Mechanisms of Therapy Resistance in Lung Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Cancer Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2024) | Viewed by 4231

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
2. Medical Oncology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
Interests: non-small cell lung cancer; immunotherapy; therapy resistance; special populations; thymic epithelial tumors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, titled "Mechanisms of Therapy Resistance in Lung Cancer", delves into the intricate landscape of personalized therapy for lung cancer, with a keen focus on understanding and overcoming mechanisms of resistance. Lung cancer treatment has evolved significantly, with personalized approaches emerging as a cornerstone. This Special Issue emphasizes the challenges posed by therapy resistance that hinder the effectiveness of treatments like immunotherapy and targeted therapy. Personalized therapy tailors treatment strategies to individual patients based on their tumors' genetic, molecular, and immunological characteristics. Immunotherapy has revolutionized lung cancer treatment by leveraging the immune system to combat cancer cells. However, a critical concern is the development of resistance, where tumors become less responsive to immunotherapeutic interventions. This Special Issue delves into the underlying mechanisms driving such resistance, be it through immune evasion, microenvironment alterations, or tumor cell heterogeneity. Similarly, targeted therapy, which aims to inhibit specific molecular drivers of cancer growth, is confronted by the emergence of resistance mechanisms. These may arise due to mutations, alterations in signaling pathways, or clonal evolution of tumor cells. The collection of articles in this Special Issue sheds light on the intricate molecular and cellular processes that enable tumors to evade targeted treatments, providing insights into potential strategies to overcome or prevent resistance.Finally, the subtle divergence between the oncogene and non-oncogene-addicted disease underlines the growing importance of other aspects such as clinical conditions, body composition, and comedications.  This Special Issue aims to enhance our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying therapy resistance in lung cancer by gathering research from diverse perspectives. The goal is to inform the development of innovative therapeutic approaches that can surmount these challenges and improve patient outcomes. 

Dr. Andrea De Giglio
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • lung cancer
  • immunotherapy
  • targeted therapy
  • resistance mechanisms
  • oncogene-addicted
  • non-oncogene addicted

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 9054 KiB  
Article
Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Early Alterations Associated with Intrinsic Resistance to Targeted Therapy in Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Lines
by Mario Perez-Medina, Jose S. Lopez-Gonzalez, Jesus J. Benito-Lopez, Santiago Ávila-Ríos, Maribel Soto-Nava, Margarita Matias-Florentino, Alfonso Méndez-Tenorio, Miriam Galicia-Velasco, Rodolfo Chavez-Dominguez, Sergio E. Meza-Toledo and Dolores Aguilar-Cazares
Cancers 2024, 16(13), 2490; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16132490 - 8 Jul 2024
Viewed by 3857
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent form of lung cancer, and drug resistance poses a significant obstacle in its treatment. This study aimed to investigate the overexpression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as a mechanism that promotes intrinsic resistance in tumor cells from [...] Read more.
Lung adenocarcinoma is the most prevalent form of lung cancer, and drug resistance poses a significant obstacle in its treatment. This study aimed to investigate the overexpression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as a mechanism that promotes intrinsic resistance in tumor cells from the onset of treatment. Drug-tolerant persister (DTP) cells are a subset of cancer cells that survive and proliferate after exposure to therapeutic drugs, making them an essential object of study in cancer treatment. The molecular mechanisms underlying DTP cell survival are not fully understood; however, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been proposed to play a crucial role. DTP cells from lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were obtained after single exposure to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs; erlotinib or osimertinib). After establishing DTP cells, RNA sequencing was performed to investigate the differential expression of the lncRNAs. Some lncRNAs and one mRNA were overexpressed in DTP cells. The clinical relevance of lncRNAs was evaluated in a cohort of patients with lung adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). RT–qPCR validated the overexpression of lncRNAs and mRNA in the residual DTP cells and LUAD biopsies. Knockdown of these lncRNAs increases the sensitivity of DTP cells to therapeutic drugs. This study provides an opportunity to investigate the involvement of lncRNAs in the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that underlie intrinsic resistance. The identified lncRNAs and CD74 mRNA may serve as potential prognostic markers or therapeutic targets to improve the overall survival (OS) of patients with lung cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mechanisms of Therapy Resistance in Lung Cancer)
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