Stem Cell Transplantation on Multiple Myeloma

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Transplant Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 6 January 2025 | Viewed by 1232

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Biochemical Research Institution, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
Interests: stem cell transplantation; lymphoma; myeloma; acute leukemia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite a remarkable increase in effective treatment options, multiple myeloma (MM) still remains mostly incurable. Nevertheless, the survival of patients diagnosed with MM has significantly improved over the last few years, although outcome may be poor with a median overall survival (OS) of only 2–3 years in subgroups of patients with higher-stage and high-risk cytogenetics.

Allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) may help to achieve long-term progression-free survival (PFS) and offers a potentially curative option due to a graft-versus-myeloma effect. However, alloSCT remains controversial because of considerable toxicity, especially due to immunosuppression and subsequent infections, the risk of graft-versus-host disease, and thus a potentially high non-relapse mortality.

In our retrospective multicenter nation-wide study in Korea, the median OS was 32.5 months, and the median PFS was 10.0 months. Survival was significantly better in patients with response to previous therapies than in those with progressive disease. Moreover, survival of patients achieving deep response after alloSCT was significantly prolonged compared to less obtaining of response. This study suggests that alloSCT in the context of novel immunotherapeutic approaches may enable long-term survival in a carefully selected subgroup with acceptable toxicity and achievement of CR after alloSCT is an important predictor of prolonged survival.

Dr. Ho-Jin Shin
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 275 KiB  
Article
Stem Cell Mobilization Performed with Different Doses of Cytarabine in Plasma Cell Myeloma Patients Relapsing after Previous Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation—A Multicenter Report by the Polish Myeloma Study Group
by Joanna Drozd-Sokołowska, Anna Waszczuk-Gajda, Magdalena Topczewska, Martyna Maciejewska, Magdalena Dutka, Jan Maciej Zaucha, Anna Szmigielska-Kapłon, Mateusz Nowicki, Magdalena Olszewska-Szopa, Agnieszka Szeremet, Anna Czyż, Magdalena Kozioł, Marek Hus, Joanna Mańko, Iwona Hus, Joanna Romejko-Jarosińska, Anna Kopińska, Grzegorz Helbig, Krzysztof Mądry, Piotr Boguradzki, Małgorzata Król, Emilian Snarski, Patrick J. Hayden, Krzysztof Jamroziak, Jadwiga Dwilewicz-Trojaczek and Grzegorz Władysław Basakadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Cancers 2024, 16(14), 2588; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16142588 - 19 Jul 2024
Viewed by 818
Abstract
Salvage autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) may be used to treat relapse of plasma cell myeloma occurring after previous auto-HCT. When an insufficient number of hematopoietic stem cells have been stored from the initial harvest, remobilization is necessary. Here, we aimed to analyze [...] Read more.
Salvage autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) may be used to treat relapse of plasma cell myeloma occurring after previous auto-HCT. When an insufficient number of hematopoietic stem cells have been stored from the initial harvest, remobilization is necessary. Here, we aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of different doses of cytarabine (total 800 vs. 1600 vs. 2400 mg/m2) for remobilization. Sixty-five patients, 55% male, with a median age at remobilization 63 years, were included. Remobilization was performed with cytarabine_800 in 7, cytarabine_1600 in 36, and cytarabine_2400 in 22 patients. Plerixafor rescue was used in 25% of patients receiving cytarabine_1600 and 27% of those receiving cytarabine_2400. Patients administered cytarabine_800 were not rescued with plerixafor. Remobilization was successful in 80% of patients (57% cytarabine_800; 86% cytarabine_1600; 77% cytarabine_2400; p = 0.199). The yield of collected CD34+ cells did not differ between the different cytarabine doses (p = 0.495). Patients receiving cytarabine_2400 were at the highest risk of developing severe cytopenias, requiring blood product support, or having blood-stream infections. One patient died of septic shock after cytarabine_2400. In summary, remobilization with cytarabine is feasible in most patients. All doses of cytarabine allow for successful remobilization. Cytarabine_2400 is associated with higher toxicity; therefore, lower doses (800 or 1600 mg/m2) seem to be preferable. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cell Transplantation on Multiple Myeloma)
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