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Laser Processing Effects on Special Steels and High Entropy Alloys
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Laser Processing Effects on Special Steels and High Entropy Alloys

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Laser Coatings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2023) | Viewed by 13834

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ionelia Voiculescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Robotics, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independentei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania
Interests: surface laser treatments; cladding using ceramics and testing in different conditions; wear tests; high temperature oxidation behavior; corrosion behavior
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Julia Claudia Mirza-Rosca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nanomaterials and Corrosion Group, Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario Tafira, Edificio Ingenieria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
Interests: corrosion; electrochemical and mechanical testing; materials characterization; high-entropy alloys; titanium alloys; microstructure of materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I have the pleasure to invite you to join our research team in the frame of the Special Issue entitled "Laser Processing Effects on Special Steels and High Entropy Alloys".

The main scope of this topic is to offer to the industrial market new functional alloys and new composite material based on ceramic layers obtained by laser cladding, to be used in high temperature and corrosion conditions. As base material, special steels, refractory alloys, and high entropy alloys (HEA) may all be proposed.

To homogenize and refine the ceramic layer deposited on the surface of the base material, various laser processing methods can be applied (laser cladding, laser heat treatment, pulsed laser deposition etc.).

To obtain corrosion and high temperature resistance, ceramic layers powder filler material (alpha alumina and tungsten carbides) and chemical active solutions can be used. To estimate the high temperature behavior of the new materials and layers, samples must be tested at temperatures between 400 and 900 °C. Before and after laser cladding, samples must be subject to laboratory investigations (microstructure, microhardness, adherence, corrosion resistance, tensile and bending stress, thermal conductivity, and expansion) to analyze the behavior of the ceramic layers after operation in high temperature and corrosion environments. The alumina layer can be also deposited via the pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD) on different substrates, as well as on high entropy alloy, as reference sample for high structural and morphological properties. Using PLD, it is possible to tune the structural properties of Al2O3 thin films, as alumina has several polymorphs (α, γ or θ- phase) with different functional properties. To optimize the laser processing parameters, a simulation program can be performed that allows reducing the number of experiments and focusing on the optimal solution.

The topics of interest for this Special Issue include:

  • Effects of laser processing on new, high-temperature-resistant alloys, including high entropy alloys;
  • Methods for obtaining thin ceramic or metal–ceramic layers on various metallic substrates;
  • Characterization of composite materials (laser treated, ceramic or metal-ceramic layers)—nano, micro, and macro friction and wear characterization, microstructure, microhardness, tensile strength, elastic modulus, etc.;
  • Characterization of coatings under various operating conditions;
  • Corrosion resistance of base material and laser treatment/cladded coatings;
  • Any other aspects of refractory coatings.

Prof. Dr. Ionelia Voiculescu
Dr. Julia Claudia Mirza-Rosca
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 80823 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of HVOF Cr3C2–NiCr Coating with Different Bonding Layer on the Interactive Behavior of Fatigue and Corrosion
by Bing He, Lijie Zhang, Xiao Yun, Jing Wang, Guangzhi Zhou, Zhikai Chen and Xiaoming Yuan
Coatings 2022, 12(3), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12030307 - 24 Feb 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3103
Abstract
In order to improve material service life under a fatigue and corrosion coupling environment, a high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) Cr3C2–NiCr coating with a bonding layer was prepared. The objective was to obtain the optimum bonding layer for the HVOF [...] Read more.
In order to improve material service life under a fatigue and corrosion coupling environment, a high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) Cr3C2–NiCr coating with a bonding layer was prepared. The objective was to obtain the optimum bonding layer for the HVOF Cr3C2–NiCr coating, which included a laser cladding (LC) Ni625 layer, extreme high-speed laser material deposition (EHLA) Ni625 layer and HVOF NiCr layer. Fatigue properties of the samples with various bonding layers were investigated by means of a four-point bending fatigue test. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the salt spray test were executed after the bending fatigue test to simulate the interactive effect of fatigue and corrosion atmosphere. Failure surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and an energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS) to indicate the details of corrosion products. Corrosive behaviors of samples were adequately demonstrated according to the results, which included the curves of potentiostatic polarization, impedance magnitude and phase degree, and corrosion products. The result showed that the cycles of perforative cracking for the sample with the EHLA Ni625 bonding layer was almost three times than that of the sample with the HVOF NiCr layer. The magnitude of EIS reduced from ~105 to ~103 for the sample after BFT. Eventually, the main improvement mechanism of the HVOF Cr3C2–NiCr coating with the EHLA Ni625 bonding layer was attributed to the grain refinement of the bonding layer and performed a good level of metallurgical bonding with the substrate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Processing Effects on Special Steels and High Entropy Alloys)
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12 pages, 4626 KiB  
Article
Ultra-Narrow Gap Fiber Laser Conduction Welding Technology for 304 Stainless Steel Thick Plates and the Mechanical Properties of Welding Joints
by Guowei Zhang and Feihu Yu
Coatings 2022, 12(1), 59; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12010059 - 5 Jan 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2671
Abstract
The application of thick metal plates is increasing, and the welding problem is becoming more and more prominent. Narrow gap laser welding is one of the important methods, and it is also a research hotspot. The stainless steel thick plates were welded using [...] Read more.
The application of thick metal plates is increasing, and the welding problem is becoming more and more prominent. Narrow gap laser welding is one of the important methods, and it is also a research hotspot. The stainless steel thick plates were welded using the ultra-narrow gap fiber laser conduction welding with filler wire. Results show that the ranges of technological parameters for the achievement of the weld seam with no defects are smaller when the gap width is comparatively larger. Using the optimized technological parameters, the butt welding with no defects on the 3 mm gap between two 304 stainless steel plates with 60 mm thickness was achieved through the filling 20 times. This welding method of 304 metal with large thickness is rare in the literature. The tensile strength of the welding joint can be up to 87% of that of the base metal, and the micro-hardness and yield strength of the joint are comparable with those of the base metal. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Processing Effects on Special Steels and High Entropy Alloys)
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Review

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14 pages, 5069 KiB  
Review
Research Progress of Water–Laser Compound Machining Technology
by Kun Shao, Qunlin Zhou, Qingshan Chen, Yi Liu, Chenfang Wang and Xiang Li
Coatings 2022, 12(12), 1887; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121887 - 4 Dec 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2991
Abstract
As an emerging industry, laser processing technology has developed rapidly and has gradually become a key technology in transforming traditional manufacturing. It has been widely used in various fields such as industrial production, communication technology, information processing, health care, military, and scientific research. [...] Read more.
As an emerging industry, laser processing technology has developed rapidly and has gradually become a key technology in transforming traditional manufacturing. It has been widely used in various fields such as industrial production, communication technology, information processing, health care, military, and scientific research. The application and development of laser processing technology is restricted by thermal damage and the processing residues existing in traditional laser processing. However, water laser compound machining can better solve the above-mentioned problems. In water laser compound machining , heat and byproducts can be absorbed and taken away by water to improve processing quality. This paper expounds and analyzes the principles and research of three popular water laser compound machining methods (water-guided laser processing, underwater laser processing and water-jet-assisted laser processing). Furthermore, this paper analyzes the technical difficulties in water laser compound machining and looks forward to the future development trends of this technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Processing Effects on Special Steels and High Entropy Alloys)
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22 pages, 14327 KiB  
Review
High Entropy Alloys Coatings Deposited by Laser Cladding: A Review of Grain Boundary Wetting Phenomena
by Boris B. Straumal, Leonid Klinger, Alexei Kuzmin, Gabriel A. Lopez, Anna Korneva, Alexander B. Straumal, Nikolai Vershinin and Alena S. Gornakova
Coatings 2022, 12(3), 343; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12030343 - 6 Mar 2022
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 4236
Abstract
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are called also alloys without a main component or multiprincipal alloys. They consist of five, six or more components in more or less equal proportions and possess unique properties. Several dozens of thousands of publications have already been devoted to [...] Read more.
High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are called also alloys without a main component or multiprincipal alloys. They consist of five, six or more components in more or less equal proportions and possess unique properties. Several dozens of thousands of publications have already been devoted to bulk HEAs, while HEA coatings are just beginning to develop. More than half of the works on the deposition of HEA coatings are devoted to laser cladding. In the laser cladding process, a mixture of powders on a substrate is melted in a focused laser beam, which sequentially scans the substrate. In the heated zone, the powder mixture melts. At the end of the crystallization process, a solidified polycrystal and a small amount of residual melt are found in the heated zone. It is possible that the grain boundaries (GBs) in the solidified polycrystal are incompletely or fully wetted by this liquid phase. In this way, the GB wetting with a melt determines the morphology and microstructure of HEAs coatings. This review analyzes GB wetting in single-phase HEAs, as well as in HEAs containing two or more phases. We analyze how the HEAs’ composition, laser scanning speed, laser beam power, external magnetic field or ultrasonic impact affect the microstructure and GB wetting. It is also shown how the microstructure and GB wetting change over the thickness of the rather thick as well as multilayer coatings deposited using a laser cladding. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Laser Processing Effects on Special Steels and High Entropy Alloys)
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