were also identified as high-frequency detected subtypes prevalently and consistently present at the anogenital sites studied, preferentially in multi-infection patterns. HPV 16, 52, 58, 56, and 53 were the top five prevalent subtypes in patients with CIN 2+. In addition, we found that cervical HPV 33/35/52/53/56/58 co-testing with HPV 16/18 might improve CIN 2+ screening performance. Conclusion: This study provided a new insight into HR-HPV screening strategy based on different subtype combinations, which might be used in risk stratification clinically. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cervical Cancer: Screening and Treatment in 2024)
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17 pages, 1769 KiB  
Article
Immuno-Molecular Targeted Therapy Use and Survival Benefit in Patients with Stage IVB Cervical Carcinoma in Commission on Cancer®-Accredited Facilities in the United States
by Collin A. Sitler, Chunqiao Tian, Chad A. Hamilton, Michael T. Richardson, John K. Chan, Daniel S. Kapp, Charles A. Leath III, Yovanni Casablanca, Christina Washington, Nicole P. Chappell, Ann H. Klopp, Craig D. Shriver, Christopher M. Tarney, Nicholas W. Bateman, Thomas P. Conrads, George Larry Maxwell, Neil T. Phippen and Kathleen M. Darcy
Cancers 2024, 16(5), 1071; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16051071 - 6 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2049
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate IMT use and survival in real-world stage IVB cervical cancer patients outside randomized clinical trials. Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage IVB cervical cancer during 2013–2019 in the National Cancer Database and treated with chemotherapy (CT) ± external beam radiation (EBRT) [...] Read more.
Purpose: To investigate IMT use and survival in real-world stage IVB cervical cancer patients outside randomized clinical trials. Methods: Patients diagnosed with stage IVB cervical cancer during 2013–2019 in the National Cancer Database and treated with chemotherapy (CT) ± external beam radiation (EBRT) ± intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) ± IMT were studied. The adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for risk of death were estimated in patients treated with vs. without IMT after applying propensity score analysis to balance the clinical covariates. Results: There were 3164 evaluable patients, including 969 (31%) who were treated with IMT. The use of IMT increased from 11% in 2013 to 46% in 2019. Age, insurance, facility type, sites of distant metastasis, and type of first-line treatment were independently associated with using IMT. In propensity-score-balanced patients, the median survival was 18.6 vs. 13.1 months for with vs. without IMT (p < 0.001). The AHR was 0.72 (95% CI = 0.64–0.80) for adding IMT overall, 0.72 for IMT + CT, 0.66 for IMT + CT + EBRT, and 0.69 for IMT + CT + EBRT + ICBT. IMT-associated survival improvements were suggested in all subgroups by age, race/ethnicity, comorbidity score, facility type, tumor grade, tumor size, and site of metastasis. Conclusions: IMT was associated with a consistent survival benefit in real-world patients with stage IVB cervical cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cervical Cancer: Screening and Treatment in 2024)
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13 pages, 1686 KiB  
Systematic Review
Impact of Indocyanine Green Dose on Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping in Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review
by Joel Laufer, Santiago Scasso and Andrea Papadia
Cancers 2024, 16(17), 3107; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173107 - 8 Sep 2024
Viewed by 769
Abstract
Over the past decade, SLN mapping has become increasingly important in cervical cancer surgery. ICG is the most commonly used tracer due to its high bilateral detection rates, ease of use, and safety. However, there is no consensus on the optimal ICG dose, [...] Read more.
Over the past decade, SLN mapping has become increasingly important in cervical cancer surgery. ICG is the most commonly used tracer due to its high bilateral detection rates, ease of use, and safety. However, there is no consensus on the optimal ICG dose, leading to variability in outcomes. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of different ICG doses on SLN detection in early-stage cervical cancer, identifying the most effective and safe dose for clinical practice. A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed up to May 2024. Studies included assessed SLN mapping using ICG in stage IA2-IIA/IIB cervical cancer. Exclusions were applied to studies not reporting ICG dose or using multiple tracers without dose-specific results. Twelve studies were included, with ICG concentrations ranging from 0.25 mg/mL to 25 mg/mL and injection volumes from 1 to 10 mL. Overall SLN detection rates ranged from 88% to 100%, while bilateral detection rates varied between 74.1% and 98.5%. The most consistent results were obtained with an ICG concentration of 1.25 mg/mL and a 4 mL injection volume. In conclusion, an ICG concentration of 1.25 mg/mL with a 4 mL injection volume is recommended for effective SLN mapping in cervical cancer, achieving high detection rates with minimal variability. Standardizing this dose in clinical practice is suggested to improve reproducibility and outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cervical Cancer: Screening and Treatment in 2024)
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22 pages, 1059 KiB  
Systematic Review
Cervical Cancer Associated with Pregnancy: Current Challenges and Future Strategies
by Jennifer Le Guévelou, Lise Selleret, Enora Laas, Fabrice Lecuru and Manon Kissel
Cancers 2024, 16(7), 1341; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16071341 - 29 Mar 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3164
Abstract
Cancer during pregnancy is defined as a tumor diagnosed in a pregnant woman or up to 1-year post-partum. While being a rare disease, cervical cancer is probably one of the most challenging medical conditions, with the dual stake of treating the cancer without [...] Read more.
Cancer during pregnancy is defined as a tumor diagnosed in a pregnant woman or up to 1-year post-partum. While being a rare disease, cervical cancer is probably one of the most challenging medical conditions, with the dual stake of treating the cancer without compromising its chances for cure, while preserving the pregnancy and the health of the fetus and child. To date, guidelines for gynecological cancers are provided through international consensus meetings with expert panels, giving insights on both diagnosis, treatment, and obstetrical care. However, these expert guidelines do not discuss the various approaches than can be found within the literature, such as alternative staging modalities or innovative surgical approaches. Also, the obstetrical care of women diagnosed with cervical cancer during pregnancy requires specific considerations that are not provided within our current standard of care. This systematic review aims to fill the gap on current issues with regards to the management of cervical cancer during pregnancy and provide future directions within this evolving landscape. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cervical Cancer: Screening and Treatment in 2024)
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