Bio-Degradation and Bio-Remediation of Environmental Pollutants

A special issue of Environments (ISSN 2076-3298).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2017) | Viewed by 6913

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Guest Editor
Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, Western Sydney University, Penrith Campus, NSW, Australia
Interests: environmental toxicology biogeochemistry of heavy metals environmental pollution and remediation human and environmental health environmental chemistry water quality environmental sustainability

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Environmental pollution from natural and anthropogenic sources is a global challenge for environmental sustainability and human health. Some of the major environmental pollutants are heavy metals/metalloids, pesticides, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls, detergents, antibiotics, and nanoparticles that may cause various environmental and human health problems. Mining, industrial effluents, and infrastructure development activities (e.g., roads and highway, urbanization) are the major sources of environmental pollutants, while natural release of heavy metals/metalloids in some areas of the world has also been contributing to environmental pollution. Long term cumulative effects of the pollutants in the environment are detrimental to human and environmental health. Complete remediation/removal of these contaminants is challenging due to the lack of reliable, sustainable, and cost-effective technology. However, diverse groups of microorganisms that are already present in the environment may provide a solution through
bio-degradation and bio-transformation processes. Microbes have various mechanisms for
bio-remediation of heavy metals, such as adsorption to cell surfaces, complexation of exopolysaccharides, intracellular accumulation, and biosynthesis of metallothioneins and other proteins that trap metals and transform them to less and/or non-toxic compounds. Recently, research is being focused on the development of genetically modified bio-remediation technology for the detoxification of environmental pollutants. This Special Issue aims to present original research articles, reviews, and short communications in the areas of (but not limited to) bio-degradation and bio-remediation of environmental pollutants.

Dr. Mohammad Azizur Rahman
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Bio-degradation
  • Bio-remediation
  • Heavy metals/metalloids
  • Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
  • Nanoparticles
  • Detoxification
  • Bio-transformation
  • Genetically modified bio-remediation technology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

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Article
Establishment of an Aseptic Culture System and Analysis of the Effective Growth Conditions for Eleocharis acicularis Ramets for Use in Phytoremediation
by Yasushi Sato, Shinpei Goto, Shoya Teraoka, Katsuya Takagaki, Akinari Takehara, Sakae Sano and Masayuki Sakakibara
Environments 2017, 4(2), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments4020040 - 3 Jun 2017
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6539
Abstract
Eleocharis acicularis, an aquatic macrophyte of the Cyperaceae family, has been shown to accumulate multiple heavy metals and has great potential for use in the phytoremediation of contaminated soil and water. To investigate the mechanism of accumulation of heavy metals in E. [...] Read more.
Eleocharis acicularis, an aquatic macrophyte of the Cyperaceae family, has been shown to accumulate multiple heavy metals and has great potential for use in the phytoremediation of contaminated soil and water. To investigate the mechanism of accumulation of heavy metals in E. acicularis while excluding biotic and abiotic environmental effects and to acquire homogenous and sufficient populations of E. acicularis, we established an aseptic culture system and analyzed the applicability of this species for phytoremediation. Young ramet bases and stolon tips of E. acicularis grown in the field were sterilized, cultured, and established in an aseptic culture system, and the effective growth conditions of isolated ramets were determined. Isolated ramets grew remarkably well in a medium of pH 4.8 to 5.7 with 0.25 mg/L kinetin as a plant hormone. Furthermore, capacity for the accumulation of heavy metals was examined using E. acicularis subcultured with or without Si. Aseptically cultured E. acicularis showed a sufficient capacity for Cs and Zn accumulation and exceeded the criteria for hyperaccumulator plants in accumulating Pb, Cd, and In regardless of the addition or not of Si during its subculture. The aseptic culture of E. acicularis enhances its capacity for the accumulation of heavy metals and its applicability for phytoremediation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bio-Degradation and Bio-Remediation of Environmental Pollutants)
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