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Cancers
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Clinical Epidemiology and Risk Prediction for Gastrointestinal Cancers
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Clinical Epidemiology and Risk Prediction for Gastrointestinal Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 July 2025 | Viewed by 6279

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Holli Loomans-Kropp

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Cancer Prevention & Control, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
Interests: precision prevention; chemoprevention; colorectal cancer; epigenetics; cancer risk factors; inflammation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Globally, gastrointestinal cancers continue to be a substantial public health burden. Of these, only colorectal cancer has population-based screening recommendations (e.g., colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and FOBT/FIT). Endoscopic surveillance for esophageal cancer is suggested for those at increased risk, but other gastrointestinal cancers lack these recommendations. Therefore, a better understanding of who may be at increased risk, and the factors that contribute to this risk, are necessary to improve cancer detection at earlier stages. This is particularly important for gastrointestinal cancers, where there is (1) limited understanding of risk and (2) poor outcomes. This Special Issue of Cancers will explore innovative techniques in clinical epidemiology, as well as novel methods to predict risk for gastrointestinal cancers. We welcome original research and reviews. 

Dr. Holli Loomans-Kropp
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gastrointestinal cancers
  • genetic risk
  • polygenic risk scores
  • exposome
  • lifestyle risk factors
  • biomarkers
  • chemoprevention

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1238 KiB  
Article
Association between Gastric Cancer and Osteoporosis: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study Using a National Health Sample Cohort
by Kyeong Min Han, Mi Jung Kwon, Joo-Hee Kim, Ji Hee Kim, Woo Jin Bang, Hyo Geun Choi, Dae Myoung Yoo, Na-Eun Lee, Nan Young Kim and Ho Suk Kang
Cancers 2024, 16(13), 2291; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16132291 - 21 Jun 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1007
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) survivors may be more likely to develop osteoporosis. However, few studies on the relationship between GC and osteoporosis have been conducted on large patient populations. We aimed to determine the incidence of osteoporosis and identify related factors by comparing patients [...] Read more.
Gastric cancer (GC) survivors may be more likely to develop osteoporosis. However, few studies on the relationship between GC and osteoporosis have been conducted on large patient populations. We aimed to determine the incidence of osteoporosis and identify related factors by comparing patients with GC and matched controls using the Korean National Health Insurance Service—National Sample Cohort (KNHIS-NSC). This study included 9078 patients with GC and 36,312 controls (1:4 propensity score-matched for sex, age, residence, and income). The hazard ratio (HR) for osteoporosis was significantly greater for GC patients than for controls according to Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score-adjusted models (adjusted HR = 1.13). Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that the cumulative incidence of osteoporosis during the follow-up period commencing from the index date was significantly greater in GC patients than in the controls (p = 0.0087). A positive correlation of osteoporosis with GC was detected for those aged < 65 years, males, and those with CCI scores = 0. In conclusion, the study findings suggest that men with GC aged < 65 years may be at an increased risk for osteoporosis. Research into additional risk factors and the optimal timing of interventions are needed to prevent fractures and minimize bone loss in GC survivors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Epidemiology and Risk Prediction for Gastrointestinal Cancers)
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12 pages, 2770 KiB  
Article
The National Burden of Colorectal Cancer in the United States from 1990 to 2019
by Saqr Alsakarneh, Fouad Jaber, Azizullah Beran, Mohammad Aldiabat, Yazan Abboud, Noor Hassan, Mohamed Abdallah, Thaer Abdelfattah, Laith Numan, Wendell Clarkston, Mohammad Bilal and Aasma Shaukat
Cancers 2024, 16(1), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16010205 - 1 Jan 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3591
Abstract
CRC accounts for approximately a tenth of all cancer cases and deaths in the US. Due to large differences in demographics among the different states, we aim to determine trends in the CRC epidemiology and across different states, age groups, and genders. CRC [...] Read more.
CRC accounts for approximately a tenth of all cancer cases and deaths in the US. Due to large differences in demographics among the different states, we aim to determine trends in the CRC epidemiology and across different states, age groups, and genders. CRC rates, age-adjusted to the standard US population, were obtained from the GBD 2019 database. Time trends were estimated as annual percentage change (APC). A pairwise comparison was conducted between age- and gender-specific trends using the tests of parallelism and coincidence. Age-specific trends were also assessed in two age subgroups: younger adults aged 15–49 years and older adults aged 50–74 years. We also analyzed the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and DALYs in the US between 1990 and 2019. A total of 5.53 million patients were diagnosed with CRC in the US between 1990 and 2019. Overall, CRC incidence rates have significantly increased in younger adults (11.1 per 100,000 persons) and decreased in older adults (136.8 per 100,000 persons) (AAPC = 1.2 vs. −0.6; AAPC difference = 1.8, p < 0.001). Age-specific trends were neither identical (p < 0.001) nor parallel (p < 0.001), suggesting that CRC incidence rates are different and increasing at a greater rate in younger adults compared to older adults. However, for both men and women (49.4 and 35.2 per 100,000 persons), incidence rates have decreased over the past three decades at the same rate (AAPC = −0.5 vs. −0.5; AAPC difference = 0, p = 0.1). Geographically, the southern states had the highest mortality rates with Mississippi having the highest rate of 20.1 cases per 100,000 population in 2019. Massachusetts, New York, and the District of Colombia had the greatest decreases in mortality over the study period (−42.1%, −41.4%, and −40.9%). Decreased mortality was found in all states except Mississippi, where the mortality of CRC increased over the study period (+1.5%). This research provides crucial insights for policymakers to tailor resource allocation, emphasizing the dynamic nature of CRC burden across states and age groups, ultimately informing targeted strategies for prevention and intervention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Epidemiology and Risk Prediction for Gastrointestinal Cancers)
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Review

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11 pages, 820 KiB  
Review
Kill Two Birds with One Stone? The Effect of Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Decreased Prevalence of Gastric Cancer and Colorectal Cancer
by Yang-Che Kuo, Hung-Ju Ko, Lo-Yip Yu, Shou-Chuan Shih, Horng-Yuan Wang, Ying-Chun Lin and Kuang-Chun Hu
Cancers 2024, 16(22), 3881; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16223881 - 20 Nov 2024
Viewed by 376
Abstract
The connection between microbial infections and tumor formation is notably exemplified by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and its association with gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). While early studies hinted at a link between H. pylori and colorectal neoplasms, comprehensive retrospective cohort [...] Read more.
The connection between microbial infections and tumor formation is notably exemplified by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and its association with gastric cancer (GC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). While early studies hinted at a link between H. pylori and colorectal neoplasms, comprehensive retrospective cohort studies were lacking. Recent research indicates that individuals treated for H. pylori infection experience a significant reduction in both CRC incidence and mortality, suggesting a potential role of this infection in malignancy development. Globally, H. pylori prevalence varies, with higher rates in developing countries (80–90%) compared to developed nations (20–50%). This infection is linked to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and GC, highlighting the importance of understanding its epidemiology for public health interventions. H. pylori significantly increases the risk of non-cardia GC. Some meta-analyses have shown a 1.49-fold increased risk for colorectal adenomas and a 1.70-fold increase for CRC in infected individuals. Additionally, H. pylori eradication may lower the CRC risk, although the relationship is still being debated. Although eradication therapy shows promise in reducing GC incidence, concerns about antibiotic resistance pose treatment challenges. The role of H. pylori in colorectal tumors remains contentious, with some studies indicating an increased risk of colorectal adenoma, while others find minimal association. Future research should investigate the causal mechanisms between H. pylori infection and colorectal neoplasia, including factors like diabetes, to better understand its role in tumor formation and support widespread eradication efforts to prevent both gastric and colorectal cancers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Epidemiology and Risk Prediction for Gastrointestinal Cancers)
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17 pages, 7274 KiB  
Review
Gastric Epithelial Polyps: Current Diagnosis, Management, and Endoscopic Frontiers
by Diego Reyes-Placencia, Elisa Cantú-Germano, Gonzalo Latorre, Alberto Espino, Glòria Fernández-Esparrach and Leticia Moreira
Cancers 2024, 16(22), 3771; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16223771 - 8 Nov 2024
Viewed by 727
Abstract
Polyps are defined as luminal lesions that project into the mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract and are characterized according to their morphological and histological features [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Epidemiology and Risk Prediction for Gastrointestinal Cancers)
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