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Catalysts
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Microflow (Bio)Catalysis
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Microflow (Bio)Catalysis

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2022) | Viewed by 11705

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ana Jurinjak Tušek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: microfluidics; biotransfomations; mathematical modeling; optimization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Anita Šalić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: biocatalysis; microfluidics; enzyme kinetic; bioprocess engineering and development
Dr. Davor Valinger

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: microfluidics; biotransfomations; mathematical modeling; process automatisation
Prof. Dr. Bruno Zelić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: microreactors and microdevices; biodiesel; biogas; downstream processes; solid state fermentation; fermentation; enzymes; enzyme kinetics; mathematical modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of the sustainable (bio)catalytic process includes research regarding (bio)catalyst selection and optimization, process conditions selection and optimization, as well as the reactor system selection and optimization. To achieve desirable productivity all three steps are equally important. Selected (bio)catalyst has to efficiently accept substrate, preferably under mild conditions (for example, ambient temperature, pressure, pH) and insure maximum product yield. Moreover, selected reactor system has to ensure simple process control.

Over the years, researchers showed numerous advantages of using microscale reactor systems for (bio)catalytic processes. Miniaturization of reaction space ensures time, space, and, moreover, costs reduction and ensures high volume productivities while operating in continuous mode. According to available literature, over 70% of fine chemical production processes would improve by continuous operation mode and for more than 50% of them microfluidic system would be the most suitable reactor system. The micro dimension of channels (dimeters under a millimeter in size) ensure numerous advantages over traditionally used macro reactor, for example: (i) use of small chemical and (bio)catalysts quantities, (ii) large surface to volume ratio (beneficial for extraction processes, as well as for the (bio)catalytic processes), (iii) efficient heat and mass transfer, (iv) predominantly laminar flow rate (Re<100), (v) possibility of performing single or multiphase reactions, etc. All listed advantages provide continuous substrate(s) and (bio)catalyst fed and continues products removal to prevents possible inhibitions. Moreover, to achieve sustainable (bio)catalytic process in a microfluidic device (bio)catalyst immobilization for their repeated usage was also introduced.

Furthermore, important aspect of research in field of microfluidic (bio)catalytic processes is also focused on application of simple or complex mathematical models. An efficient and reliable mathematical model includes hydrodynamics and kinetics of the process thus ensuring precise prediction of process productivity and allows the reduction of necessary experiments.

Based on everything previously stated, this Special Issue welcomes papers in area of:

  • Microfluidic devices for (bio)catalytic processes;
  • Flow description and control in microfluidic devices;
  • Biotransformation’s with enzymes or whole cells;
  • (Bio)catalyst immobilization in microfludic systems;
  • Application of green solvents for (bio)catalysis in microfluidic systems;
  • Process optimization;
  • Multi-enzyme cascades and process integration;
  • Kinetic studies and mathematical modeling;
  • On-line monitoring of (bio)catalysis in microfluidic systems.

Dr. Ana Jurinjak Tušek
Dr. Anita Šalić
Dr. Davor Valinger
Prof. Dr. Bruno Zelić
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • (bio)catalysis in microfluidics
  • hydrodynamics
  • (bio)catalyst immobilization
  • process optimization
  • mathematical modeling
  • on-line monitoring of processes

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 3860 KiB  
Article
Photocatalytic Transformations of the Resveratrol Derivative in Microflow Reactor
by Milena Mlakić, Anabela Ljubić, Anita Šalić, Bruno Zelić, Ottó Horváth, Valentina Milašinović, Martin Gojun, Krešimir Molčanov and Irena Škorić
Catalysts 2022, 12(12), 1510; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12121510 - 24 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1298
Abstract
A simple and efficient protocol is utilized for the transformation studies of a thiophene analog of E-resveratrol by photocatalytic oxygenation using an anionic and a cationic free-base porphyrin, as well as their manganese(III) complexes. The starting substrate was chosen as a representative [...] Read more.
A simple and efficient protocol is utilized for the transformation studies of a thiophene analog of E-resveratrol by photocatalytic oxygenation using an anionic and a cationic free-base porphyrin, as well as their manganese(III) complexes. The starting substrate was chosen as a representative of heterostilbenes with proven good antioxidant activity. The experiments were carried out in two photoreactor types (batch and microflow reactor) to investigate the impact of the reactor type and design on conversion and photoproduct composition. NMR spectroscopy and UHPLC/MS analyses were applied for the identification and quantification of four photoproducts (Z-1, 2, 3, and 4), results of isomerization, dimerization, cyclization, and oxygenation. Different yields of photoproducts were obtained in a batch reactor and microflow reactor. In the experiments performed in a microflow reactor, Z-1 was most dominant because it was constantly removed from the reaction mixture. Therefore, the formation of other products (2, 3, 4, and undefined) whose precursor is Z-1 was avoided. This was not the case in the experiments performed in a batch reactor. Additionally, all the reactions tested were significantly accelerated in a microflow reactor, making it the preferred reactor type and design for the photocatalytic transformation of resveratrol derivative. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microflow (Bio)Catalysis)
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Review

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25 pages, 1146 KiB  
Review
A Systematic Review of Enzymatic Kinetics in Microreactors
by Tea Sokač Cvetnić, Anita Šalić, Maja Benković, Tamara Jurina, Davor Valinger, Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić, Bruno Zelić and Ana Jurinjak Tušek
Catalysts 2023, 13(4), 708; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040708 - 7 Apr 2023
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3679
Abstract
Microreactors have become an efficient tool for many enzymatic reactions because the laminar fluid flow within the microchannel enables precise process control, rapid mixing, and short residence time. This paper provides a systematic overview of the application of reaction kinetics and the mathematical [...] Read more.
Microreactors have become an efficient tool for many enzymatic reactions because the laminar fluid flow within the microchannel enables precise process control, rapid mixing, and short residence time. This paper provides a systematic overview of the application of reaction kinetics and the mathematical modeling of enzymatic processes in microreactors. Rapid heat and mass transfer and a high surface-to-volume ratio are usually the reasons why reactions in microchannels proceed faster and with higher yields and productivity compared to conventional macroreactors. Since there are no radial diffusion limitations, microreactors are also an effective tool for determining the kinetic parameters of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. By eliminating the mass transfer effect on the reaction rate, the kinetics estimated in the microreactor are closer to the intrinsic kinetics of the reaction. In this review, the advantages and disadvantages of using microreactors are highlighted and the potential of their application is discussed. Advances in microreactors result in process intensification and more efficient biocatalytic processes in line with the advantages offered by the application of microreactors, such as (i) higher yields, (ii) a cleaner and improved product profile, (iii) scale-independent synthesis, (iv) increased safety, and (v) the constant quality of the output product through (vi) accelerated process development. Furthermore, microreactors are an excellent tool for kinetic studies under specified mass transfer conditions, enhancing the capabilities of other methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microflow (Bio)Catalysis)
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29 pages, 3323 KiB  
Review
Application of Spectroscopy Techniques for Monitoring (Bio)Catalytic Processes in Continuously Operated Microreactor Systems
by Tamara Jurina, Tea Sokač Cvetnić, Anita Šalić, Maja Benković, Davor Valinger, Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić, Bruno Zelić and Ana Jurinjak Tušek
Catalysts 2023, 13(4), 690; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13040690 - 31 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3100
Abstract
In the last twenty years, the application of microreactors in chemical and biochemical industrial processes has increased significantly. The use of microreactor systems ensures efficient process intensification due to the excellent heat and mass transfer within the microchannels. Monitoring the concentrations in the [...] Read more.
In the last twenty years, the application of microreactors in chemical and biochemical industrial processes has increased significantly. The use of microreactor systems ensures efficient process intensification due to the excellent heat and mass transfer within the microchannels. Monitoring the concentrations in the microchannels is critical for a better understanding of the physical and chemical processes occurring in micromixers and microreactors. Therefore, there is a growing interest in performing in-line and on-line analyses of chemical and/or biochemical processes. This creates tremendous opportunities for the incorporation of spectroscopic detection techniques into production and processing lines in various industries. In this work, an overview of current applications of ultraviolet–visible, infrared, Raman spectroscopy, NMR, MALDI-TOF-MS, and ESI-MS for monitoring (bio)catalytic processes in continuously operated microreactor systems is presented. The manuscript includes a description of the advantages and disadvantages of the analytical methods listed, with particular emphasis on the chemometric methods used for spectroscopic data analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microflow (Bio)Catalysis)
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21 pages, 1355 KiB  
Review
Biocatalysis as a Green Approach for Synthesis of Iron Nanoparticles—Batch and Microflow Process Comparison
by Maja Benković, Davor Valinger, Tamara Jurina, Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić and Ana Jurinjak Tušek
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 112; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010112 - 4 Jan 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2930
Abstract
There is a growing need for production of iron particles due to their possible use in numerous systems (e.g., electrical, magnetic, catalytic, biological and others). Although severe reaction conditions and heavy solvents are frequently used in production of nanoparticles, green synthesis has arisen [...] Read more.
There is a growing need for production of iron particles due to their possible use in numerous systems (e.g., electrical, magnetic, catalytic, biological and others). Although severe reaction conditions and heavy solvents are frequently used in production of nanoparticles, green synthesis has arisen as an eco-friendly method that uses biological catalysts. Various precursors are combined with biological material (such as enzymes, herbal extracts, biomass, bacteria or yeasts) that contain chemicals from the main or secondary metabolism that can function as catalysts for production of nanoparticles. In this work, batch (“one-pot”) biosynthesis of iron nanoparticles is reviewed, as well as the possibilities of using microfluidic systems for continuous biosynthesis of iron nanoparticles, which could overcome the limitations of batch synthesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microflow (Bio)Catalysis)
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