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Photocatalysts for Efficient Removal of Dyes from Industrial Effluents: Prospects...
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Photocatalysts for Efficient Removal of Dyes from Industrial Effluents: Prospects and Challenges

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Photocatalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 8645

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Viorica Pârvulescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department Chemistry of Surface and Catalysis, “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: catalysts and catalytic processes; synthesis of nanomaterials and mesoporous oxide, composite and hybrid materials; immobilization on support of transitional metals, enzymes and organometallic complexes; characterization of materials (scanning electron microscopy-SEM, UV-Vis spectroscopy, IR coupled adsorption-desorption, gas permeation); catalytic oxidation in gas and liquid phase; photocatalysis; phase transfer catalysis; catalysis on membranes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Veronica Brǎtan

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department Chemical Kinetics, “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: heterocatalytic oxidation; UV Vis spectroscopy/optical characterization; semiconductor metal oxides; photocatalysis; depollution; adsorption mechanism
Dr. Daniela Negoescu

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Department Chemical Kinetics, “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: photocatalysts; composites; carbonaceous nanomaterials; photodegradation; dye; water pollutant; environmental

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Photocatalysis is a promising green, clean and environmentally friendly technology with low energy consumption developed in recent years for the treatment of industrial wastewater. Organic dyes constitute one of the largest groups of wastewater pollutants. The synergistic effects of adsorption and visible light catalysis significantly enhance the removal of dyes. In this regard, various environmentally friendly materials have been synthesized possessing unique benefits such as superior efficiency and selectivity, good recyclability, a low cost and stability for the efficient photodegradation of organic dye species by advanced oxidation processes.

This Special Issue will focus on photocatalysts for the efficient removal of dyes from industrial effluents. The perspectives and challenges generated by various photocatalytic materials, dyes and mechanisms of degradation processes will be evaluated. Thus, the synergic effect of dye adsorption on the efficiency of various high-surface-area photocatalysts such as semiconductors, supported metals/oxides, composites and carbonaceous and hybrid mesoporous materials will be evidenced. The properties of the polluting dyes from industrial effluents and their degradation mechanisms in conditions of various photocatalysts and light irradiations along with the future prospects of highly adsorptive photocatalytic materials and their application in the photocatalytic removal of dyes from wastewater will be evidenced as well.

Prof. Dr. Viorica Parvulescu
Dr. Veronica Brǎtan
Dr. Daniela Negoescu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • photocatalysts
  • semiconductors
  • composites
  • carbonaceous nanomaterials
  • hybrid photocatalysts
  • dye removal
  • advanced wastewater treatments
  • adsorption
  • photocatalytic degradation
  • synergistic effect

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 4722 KiB  
Article
Iron Promoted TiO2-Activated Carbon Nanocomposites for Photocatalytic Degradation of Congo Red in Water
by Daniela Negoescu, Veronica Bratan, Mihaela Gherendi, Irina Atkinson, Daniela C. Culita, Andreea Neacsu, Adriana Baran, Simona Petrescu and Viorica Parvulescu
Catalysts 2024, 14(12), 844; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14120844 - 22 Nov 2024
Abstract
Nanocomposites containingTiO2 and activated carbon were obtained by the sol-gel method in the presence of Brij 58 surfactant. The sample with a higher surface area (185.6 m2/g) was promoted with Fe by impregnating it with aqueous solution of Fe(NO3 [...] Read more.
Nanocomposites containingTiO2 and activated carbon were obtained by the sol-gel method in the presence of Brij 58 surfactant. The sample with a higher surface area (185.6 m2/g) was promoted with Fe by impregnating it with aqueous solution of Fe(NO3)3. The obtained iron loadings, measured using X-ray fluorescence, were 0.83%, 3.30% and 7.17%. TiO2 anatase was identified in all the samples by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, but the presence of iron oxides could not be detected. However, infrared spectroscopy indicated the existence of Fe-O and Fe-O-Ti bonds. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the presence of Fe2+ for samples with a lower Fe content and a mixture of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the sample with 7.17% Fe. UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy showed the presence of carbon and Fe alongside TiO2. This combination led to new properties due to the generation of intermediate energy levels and defects, contributing to an enhancement in the photocatalytic performance. The highest photodegradation efficiency of Congo red in solution (84.46%) was obtained for the sample with 7.17% Fe under visible light irradiation and acidic conditions. The synergistic contribution of dye adsorption and photodegradation was demonstrated, taking into account ZPC values of nanocomposites. Kinetic studies were completed with reaction mechanisms based on the results obtained in the presence of scavengers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalysts for Efficient Removal of Dyes from Industrial Effluents: Prospects and Challenges)
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14 pages, 4411 KiB  
Article
Catalytic Activity of Zn(II) Coordination Polymer Based on a Cyclotriphosphazene-Functionalized Ligand for Removal of Organic Dyes
by Ayşen Orhan Erkovan, Azam Seifi, Burcu Topaloğlu Aksoy, Yunus Zorlu, Alireza Khataee and Bünyemin Çoşut
Catalysts 2023, 13(4), 756; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040756 - 15 Apr 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1892
Abstract
The 3D Zn(II) coordination polymer {[Zn3(L)(4,4′-bpy)]}n (GTU-3) was prepared with a novel hexapod-shaped molecular building block, hexakis(methyl-2-(4-phenoxyphenyl)acetatebenzene) cyclotriphosphazene (H6L1) by solvothermal reaction in dimethylformamide (DMF). Zn(II) coordination polymer was characterized by FTIR, thermal analysis, SEM-EDX, BET, [...] Read more.
The 3D Zn(II) coordination polymer {[Zn3(L)(4,4′-bpy)]}n (GTU-3) was prepared with a novel hexapod-shaped molecular building block, hexakis(methyl-2-(4-phenoxyphenyl)acetatebenzene) cyclotriphosphazene (H6L1) by solvothermal reaction in dimethylformamide (DMF). Zn(II) coordination polymer was characterized by FTIR, thermal analysis, SEM-EDX, BET, powder X-ray diffraction analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. GTU-3 consists of six crystallographically independent Zn2+ ions, two fully deprotonated cyclophosphazene-based ligands, and two 4,4′-bipyridines (4,4′-bpy). In the complex, the flexible multisite cyclotriphosphazene bridging ligand (H6L) was completely deprotonated. GTU-3 exhibited relatively good catalytic activity toward Rhodamine B (RhB) removal in aqueous solution. A 0.4 g/L amount of GTU-3 could degrade the 10 mg/L solution of RhB up to 76.5% in the presence of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) oxidant in 1 h. The kinetic studies showed that the degradation process followed pseudo-first-order kinetic. By extending the degradation time to 5 h, the degradation efficiency reached 95.3%. Under the same conditions, Methylene Blue (MB) and Acid Red 17 (AR17) dyes were degraded by 86.2% and 52.8%, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalysts for Efficient Removal of Dyes from Industrial Effluents: Prospects and Challenges)
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23 pages, 23264 KiB  
Article
Photocatalytic Performance of Sn–Doped TiO2 Nanopowders for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye
by Luminița Predoană, Elena Mădălina Ciobanu, Gabriela Petcu, Silviu Preda, Jeanina Pandele-Cușu, Elena Maria Anghel, Simona Viorica Petrescu, Daniela Cristina Culiță, Adriana Băran, Vasile-Adrian Surdu, Bogdan Ștefan Vasile and Adelina C. Ianculescu
Catalysts 2023, 13(3), 534; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13030534 - 6 Mar 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2186
Abstract
The tin-doped TiO2 powders obtained by sol-gel and microwave-assisted sol-gel methods were investigated. The synthesis took place in a basic medium (pH 10, ammonium hydroxide, 25%) starting from tetrabutyl orthotitanate in its parental alcohol. In the case of the dopant, Tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate [...] Read more.
The tin-doped TiO2 powders obtained by sol-gel and microwave-assisted sol-gel methods were investigated. The synthesis took place in a basic medium (pH 10, ammonium hydroxide, 25%) starting from tetrabutyl orthotitanate in its parental alcohol. In the case of the dopant, Tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate as SnO2 precursor was used in the amount of 1, 2, or 4 mol % SnO2. Based on thermal analysis data, the powders were thermally treated in air, at 500 °C. The comparative investigation of the structure and morphology of the nanopowders annealed at 500 °C was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy with selected area electron diffraction (HRTEM/SAED), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) coupled with EDX mapping, Fourier transmission infrared (FTIR), UV–Vis, Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray florescence spectroscopy (XRF). The obtained materials were tested for the photocatalytic removal of methyl orange dye from aqueous solutions. High degradation efficiencies (around 90%) were obtained by Sn doping after 3 h of UV light irradiation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalysts for Efficient Removal of Dyes from Industrial Effluents: Prospects and Challenges)
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Review

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25 pages, 4978 KiB  
Review
Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue in Carbon Nanotubes: A Review with Bibliometric Analysis
by Dahiana-Michelle Osorio-Aguilar, Hugo-Albeiro Saldarriaga-Noreña, Mario-Alfonso Murillo-Tovar, Josefina Vergara-Sánchez, Jeannete Ramírez-Aparicio, Lorena Magallón-Cacho and María-Luisa García-Betancourt
Catalysts 2023, 13(12), 1480; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13121480 - 29 Nov 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2771
Abstract
Wastewater-containing dyes are an environmental problem. The prime source of dye pollutants is the textile industry, such as paper manufacturing, food processing, leather, pigments, etc. Dye removal from wastewater using nanotechnology has received attention in recent decades thanks to efficient nanomaterials improving traditional [...] Read more.
Wastewater-containing dyes are an environmental problem. The prime source of dye pollutants is the textile industry, such as paper manufacturing, food processing, leather, pigments, etc. Dye removal from wastewater using nanotechnology has received attention in recent decades thanks to efficient nanomaterials improving traditional technologies. In recent years, multiple research reports on carbon nanotubes for dye removal and photocatalytic dye degradation provided substantial insight into the comprehension of nanotechnology and remediation. This work presents a review and bibliometric analysis of carbon nanotubes for dye removal and photocatalytic dye degradation, which have an environmental impact today. The bibliometric study showed that the current research tendency on carbon nanotubes applied in dye removal and photocatalysis is still growing. According to research, this work observed that carbon nanotubes for dye removal exhibit high removal and efficient photocatalysis activity, indicating the functionality of nanotechnology for environmental remediation. The analysis of the parameters involved in the removal studies, such as temperature and pH, showed adsorption behavior. The photodegradation of methylene blue demonstrated the photocatalytic activity of carbon nanotubes attributed to the sp2 lattice of graphitic configuration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalysts for Efficient Removal of Dyes from Industrial Effluents: Prospects and Challenges)
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