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Crystals
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Durability of Cement-Based Materials and the Resource Utilization of Solid...
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Durability of Cement-Based Materials and the Resource Utilization of Solid Waste

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2021) | Viewed by 8933

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jun Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
Interests: durability of concrete; ion transport; steel corrosion; prediction of concrete life; civil engineering materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Huang Guodong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
Interests: building materials; prediction of concrete
Dr. Chuanqing Fu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Interests: durability of concrete; ion transport; steel corrosion; life prediction of concrete

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Studies on the durability of concrete structures can ensure that the social demand for concrete is maintained at an appropriate level under the conditions of reasonable economic development and, thus, reduce the rate of natural resources consumption, especially of non-renewable resources, so as to alleviate the sustainable development problems of various countries to a great extent. In addition, it can avoid the huge economic losses and interferences caused by the repair, demolition, and reconstruction of bridges, tunnels, and other lifeline projects. However, due to the complexity and diversity of materials and environmental factors, the mechanisms of concrete durability are not very clear, and in-depth understanding of long-term processes is still required. Therefore, it is imperative to further consolidate the research on concrete durability.

The accumulation of solid waste not only causes serious wastage of resources but also serious environmental pollution and ecological damage if it is not disposed of effectively. In recent years, with the rapid development of science and technology and the change in societal attitudes, recycling of solid waste has gradually been realized in civil engineering and other fields. This research is expected to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for the safe large-scale consumption and resource utilization of solids.

Dr. Jun Xu
Dr. Huang Guodong
Dr. Chuanqing Fu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Cement-based materials
  • Durability of cement-based materials
  • Ion transport
  • Steel corrosion
  • Building Materials
  • Solid waste

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3562 KiB  
Article
Influences of Curing Period and Sulfate Concentration on the Dynamic Properties and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Cement Soil
by Jing-Shuang Zhang, Xiang-Gang Xia and Bin Ren
Crystals 2021, 11(11), 1291; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111291 - 25 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1667
Abstract
To study the influences of curing period and sulfate concentration on the dynamic mechanical properties of cement soil, this study used a split Hopkinson pressure bar device. Impact tests were conducted on cement soil specimens with different curing periods and different sulfate concentrations. [...] Read more.
To study the influences of curing period and sulfate concentration on the dynamic mechanical properties of cement soil, this study used a split Hopkinson pressure bar device. Impact tests were conducted on cement soil specimens with different curing periods and different sulfate concentrations. The relationships between the dynamic stress–strain, dynamic compressive strength, and absorption energy of these cement soil specimens were analyzed. The test results show that with continuous loading, cement soil specimens mainly experience an elastic stage, plastic stage, and failure stage; with increasing curing period and sulfate concentration, the dynamic compressive strength and absorption energy of cement soil specimens follow a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The dynamic compressive strength and absorption energy of cement soil specimens reached maximum values at a curing period of 14 d and a Na2SO4 solution concentration of 9.0 g/L. Increasing the dynamic compressive strength and absorption energy can effectively improve the ability of cement soil specimens to resist damage. This paper provides a practical reference for the application of cement soil in dynamic environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Durability of Cement-Based Materials and the Resource Utilization of Solid Waste)
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14 pages, 3993 KiB  
Article
The Relationship between Compressive Strength and Pore Structure of the High Water Grouting Material
by Youmin Han, Junwu Xia, Linli Yu, Qiong Su and Xiaomiao Chen
Crystals 2021, 11(8), 865; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080865 - 26 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2235
Abstract
To elucidate the relationship between compressive strength and pore structure of the high water grouting material with different water-binder ratios and CaO contents, the compressive strength was tested while pore structure including pore characteristic parameters and pore diameter distribution were investigated by BET, [...] Read more.
To elucidate the relationship between compressive strength and pore structure of the high water grouting material with different water-binder ratios and CaO contents, the compressive strength was tested while pore structure including pore characteristic parameters and pore diameter distribution were investigated by BET, MIP, and 3D-XRM. Moreover, the evolution of hydration products was observed by TGA and SEM, illustrating the reactive mechanism of the material. Furthermore, the grey correlation coefficients between compressive strength and pore structure parameters were illustrated according to the grey correlation theory. The results show that CaO content in lime is proportional to the compressive strength with the water-binder ratio of 1.0 or 1.5, while the inverse trend appears with the water-binder ratio of 2.0. The high water grouting material belongs to the macropore material with the pores mainly within 100 nm to 2 μm. Its hydration products contain ettringite crystals, aluminum gels, and C-S-H gels. The productions of the hydration products are positively correlated with its compressive strength. In addition, the compressive strength of the high water grouting material is closely related to the pore characteristic parameters and the pore size distribution, especially the porosity, the most probable pore diameter, and the pore volumes within 100~500 nm and 10~100 nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Durability of Cement-Based Materials and the Resource Utilization of Solid Waste)
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14 pages, 5671 KiB  
Article
Permeation Characteristics and Surface Accumulation of Chloride in Different Zones of Concrete along Altitude in Marine Environments
by Hong Chang, Zhicheng Zhang, Zhanguo Ma, Yongsheng Ji and Xinshuo Huang
Crystals 2021, 11(7), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070722 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2039
Abstract
The accumulation characteristics of surface chloride in concrete in different zones are different in the marine environment. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the surface chloride and permeation characteristics of concrete in a simulated marine environment. The experimental results indicated [...] Read more.
The accumulation characteristics of surface chloride in concrete in different zones are different in the marine environment. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the surface chloride and permeation characteristics of concrete in a simulated marine environment. The experimental results indicated that the surface chloride and chloride profiles of concrete in different zones of marine environment decreased in the following order: tidal zone > splash zone > submerged zone > atmospheric zone. The width of the ascent zone of Cl− concentration at tidal and splash zones was far less than that of the influential depth of moisture transport (IDMT), and the range of convection zone was dependent on the IDMT. Cl− at splash and tidal zones penetrated into concrete as a bulk liquid by non-saturated permeation driven by a humidity gradient. The change of chloride profiles in concrete along the altitudinal gradient was consistent with that of the cyclic water absorption amount (CWAA). The transport rate of chloride was the highest at the highest point of the tide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Durability of Cement-Based Materials and the Resource Utilization of Solid Waste)
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13 pages, 3970 KiB  
Article
Action Time-Effect and Mechanism of Low-Calcium Fly Ash in Cement-Based Composites
by Na Yan, Qingqing Tang, Ying Zhang and Guowen Sun
Crystals 2021, 11(6), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11060681 - 14 Jun 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2062
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to investigate when low-calcium fly ash plays a physical or chemical effect and what is the chemical effect proportion of low-calcium fly ash. Two types of low-calcium fly ash and quartz powder, with similar fineness as active [...] Read more.
This study was conducted in order to investigate when low-calcium fly ash plays a physical or chemical effect and what is the chemical effect proportion of low-calcium fly ash. Two types of low-calcium fly ash and quartz powder, with similar fineness as active and inert admixtures, were used as materials in this study. Under different water/binder ratios and hydration ages, the effects of the different types of admixtures and their dosages on the flexural and compressive strength of the composites were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nitrogen adsorption methods, in addition to an assessment of the degree of hydration of the fly ash, were employed to observe the hydration products at different ages, the microstructures of the hydration products, as well as their surface areas and pore size distributions. The results show that during the hydration period of 28 days, the low-calcium fly ash has a micro-aggregate filling physical effect. However, after 56 days, the hydration degree of fly ash begins to exceed 1%. This illustrates that the low-calcium fly ash has both the pozzolanic activity effect and micro-aggregate filling effect. In contrast, the low-calcium fly ash hydrated for 90 days is still dominated by the physical filling effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Durability of Cement-Based Materials and the Resource Utilization of Solid Waste)
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