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Cancers
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Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Cirrhosis
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Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Cirrhosis

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 February 2022) | Viewed by 8650

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Michele Valmasoni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Esophageal Diseases, Clinica Chirurgica 3, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, Padova University Hospital, 35128 Padova, Italy.
Interests: esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal diseases, upper gastrointestinal oncology, surgical oncology, minimally invasive esophagogastric surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Patients with liver cirrhosis have an increased risk of extrahepatic cancers, but life expectancy of cirrhotic patients has increased thanks to antiviral drugs and liver transplantation. Today, cancer and not liver disease, could be the survival limiting factor.

Liver cirrhosis is also a major limit to cancer therapy, because of impaired hepatic function and greatly increased surgical risk. Management of these patients is demanding, needs involvement of a multidisciplinary team, and requires careful calculation of the risk-benefit ratio.

This Special Issue of Cancers addresses the relations between upper gastrointestinal cancer and liver cirrhosis. We invite experts to submit research articles and reviews on all aspects of the complex management of these patients.

Dr. Michele Valmasoni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • esophageal cancer
  • gastric cancer
  • pancreatic cancer
  • biliary cancer
  • risk factors
  • liver failure
  • bleeding
  • chemotherapy toxicity
  • ascites
  • surgery complications

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 561 KiB  
Article
Risk of Second Primary Malignancies among Patients with Early Gastric Cancer Exposed to Recurrent Computed Tomography Scans
by Tae Jun Kim, Yeong Chan Lee, Yang Won Min, Hyuk Lee, Byung-Hoon Min, Jun Haeng Lee, Hong-Hee Won, Kyoung Doo Song, Woo Kyoung Jeong and Jae J. Kim
Cancers 2021, 13(5), 1144; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13051144 - 7 Mar 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2544
Abstract
Although computed tomography (CT) scans are very useful for identification or surveillance of malignancy, they are also associated with the risk of cancer caused by ionizing radiation. We investigated the risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) after frequent abdominopelvic CT scans in a [...] Read more.
Although computed tomography (CT) scans are very useful for identification or surveillance of malignancy, they are also associated with the risk of cancer caused by ionizing radiation. We investigated the risk of second primary malignancies (SPMs) after frequent abdominopelvic CT scans in a cohort of Korean patients with early gastric cancer (EGC). We performed a cohort study of 11,072 patients who underwent resection for EGC at Samsung Medical Center and validated the results using data from 7908 patients in a Korean National Health Insurance Service cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for intra-abdominal SPM. During 43,766.5 person-years of the follow-up at our center, 322 patients developed intra-abdominal SPMs. Patients who underwent receiving >8 abdominopelvic CT scans had a significantly greater risk of developing SPM (HR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.66–4.50; p < 0.001) than those who had with ≤8 scans. For each additional abdominopelvic CT scan, the adjusted HR for SPM was 1.09 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03–1.14). Similar results were observed in the Korean National Health Insurance Service cohort (adjusted HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.07–1.22). Significantly elevated risk of SPM was still observed when considering a 2-year latency period (adjusted HR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.37–4.48) and a 3-year latency period (adjusted HR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.06–4.47). Frequent abdominopelvic CT scans are associated with an elevated risk of SPMs after the treatment of EGC. Thus, physicians need to weigh carefully the clinical benefits of CT examinations against the potential risks of radiation exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Cirrhosis)
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11 pages, 640 KiB  
Article
Statin Use Decreases the Risk of Metachronous Gastric Cancer in Patients without Helicobacter pylori Infection
by Tae Jin Kwon, Tae Jun Kim, Hyuk Lee, Yang Won Min, Byung-Hoon Min, Jun Haeng Lee and Jae J. Kim
Cancers 2021, 13(5), 1020; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13051020 - 1 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1906
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that statins reduce the risk of gastric cancer; however, their role has not been adequately studied in patients without Helicobacterpylori infection. We aimed to investigate whether statins reduced the risk of metachronous gastric cancer (GC) in H. pylori [...] Read more.
Previous studies have shown that statins reduce the risk of gastric cancer; however, their role has not been adequately studied in patients without Helicobacterpylori infection. We aimed to investigate whether statins reduced the risk of metachronous gastric cancer (GC) in H. pylori-negative patients who underwent endoscopic resection for early gastric cancer (EGC). Retrospective data of 2153 patients recruited between January 2007 and December 2016, with no H. pylori infection at baseline, who underwent resection for EGC, were analyzed. Metachronous GC was defined as a newly developed GC at least 1 year after endoscopic resection. Patients who used statins for at least 28 days during the follow-up period were considered as statin users. During a median follow-up of 5 years (interquartile range, 3.5–6.2), metachronous GC developed in 165 (7.6%) patients. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, statin use was an independent factor associated with GC recurrence (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.26–0.82). Moreover, the risk of GC reduced with increasing duration (<3 years: HR 0.40, 95% CI 0.14–1.13; ≥3 years: HR 0.21, 95% CI 0.05–0.90; p trend = 0.011) and the dose of statin (cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) < 500: HR 0.45, 95% CI 0.16–1.28; cDDD ≥ 500: HR 0.19, 95% CI 0.04–0.80; p trend = 0.008) in the propensity score-matched cohort. Statin use was associated with a lower risk of GC recurrence in H. pylori-negative patients with resected EGC in a dose-response relationship. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Cirrhosis)
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Review

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15 pages, 354 KiB  
Review
Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Cirrhosis
by Kuo-Shyang Jeng, Chiung-Fang Chang, I-Shyan Sheen, Chi-Juei Jeng and Chih-Hsuan Wang
Cancers 2022, 14(9), 2269; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14092269 - 2 May 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3416
Abstract
The extended scope of upper gastrointestinal cancer can include esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. A higher incidence rate of gastric cancer and esophageal cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis has been reported. It is attributable to four possible causes which exist [...] Read more.
The extended scope of upper gastrointestinal cancer can include esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. A higher incidence rate of gastric cancer and esophageal cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis has been reported. It is attributable to four possible causes which exist in cirrhotic patients, including a higher prevalence of gastric ulcers and congestive gastropathy, zinc deficiency, alcohol drinking and tobacco use and coexisting gut microbiota. Helicobacter pylori infection enhances the development of gastric cancer. In addition, Helicobacter pylori, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans also contribute to the development of pancreatic cancer in cirrhotic patients. Cirrhotic patients (especially those with alcoholic liver cirrhosis) who undergo liver transplantation have a higher overall risk of developing de novo malignancies. Most de novo malignancies are upper gastrointestinal malignancies. The prognosis is usually poor. Considering the surgical risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer among those with liver cirrhosis, a radical gastrectomy with D1 or D2 lymph node dissection can be undertaken in Child class A patients. D1 lymph node dissection can be performed in Child class B patients. Endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric cancer or esophageal cancer can be undertaken safely in selected cirrhotic patients. In Child class C patients, a radical gastrectomy is potentially fatal. Pancreatic radical surgery should be avoided in those with liver cirrhosis with Child class B or a MELD score over 15. The current review focuses on the recent reports on some factors in liver cirrhosis that contribute to the development of upper gastrointestinal cancer. Quitting alcohol drinking and tobacco use is important. How to decrease the risk of the development of gastrointestinal cancer in those with liver cirrhosis remains a challenging problem. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Cirrhosis)
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