Multifunctional Crystal Materials with Non-centrosymmetry: Piezoelectric and Nonlinear Optical Properties and Their Applications Volume II

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 October 2021) | Viewed by 14414

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
Interests: piezoelectric crystals; nonlinear optical crystals; single crystal growth; structure–property relationships; piezoelectric sensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Science/Grad. School of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
Interests: Perovskite ferroelectrics, Piezoelectric energy harvesters

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The advances of non-centrosymmetric crystal materials greatly promote the development of multifunctional devices which take advantages of piezoelectric, ferroelectric, pyroelectric, non-linear optic and electro-optic effects and support many aspects of various industry fields. These crystal materials are capable to achieve the mutual conversion of different energies, including light, electricity, heat, magnetism, mechanical force and so on. Among the non-centrosymmetric crystals, the piezoelectric, ferroelectric and nonlinear optical crystal materials have attracted a lot of attention in the last several decades.

Extensive studies have been implemented in designing new non-centrosymmetric crystal materials and/or optimising the opto-electric functions of crystal materials to improve the selectivity of crystal materials for device applications. Crystal growth has also been proposed to enhance the piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and nonlinear optical responses. Firstly, the absence of grain boundaries in single crystals enables a larger volume of the material contributing to the electromechanical and nonlinear responses. Secondly, the chemical doping in piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and nonlinear optical crystals can manipulate the microscopic polarization, thus improving the macroscopic opto-electric properties. Thirdly, the low-dimensional piezoelectric, ferroelectric, and nonlinear optical crystals would be conducive to the findings of interesting electrical and optical behaviours.

This Special Issue aims to cover all the relevant aspects of piezoelectric and nonlinear optical crystal materials. Well-established, novel, or less common compounds, and micro mechanisms in single crystals will be covered. Therefore, the issue welcomes original research and review manuscripts on the following main aspects:

  • Development and design of non-centrosymmetric crystal materials
  • Piezoelectric and/or ferroelectric crystals and films
  • Nonlinear optical crystals
  • Piezoelectricity
  • Ferroelectricity
  • Domain engineering
  • Crystal defects
  • Opto-electric property characterization
  • Theoretical study with Ab-initio, DFT, and first principles calculations on non-centrosymmetric crystal materials

Prof. Fapeng Yu
Prof. Dr. Naohisa Takesue
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Piezoelectric and/or ferroelectric crystals and films
  • Nonlinear optical crystals
  • Piezoelectricity
  • Crystal defects

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 7940 KiB  
Article
Effects of CuO Sintering Aids on Microstructure and Electric Properties for (Na0.48K0.473Li0.04Sr0.007) (Nb0.883Ta0.05Sb0.06Ti0.007)O3 Ceramics
by Cheng-Shong Hong, Yuan-Xin Zhang and Yi-Tian Hong
Crystals 2021, 11(8), 935; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080935 - 12 Aug 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2247
Abstract
In this paper, the effects of CuO sintering aids on microstructure and electric properties are investigated for the non-stoichiometric (Na0.48K0.473Li0.04Sr0.007)(Nb0.883Ta0.05Sb0.06Ti0.007)O3+x mol% CuO lead free [...] Read more.
In this paper, the effects of CuO sintering aids on microstructure and electric properties are investigated for the non-stoichiometric (Na0.48K0.473Li0.04Sr0.007)(Nb0.883Ta0.05Sb0.06Ti0.007)O3+x mol% CuO lead free ceramics. As the amounts of CuO equal 1 mol%, the sintering temperature is 975 °C and the piezoelectric parameters are d33 = 200 pC/N, g33 = 38 (10−3 Vm/N), d33 × g33 = 7600 (10−15 m2/N), kp = 0.38, Qm = 240, Pr = 18.93 μC/cm2 and EC = 8.75 kV/cm. The piezoelectric properties are changed to hard type and suitable for energy harvester with multilayer technology. The physical response mechanisms are suggested that the diffused phase transitions are enhanced, the Cu2+ ions substitute for the B-site ions with forming the Oxygen vacancies and the domain walls are pinning. Full article
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7 pages, 1256 KiB  
Article
Effects of Polarity Inversion Layer on Performances of Lateral-Field-Excitation Piezoelectric Sensors Based on Lithium Niobate Single Crystal
by Yuanzhen Zheng, Dudu Chen, Fei Sun, Kuanxiang Xu, Tingfeng Ma, Lili Yuan and Rongxing Wu
Crystals 2021, 11(4), 407; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040407 - 11 Apr 2021
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Abstract
In this work, lateral-field-excitation (LFE) piezoelectric sensors based on polarity inversion layer are designed and fabricated, then frequency stabilities and sensitivities on electric property changes of liquids are tested. Because the polarity inversion layer can suppress the spurious modes, the stabilities of the [...] Read more.
In this work, lateral-field-excitation (LFE) piezoelectric sensors based on polarity inversion layer are designed and fabricated, then frequency stabilities and sensitivities on electric property changes of liquids are tested. Because the polarity inversion layer can suppress the spurious modes, the stabilities of the LFE devices with a polarity inversion layer are obviously better than that of LFE devices with no polarity inversion layer. On the changes of liquid conductivity and permittivity, the sensitivities of the LFE devices with a polarity inversion layer are 2.4 times and 2.1 times higher than that of LFE devices with no polarity inversion layer, respectively. The polarity inversion layer of the lithium niobate crystal plate can be realized conveniently by heat treatment, therefore, the technology of the polarity inversion layer can play an important role in improving the sensing performances of LFE sensors. Full article
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7 pages, 4442 KiB  
Article
Pyroelectric Properties of Bismuth Borate BZBO Single Crystals
by Feifei Chen, Chao Jiang, Xiufeng Cheng and Xian Zhao
Crystals 2021, 11(1), 64; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010064 - 15 Jan 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2378
Abstract
Pyroelectric properties of orthorhombic Bi2ZnB2O7 (BZBO) crystals were investigated by using the charge integration method. The primary and the secondary pyroelectric coefficients of BZBO crystals were found to be 6.4 and −6.5 µC/(m2·°C), respectively. The pyroelectric [...] Read more.
Pyroelectric properties of orthorhombic Bi2ZnB2O7 (BZBO) crystals were investigated by using the charge integration method. The primary and the secondary pyroelectric coefficients of BZBO crystals were found to be 6.4 and −6.5 µC/(m2·°C), respectively. The pyroelectric performance was evaluated by different figure of merits (FOMs), where BZBO crystals possessed relatively high current responsivity Fi (10.38 pm/V), and detectivity Fd (11.31 × 10−5/Pa1/2). In addition, the temperature dependent behaviours of primary pyroelectric coefficients and FOMs were studied from 15 °C to 155 °C; the pyroelectric properties were found to decrease with increases in temperature. Full article
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Review

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21 pages, 3277 KiB  
Review
Properties and Applications of Flexible Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride)-Based Piezoelectric Materials
by Linfang Xie, Guoliang Wang, Chao Jiang, Fapeng Yu and Xian Zhao
Crystals 2021, 11(6), 644; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11060644 - 6 Jun 2021
Cited by 48 | Viewed by 6827
Abstract
Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a kind of semicrystalline organic polymer piezoelectric material. Adopting processes such as melting crystallization and solution casting, and undergoing post-treatment processes such as annealing, stretching, and polarization, PVDF films with high crystallinity and high piezoelectric response level can [...] Read more.
Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a kind of semicrystalline organic polymer piezoelectric material. Adopting processes such as melting crystallization and solution casting, and undergoing post-treatment processes such as annealing, stretching, and polarization, PVDF films with high crystallinity and high piezoelectric response level can be realized. As a polymer material, PVDF shows excellent mechanical properties, chemical stability and biocompatibility, and is light in weight, easily prepared, which can be designed into miniaturized, chip-shaped and integrated devices. It has a wide range of applications in self-powered equipment such as sensors, nanogenerators and currently is a research hotspot for use as flexible wearable or implantable materials. This article mainly introduces the crystal structures, piezoelectric properties and their applications in flexible piezoelectric devices of PVDF materials. Full article
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