Crystalline Materials for Energy Conversion Applications in Solar Cells

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials for Energy Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 March 2025 | Viewed by 604

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona and INSTM, RU of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy
Interests: renewable energy; photovoltaics; inorganic nanomaterials; luminescent nanocrystals; perovskite; computational chemistry; spectroscopy

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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli studi di Catania, INSTM UdR Catania V.le A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
Interests: energy-converting materials; advanced materials; MOCVD; sol-gel synthesis; thin film fabrication; inorganic materials; photovoltaic; material characterization

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The generation of energy using photovoltaics is a perpetual hot topic in the context of green deals and policies, with research always seeking innovative materials or optimizing well-established technologies. For instance, the focused development of perovskite solar cells has made this technology one of the most promising in the area of photovoltaics in recent decades, enabling it to deliver high conversion efficiencies while using easy and cheap material preparation methodologies.

In the active photovoltaic materials commonly used in solar cells, most absorbed photons have energies within the visible region of the solar spectrum, while those lying in the ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) ranges of the spectrum are generally wasted. Moreover, these active materials may be sensitive to UV light, which harms them, thus affecting the stability of the photovoltaic device. For these reasons, recovering photons whose energies do not match the bandgap of the active photovoltaic material is an intriguing strategy for increasing both the efficiency and the stability of solar cells, and this can be achieved by converting these energies to the visible range from the UV (down-conversion or down-shifting) or IR (up-conversion) range of this spectrum. In this sense, we are interested in investigating materials that enable the up- and/or down-conversion of energy and that could improve the overall efficiency of a solar cell, either by modifying existing layers within the solar cell or adding additional ones with tailored properties. This is the aim of this Special Issue of Crystals: all contributions that focus on the discovery, optimization, and exploitation of energy-converting crystalline materials in solar cells are welcome, regardless of the methodology employed (theoretical or experimental).

Dr. Eros Radicchi
Dr. Francesca Lo Presti
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • solar cells
  • up-conversion
  • down-conversion
  • down-shifting
  • cystalline materials

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 3796 KiB  
Article
Design and Synthesis of Crystalline Al-Doped TiO2 Buffer Layers for Enhancing Energy Conversion Efficiency of New Photovoltaic Devices
by Dongin Kim, Jiwon Lee, Rakhyun Jeong, Ki-Hwan Hwang and Jin-Hyo Boo
Crystals 2025, 15(1), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst15010076 - 14 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) characterized by high energy conversion efficiency (ECE) and low manufacturing costs, exhibit promising potential for commercialization in the near term. For commercialization, it is very important to prevent the decomposition of perovskite by ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the air [...] Read more.
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) characterized by high energy conversion efficiency (ECE) and low manufacturing costs, exhibit promising potential for commercialization in the near term. For commercialization, it is very important to prevent the decomposition of perovskite by ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the air environment. Also, the mesoscopic architecture of PSCs presents considerable opportunities for the solar cell industry, offering potential for recycling of spent photocatalytic materials such as TiO2, and exploration of new energy resources. To solve these problems, therefore, this study introduces a strategy to mitigate these challenges using a crystalline Al-doped TiO2 buffer layer as the electron transport layer (ETL) in conjunction with a mesoporous TiO2 layer in the fabrication of PSCs. Among various Al concentrations in the crystalline Al-doped TiO2 buffer layer fabricated via spin-coating, an optimum concentration of 7 mol% Al yielded the highest cell performance in the specific perovskite solar cell structure. These solar cells exhibited an impressive ECE of 11.87%, representing a substantial enhancement of nearly double the ECE (6.37%) achieved with the conventional ETL. This remarkable improvement can be attributed to the passivation effect of the newly developed ETL, which combines a crystalline Al-doped TiO2 buffer layer with a mesoporousTiO2 layer. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis was performed in conjunction with theoretical calculations of charge transport parameters to substantiate this claim. Full article
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