Sustainable Coatings for Functional Textile and Packaging Materials

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Functional Polymer Coatings and Films".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2025 | Viewed by 16740

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Textile Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
Interests: nanocoatings; TiO2; textiles; surfaces; functional coatings; finishes
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Guest Editor
Department of Textiles, Graphic Arts and Design, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
Interests: natural fibers; paper fibers; textile fibers; packaging materials; bio-based materials; fiber analysis; sustainability
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, 02150 Espoo, Finland
Interests: microplastics; sustainability; fast fashion; domestic washing; textile chemistry; UN-SDGs; environmentally friendly; green chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Textiles and packaging are considered highly polluting materials, not only during their production but also after their effective use. To date, textiles and packaging are used in many advanced and functional applications, i.e., oil-water separation [1], durable flame-retardant textiles [2], sound insulation materials [3], biocomposites for packaging [4,5], indoor decontamination [6,7], antibacterial textiles [8–10], multifunctional textiles [11], wrinkle-resistant textiles, breathable textiles, textiles with anti-UV properties, etc. [12]. There is huge potential to develop these textile and packaging materials sustainably. One of the most effective and economical ways to impart functionality to a textile or packaging material is to coat its surface. The surface coating of textile and packaging materials makes them functional while retaining their basic properties of fineness and fitness. However, due to recent Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) regulations coming in at an EU level as well as the NYC Fashion Policies, it is essential that these coatings are sustainable while being functional. Thus, keeping this aim, this Special issue welcomes the topics of sustainable coating for textiles and packaging for:

  • Indoor decontamination;
  • Antibacterial or anti-odor;
  • Self-cleaning;
  • Photocatalytic oxidation;
  • Food packaging;
  • Water repellent coatings;
  • Oil-water separation;
  • Flame retardant;
  • Anti-UV;
  • Self-healing.

We welcome authors to address these new and innovative topics to fill the research gap.

Reference

  1. Coatings 2020, 10, 943, https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100943.
  2. Coatings 2020, 10, 124, https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10020124.
  3. J. of Fiber Bioengineering and Inform. 2015, 8, 645-656, https://doi.org/10.3993/jfbim00170.
  4. J. of Polymer Science 2019, 8732520, https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8732520.
  5. Processes 2019, 7, 583, https://doi.org/10.3390/pr7090583.
  6. J. of Nanotechnology 2015, 2015, 104142, https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/104142.
  7. Int. Nano Letters 2017, 7, 1-7, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-016-0194-7.
  8. J. of Chemistry 2018, 2018, 4845687, https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4845687.
  9. J. Nanomater. Biostruct 2015, 10, 1019-1024, https://chalcogen.ro/1019_Ullah.pdf.
  10. Materials Focus 2016, 5, 216-221, https://doi.org/10.1166/mat.2016.1317.
  11. Surface Review and Letters 2016, 23, 1650036, https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218625X16500360.
  12. Surface Review and Letters 2016, 23, 1650003, https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218625X16500037.

Dr. Hafeezullah Memon
Dr. Urska Vrabic-Brodnjak
Dr. Aravin Prince Periyasamy
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3660 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Effectiveness of Novel Repellent Labels Produced from Invasive Plant Species
by Klemen Možina, Zala Mavrič and Urška Vrabič-Brodnjak
Coatings 2024, 14(5), 642; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050642 - 19 May 2024
Viewed by 1033
Abstract
Although N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) remains the most effective repellent against mosquitoes and ticks, concerns about skin irritation, rashes, and neurological problems in children have driven the search for natural alternatives. The aim of this research was to develop, manufacture, and test prototype stickers derived [...] Read more.
Although N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) remains the most effective repellent against mosquitoes and ticks, concerns about skin irritation, rashes, and neurological problems in children have driven the search for natural alternatives. The aim of this research was to develop, manufacture, and test prototype stickers derived from invasive plant species in Europe. These labels contained a coating with encapsulated repellents made from essential oils to protect against mosquito bites and similar blood-sucking insects. Six samples of invasive plant species in Europe such as Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica), goldenrod (Solidago gigantea), and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) were coated with two essential oil mixtures (of geranium, lavender, and eucalyptus) and were encapsulated on solid carriers for prolonged evaporation. Analysis of the structural properties (weight, thickness, density, and specific volume) were carried out on the coated label samples. Analysis of surface properties (roughness and porosity), capillary absorption, and a comparison of time and evaporation of essential oils were also carried out. Scanning electron microscopy was performed on the samples and the solid carrier with different mixtures of essential oils. The Japanese knotweed sample, coated with a blend of geranium, lavender, and eucalyptus essential oils, showed the highest efficacy and stability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Coatings for Functional Textile and Packaging Materials)
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18 pages, 5917 KiB  
Article
Effects of Wet and Dry Treatments on Surface Functional Groups and Mechanical Properties of Flax Fiber Composites
by Ghane Moradkhani, Jacopo Profili, Mathieu Robert, Gaétan Laroche and Saïd Elkoun
Coatings 2023, 13(6), 1036; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13061036 - 2 Jun 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3285
Abstract
Flax fibers have found widespread use in eco-composite materials because of their remarkable mechanical properties compared to glass fibers. However, their low stability limits their use on a larger scale when employed in hot or humid environments. Therefore, the surfaces should be modified [...] Read more.
Flax fibers have found widespread use in eco-composite materials because of their remarkable mechanical properties compared to glass fibers. However, their low stability limits their use on a larger scale when employed in hot or humid environments. Therefore, the surfaces should be modified before the composite process to provide the best interfacial interactions and increase the dispersion of natural fibers. To tackle this problem, two kinds of modifications can be considered: wet and dry modifications. This research explores different methods to improve the adhesion between flax fibers and the poly lactic acid (PLA) polymer. Morphological and chemical modifications in the presence of acetone, alkali (as a wet modification), and with air atmospheric pressure plasma (as a dry modification) are compared in this research. The results revealed that altering the chemical characteristics on the surface significantly changed the mechanical properties of the final composite. More specifically, the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data indicate that wax-related peaks (2850 and 2920 cm−1) were eliminated by both wet and dry treatments. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results also highlighted that a better bond between the flax fibers and the PLA matrix is obtained with the plasma modification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Coatings for Functional Textile and Packaging Materials)
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15 pages, 8013 KiB  
Article
Facile Fabrication of Robust and Fluorine-Free Superhydrophobic PDMS/STA-Coated Cotton Fabric for Highly Efficient Oil-Water Separation
by Daibin Tang and Enzhou Liu
Coatings 2023, 13(5), 954; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13050954 - 19 May 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2004
Abstract
Oil–water separation using special wettability materials has received much attention due to its low energy consumption and high separation efficiency. Herein, a fluorine-free superhydrophobic cotton fabric (PDMS/STA-coated cotton fabric) was successfully prepared by a simple impregnation method using hydroxyl-capped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-OH), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), [...] Read more.
Oil–water separation using special wettability materials has received much attention due to its low energy consumption and high separation efficiency. Herein, a fluorine-free superhydrophobic cotton fabric (PDMS/STA-coated cotton fabric) was successfully prepared by a simple impregnation method using hydroxyl-capped polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-OH), tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), and stearic acid (STA) as precursors. The investigation found that the cross-linking reactions between the hydroxyl groups of PDMS-OH and hydrolyzed TEOS enabled a strong interaction between PDMS-OH and cotton fabric. Furthermore, a suitable roughness surface of coated cotton fabric was established by introducing STA due to its long chain structure. The contact angle of this composite can reach 158.7° under optimal conditions due to its low surface energy and desired roughness. The oil/water separation efficiency of PDMS/STA-coated cotton fabric is higher than 90% even after 10 cycles of oil–water separation, and the oil flux can reach 11862.42 L m−2 h−1. In addition, PDMS/STA-coated cotton fabric exhibits excellent chemical stability and durability under extreme conditions such as strong acid (HCl, pH = 1~2) and alkali (NaOH, pH = 13~14), and the hydrophobicity of PDMS/STA-coated cotton fabric was decreased to 147° after 300 cycles of abrasion testing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Coatings for Functional Textile and Packaging Materials)
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15 pages, 4832 KiB  
Article
Spectral Characterization and Identification of Natural and Regenerated Leather Based on Hyperspectral Imaging System
by Qijin Hou, Xiaoke Jin, Yingjie Qiu, Zeya Zhou, Huifang Zhang, Jingjing Jiang, Wei Tian and Chengyan Zhu
Coatings 2023, 13(2), 450; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020450 - 16 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2252
Abstract
Currently, the methods to identify leather materials have limitations, and identifying natural leather types is also relatively complex. In this research, the microstructures of four types of mammalian leathers (cattle leather, pig leather, sheep leather, and deer leather), three kinds of reptilian leathers [...] Read more.
Currently, the methods to identify leather materials have limitations, and identifying natural leather types is also relatively complex. In this research, the microstructures of four types of mammalian leathers (cattle leather, pig leather, sheep leather, and deer leather), three kinds of reptilian leathers (crocodile leather, lizard leather, and snake leather) and regenerated leather were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The spectral curves (from 900 to 1700 nm) of these leather samples were extracted using a hyperspectral imaging system, and their spectral characteristics were analyzed. A method of leather identification by the hyperspectral imaging system combined with chemometrics was established. The results showed that the spectral curves of natural and regenerated leather differed in the number, position, and depth of the characteristic peaks, enabling the classification of regenerated leather by comparative analysis with the naked eye. The first-order derivative processing–principal component analysis–discriminant analysis model achieved a 98% correct classification rate, confirming the hyperspectral imaging system’s feasibility in the leather material identification field. We believe that his research is beneficial for the leather industry to understand the classifications scientifically, in order to protect consumer rights and further develop the leather testing industry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Coatings for Functional Textile and Packaging Materials)
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17 pages, 3716 KiB  
Article
Effect of Coating Process on Properties of Two-Component Waterborne Polyurethane Coatings for Wood
by Cheng Liu and Wei Xu
Coatings 2022, 12(12), 1857; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121857 - 30 Nov 2022
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 2159
Abstract
Acrylic acid has good environmental weather resistance, water resistance, alcohol resistance, dirt resistance, and other properties. An acrylic acid dispersion with a core–shell structure was prepared and reacted with a polyisocyanate-type curing agent to prepare a waterborne polyurethane topcoat suitable for wood. The [...] Read more.
Acrylic acid has good environmental weather resistance, water resistance, alcohol resistance, dirt resistance, and other properties. An acrylic acid dispersion with a core–shell structure was prepared and reacted with a polyisocyanate-type curing agent to prepare a waterborne polyurethane topcoat suitable for wood. The prepared two-component polyurethane topcoat was used in combination with a waterborne primer and a waterborne sealing primer and applied to Pine (Pinus strobus) boards to carry out gloss, wear resistance, and adhesion experiments. The effects of different coating amounts and spraying times on the comprehensive properties of the wood coatings were studied. The experimental results showed that when the self-made two-component polyurethane topcoat for wood was matched with the primer and the sealing primer, the coating amount of the sealing primer had little effect on improving the adhesion and wear resistance but had a significant effect on the gloss. The spraying times of the primer and the topcoat greatly impacted the adhesion, but they had no decisive impact on the improvement of the gloss. When the coating amount was 60 g/m2 for the waterborne sealing primer, 100 g/m2 for waterborne primer, and 120 g/m2 for the self-made topcoat and the coating was sprayed twice, the comprehensive performance of the obtained film on the wood was the best. This research on the preparation and coating process optimization of the two-component waterborne polyurethane coatings for wood can provide a technical basis for the application of two-component waterborne polyurethane topcoats for wood. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Coatings for Functional Textile and Packaging Materials)
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15 pages, 1670 KiB  
Article
Effect of Thermochromic and Photochromic Microcapsules on the Surface Coating Properties for Metal Substrates
by Yan Han, Xiaoxing Yan and Wenting Zhao
Coatings 2022, 12(11), 1642; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111642 - 30 Oct 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2821
Abstract
A coating with thermochromic and photochromic microcapsules can enhance a product’s attractiveness. Different coating processes may affect the performance of coatings. Therefore, the micromorphology, chemical composition, chromatic difference, gloss, hardness, adhesion, impact resistance, roughness, cold liquid resistance, and ultraviolet photooxidation resistance of the [...] Read more.
A coating with thermochromic and photochromic microcapsules can enhance a product’s attractiveness. Different coating processes may affect the performance of coatings. Therefore, the micromorphology, chemical composition, chromatic difference, gloss, hardness, adhesion, impact resistance, roughness, cold liquid resistance, and ultraviolet photooxidation resistance of the surface coating on the metal substrate were assessed by choosing three coating processes. The thermochromic color difference of the coating with photochromic microcapsules in the primer and thermochromic microcapsules in the topcoat changes greatly. When the temperature reached 80 °C, the maximum color difference of the coating was found to be 23.0. The color difference of the coating with the thermochromic microcapsules in the primer and photochromic microcapsules in the topcoat was the most obvious, with a color difference of 71.7. The gloss of the coating mixed with thermochromic microcapsules and photochromic microcapsules was the highest, which was found to be 81.7 GU. The coating gloss of thermochromic microcapsules in the primer and photochromic microcapsules in the topcoat was found to be 15.6. The mechanical property of the coating mixed with thermochromic microcapsules and photochromic microcapsules was the best—the hardness was found to be 2H, the adhesion was found to be level 1, and the impact resistance was found to be 12.5 kg·cm. The mechanical property of the coating prepared by the other two coating sequences was poor. The coating prepared by the three finishing processes on the metal substrate had sufficient cold liquid resistance, and the gloss of the coating before and after the cold liquid resistance changed slightly. By studying the coating process of thermochromic coating and photochromic coating, a technical reference is provided for creating dual-function intelligent coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Coatings for Functional Textile and Packaging Materials)
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Review

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22 pages, 438 KiB  
Review
Giving Improved and New Properties to Fibrous Materials by Surface Modification
by Natalia P. Prorokova, Olga I. Odintsova, Varvara E. Rumyantseva, Evgeniy V. Rumyantsev and Viktoriya S. Konovalova
Coatings 2023, 13(1), 139; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010139 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1901
Abstract
This review summarizes the results of research published in recent decades on the main directions in the functionalization of fibrous materials using surface modification. Methods for thepreliminary activation of the surface of fibrous materials are described, allowing increasing the adhesion of modifiers. The [...] Read more.
This review summarizes the results of research published in recent decades on the main directions in the functionalization of fibrous materials using surface modification. Methods for thepreliminary activation of the surface of fibrous materials are described, allowing increasing the adhesion of modifiers. The features of the formation of functionalizing coatings on fibrous materials in comparison with other substrates are analyzed. Some specific methods for evaluating the effectiveness of the surface modification inherent in fibrous materials are considered. Particular attention is paid to giving fibrous materials antimicrobial properties, photoactivity, the ability to protect against ultraviolet radiation, and hydrophobicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Coatings for Functional Textile and Packaging Materials)
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