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Crystals
Special Issues
Crystalline Microstructures in Stainless Steels
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Crystalline Microstructures in Stainless Steels

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystalline Metals and Alloys".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 5183

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Silvia Barella

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
Interests: metals; plastic defomation; heat treatment; stainless steel
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrea Francesco Ciuffini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
Interests: metals; steels; stainless steels; microstructure
Dr. Jose Manuel Naranjo Espinosa

E-Mail
Guest Editor
TATA STEEL
Interests: steel metallurgy; non-metallic inclusions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Although stainless steels were first created as long ago as the early 1900s, continuous improvement in alloy design and fabrication processes allows them to gain properties and widen their applications constantly. Nowadays, the corrosion resistance character of these steels is still their main trait, but many different properties have been optimized and may be exploited: heat resistance, wear resistance, fire resistance, strength and toughness, dimensional stability during thermal cycling, biocompatibility, aesthetics appearance, electrical or thermal conductivity, and magnetism.

Thanks to its peculiar features, stainless steel is irreplaceable in many application fields. Stainless steel’s crystalline microstructures may vary, be designed through chemical composition balance, and be tuned to obtain certain desired properties.

Furthermore, modern processing technologies have opened up new possibilities in terms of thermal treatments and hot and cold forming, making the obtainment of newly designed crystalline microstructures possible. Moreover, many new technologies which have been developed in recent years are able to deeply modify crystalline microstructures in extremely peculiar ways, such as severe plastic deformation, achieving extremely refined microstructures, and additive manufacturing, which may obtain ultra-fast solidification microstructures.

It is our pleasure to invite metallurgist researchers studying stainless steels to share their recent findings in this Special Issue, entitled “Crystalline microstructures in stainless steels”. The submitted contributions may include, but are not limited to; process technologies, alloy designs and applications, and establishing a correlation between the obtained crystalline microstructure and properties.

Prof. Silvia Barella
Dr. Andrea Francesco Ciuffini
Dr. Jose Manuel Naranjo Espinosa
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Stainless steel
  • Solidification/processing/microstructures/properties
  • Hot and cold working
  • New processing technologies
  • Microstructure characterization
  • Mechanical properties
  • Oxidation and corrosion

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 5029 KiB  
Article
A New Process of Extracting Titanium from Vanadium–Titanium Magnetite
by Yandong Li, Shuangyin Chen and Huamei Duan
Crystals 2021, 11(4), 327; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11040327 - 25 Mar 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2770
Abstract
A new process of extracting titanium from vanadium–titanium magnetite (VTM) in the Panxi area in Sichuan, China is introduced in this work. Various experiments, including reduction–magnetic separation, leaching and hydrolyzing experiments, are carried out. The results show that the optimum conditions for leaching [...] Read more.
A new process of extracting titanium from vanadium–titanium magnetite (VTM) in the Panxi area in Sichuan, China is introduced in this work. Various experiments, including reduction–magnetic separation, leaching and hydrolyzing experiments, are carried out. The results show that the optimum conditions for leaching experiments are an acid/slag ratio of 4:1, a leaching temperature of 60 °C, a leaching time of 80 min, and a liquid/solid ratio of 3.2:1. The leaching rate of titanium in Ti-bearing slag is 92.41%. The optimum conditions for hydrolyzing experiments are an H+ concentration of 0.75 g·L−1, hydrolyzing temperature of 100 °C, and hydrolyzing time of 180 min, and the hydrolyzing rate of titanium in acid leaching liquor is 96.80%. After the leaching and hydrolyzing experiments, the recovery rate of titanium from the Ti-bearing slag is 89.45%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystalline Microstructures in Stainless Steels)
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13 pages, 7979 KiB  
Article
In-Situ Formed Al3Zr Compounds Reinforced Al Composites and Tribological Application
by Junko Umeda, Nodoka Nishimura, Hiroko Fujii, Lei Jia and Katsuyoshi Kondoh
Crystals 2021, 11(3), 227; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst11030227 - 25 Feb 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1885
Abstract
An Al3Zr-reinforced Al matrix composite using metal powders was fabricated via in-situ synthesis in vacuum; these were subjected to a pin-on-disc wear test with a SUS304 disc specimen under oil lubrication. The elemental mixture of Al and ZrH2 particles was [...] Read more.
An Al3Zr-reinforced Al matrix composite using metal powders was fabricated via in-situ synthesis in vacuum; these were subjected to a pin-on-disc wear test with a SUS304 disc specimen under oil lubrication. The elemental mixture of Al and ZrH2 particles was sintered in vacuum for the in-situ-formed Al3Zr. ZrH2 particles were thermally decomposed in the reaction with the Al matrix to form hard Al3Zr intermetallic compounds. The friction coefficient and wear volume values of the Al–Al3Zr composites were significantly lower than those of the pure Al specimen. This is attributed to the uniform dispersion of Al3Zr particles in the Al matrix, which prevented the metallurgical bond from falling and blocked the direct contact between the Al matrix and SUS304 disc. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crystalline Microstructures in Stainless Steels)
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