The Circadian Rhythm Research in Infants and Young Children

A special issue of Clocks & Sleep (ISSN 2624-5175). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Basic Research & Neuroimaging".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2025 | Viewed by 1032

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Child Development, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
Interests: sleep–wake rhythms; infancy; circadian rhythm biological clock

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The human circadian rhythm biological clock (CRBC) center, formed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, has important functions that control not only sleep–wake rhythms but also so-called life-support systems (e.g., the autonomic nervous system, hormone secretion, and thermoregulation). It is reported that its development begins during fetal life and is almost complete by the age of infancy to early childhood. The formation of the CRBC during fetal life is influenced by the daily rhythm of the mother during pregnancy, and after birth, the daily rhythm of the child is deeply involved in the formation of the CRBC as a basis. Furthermore, it is known that the completed circadian rhythm affects the maintenance of human mental/physical health almost throughout one’s life. Therefore, the formation of an appropriate CRBC from fetal life to infancy is extremely important for mental/physical health and happiness throughout one’s life. With this as a background, we have planned this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Teruhisa Miike
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • circadian rhythm biological clock
  • sleep–wake rhythms
  • fetus
  • pregnant mother
  • suprachiasmatic nucleus
  • infancy
  • early childhood

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 1421 KiB  
Article
Sex Differences in Sleep and Physical Activity Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder
by Véronique-Aurélie Bricout, Sandro Covain, Jacob Paterno and Michel Guinot
Clocks & Sleep 2024, 6(4), 764-776; https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep6040049 - 18 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Physical activity (PA) programs have been found to result in improved sleep in males with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but little is known about the female characteristics. The aim of this work was to assess sex differences in sleep and PA indices using [...] Read more.
Physical activity (PA) programs have been found to result in improved sleep in males with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but little is known about the female characteristics. The aim of this work was to assess sex differences in sleep and PA indices using an accelerometer over 7 days and 7 nights. Sleep and PA variables were measured with questionnaires and with accelerometry in twenty-four children with ASD (16 boys, 10.3 ± 2.8; 8 girls, 11.1 ± 3.9). Some significant differences were reported between girls and boys. The total time in bed and wake time after sleep onset (WASO) were significantly higher in girls compared to boys (p < 0.01), whereas sleep efficiency was significantly lower in girls (p < 0.01). The results obtained from the sleep questionnaire (CSHQ) show averages above the threshold of 41 in both groups (the threshold indicates the presence of sleep disorders or low sleep quality). The number of daily steps was significantly lower in the girls’ group (p < 0.01), and the PA volume for vigorous and strong vigorous intensities was significantly higher in the boys’ group (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Our results show major alterations in girls, with a low level of PA and sleep alteration. PA is a relevant non-pharmacological approach to improve sleep quality and achieve sufficient sleep duration. However, particularly for girls with ASD, more personalized approaches to improve sleep may be needed to manage specific associated disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Circadian Rhythm Research in Infants and Young Children)
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8 pages, 220 KiB  
Communication
Are the Sleep–Wake Cycle and Sleep Duration Ethnically Determined? A Comparison of Tibetan and Japanese Children’s Sleep
by Ping Su, Masako Taniike, Yuko Ohno and Ikuko Mohri
Clocks & Sleep 2024, 6(4), 682-689; https://doi.org/10.3390/clockssleep6040046 - 12 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background: Several environmental factors affect sleep. We investigated the sleep and sleep-related habits of preschool children living in Tibet and conducted an international comparison with those in Japan. Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study using the Chinese version of the Japanese Sleep [...] Read more.
Background: Several environmental factors affect sleep. We investigated the sleep and sleep-related habits of preschool children living in Tibet and conducted an international comparison with those in Japan. Methods: We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study using the Chinese version of the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for Preschoolers (JSQ-P-C) and compared the results with previous data on Japanese children. Results: The sleep status of 3113 children aged 3–6 years old in Qinghai province was evaluated. The average wake time and bedtime of the Tibetan children were 7:20 ± 0:31 and 21:16 ± 0:43, respectively. Their mean nocturnal sleep duration was 10.0 ± 0.7 h. In comparing 3-year-old children, the time for which they viewed TV in Tibet was shorter (65.5 ± 44.6 min) than that in Japan (149.7 ± 76.6 min), and the mother’s bedtime was earlier in Tibet (21:28 ± 2:14) than in Japan (23:20 ± 1:05). However, the bedtime and sleep duration of the Tibetan children (21:17 ± 0:37 and 10.0 ± 0.7 h) were fairly similar to those of the Japanese children (21:24 ± 1:57 and 9.8 ± 0.8 h). Conclusions: The late bedtime and short nocturnal sleep duration of Tibetan toddlers were the same as those of Japanese toddlers despite considerable differences in their lifestyle and environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Circadian Rhythm Research in Infants and Young Children)
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