Non-timber Forest Products: Beyond the Wood

A special issue of Forests (ISSN 1999-4907). This special issue belongs to the section "Wood Science and Forest Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (24 May 2024) | Viewed by 9789

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Science, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: postharvest physiology of fruit and vegetables; postharvest technologies to preserve overall quality; functional and nutritional quality; native resources valorization; pomology
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Guest Editor
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Science, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
Interests: biodiversity; ecosystem functioning; carbon cycling; forest management; biomass estimation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Non-wood forest products (NWFPs) are a source of income and constitute non-negligible rural economies, especially in territories where wood resources are not fully utilised. The FAO (1999) defined NWFPs as “products of biological origin other than wood derived from forests, other wooded land and trees outside forests”. They include fruits (such as berries), nuts, hypogeous and epigeous fungi, medicinal and aromatic plants, fish and game, vegetables, saps, resins and essential oils, and a range of barks (such as cork), fibres, bamboo, and rattans, among a number of other multi-purpose trees. They are of increasing importance in the diversification of the forest-based bioeconomy across the world. The importance of NWFPs for rural communities depends on the type of resources available, how they are managed, and the knowledge that people have about management and marketing perspectives; however, their economic importance also depends on the governance of forest resources, such as the capacity of communities to organize management and marketing, as well as the distribution of the benefits and costs of resource management.

We encourage topics from all fields, including experimental studies, monitoring approaches, or assessment quality studies, to contribute to this Special Issue in order to provide information on different aspects related to innovation, sustainability, and planning forests to promote functionally diversified forests and landscapes.

We welcome research that includes local case studies, international comparisons, and transdisciplinary studies of relevance to sustainable forest management, the production of non-timber forest products, and their postharvest management.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Factors influencing the development and quality of forest products;
  • Local ecological knowledge and its dynamics concerning NWFPs;
  • Silviculture and forest management for the sustainable sourcing of NWFPs;
  • Marketing channels and consumer choice;
  • Advanced practices to enhance the quality and shelf life of products;
  • Circular economy in forest production;
  • New uses of forest products;
  • Testing procedures for the quality assurance of fruits and vegetables during postharvest storage as well as marketing;
  • Factors that can contribute to the loss of fruit and vegetable quality;
  • Value chain management and postharvest handling.

Dr. Giuseppe Sortino
Dr. Giovanna Sala
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Forests is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Keywords

  • biodiversity conservation
  • avoiding ecosystem degradation
  • multipurpose plant
  • bioeconomy
  • non-timber products
  • unconventional species
  • food security

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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38 pages, 3638 KiB  
Article
Prioritizing Management Strategies for Laurel Harvesting to Enhance Forest-Based Bioeconomy: A Hybrid Framework
by Ersin Güngör
Forests 2024, 15(7), 1165; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071165 - 4 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1630
Abstract
Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) is a valuable non-wood forest product (NWFP) in the global export market, with Turkey being the largest supplier. Laurel harvesting is crucial for achieving long-term goals in the NWFP industry. This study assessed the effectiveness of a hybrid [...] Read more.
Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) is a valuable non-wood forest product (NWFP) in the global export market, with Turkey being the largest supplier. Laurel harvesting is crucial for achieving long-term goals in the NWFP industry. This study assessed the effectiveness of a hybrid framework for prioritizing management strategies for laurel harvesting to boost the forest-based bioeconomy in Turkey. The existing literature highlights the use of multi-criteria decision-making methods when dealing with multiple conflicting criteria. This study proposes a systematic and comprehensive framework to analyze the current situation and develop effective laurel harvesting strategies. An integrated SWOT-fuzzy Pivot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment (F-PIPRECIA) and TOWS Matrix approach was used. Data from ten decision makers evaluated four separate SWOT criteria against thirty-two sub-criteria. The most critical strategy identified was Maxi S2 × Maxi O1 (0.0803). Sensitivity analyses validated the results. This study found that the most effective strategies in Turkey include improving environmental and forest planning tools through circular management methods, promoting investment in forest infrastructure, supporting training and entrepreneurship programs in laurel harvesting, and strengthening innovative forest-based value chains. The hybrid framework aims for sustainable laurel resource management while maximizing economic returns. Implementing this methodology will help conserve biodiversity and enhance local communities’ well-being. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-timber Forest Products: Beyond the Wood)
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14 pages, 5133 KiB  
Article
Qualitative Changes in Birch Sap after Freezing and Thawing
by Justas Mingaila, Vladas Vilimas, Pranas Viškelis, Vitas Marozas, Česlovas Bobinas and Jonas Viškelis
Forests 2024, 15(5), 809; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15050809 - 3 May 2024
Viewed by 1323
Abstract
In this study, the qualitative changes in raw birch sap after freezing and thawing were determined. Ten-liter bottles and one-ton plastic containers with six replications were used for the freezing of birch sap and thawing of frozen sap. During and after the thawing, [...] Read more.
In this study, the qualitative changes in raw birch sap after freezing and thawing were determined. Ten-liter bottles and one-ton plastic containers with six replications were used for the freezing of birch sap and thawing of frozen sap. During and after the thawing, the physical and physical–chemical properties of the sap were measured. According to the results, as the ice melts, the concentration of acids and other soluble substances in the sap decreases, but changes in qualitative indicators indicate the beginning of fermentation processes through color changes and pH as the temperature of the melting sap becomes positive. As a result, to freeze raw sap in large-volume containers, it is necessary to develop fast thawing technology using auxiliary means—circulation, external energy sources, and mechanical ice crushing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-timber Forest Products: Beyond the Wood)
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12 pages, 2992 KiB  
Article
Effects of Different Cutting Widths on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Moso Bamboo under Strip Cutting
by Liyang Liu, Xiao Zhou, Zhen Li, Xuan Zhang and Fengying Guan
Forests 2023, 14(10), 2068; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14102068 - 16 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1443
Abstract
We aimed to explore the effect of strip cutting width on the physical and mechanical properties of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Four-year-old hairy bamboo with different cutting bandwidths (3 m, 5 m, 8 m, 12 m and 15 m) was used [...] Read more.
We aimed to explore the effect of strip cutting width on the physical and mechanical properties of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Four-year-old hairy bamboo with different cutting bandwidths (3 m, 5 m, 8 m, 12 m and 15 m) was used as the experimental material, and the traditional management forest (CK) was used as the control. Eight physical and mechanical properties—radial line shrinkage, chordal line shrinkage, volume shrinkage, total dry density, basic density, compressive strength, shear strength and flexural strength—were studied. ANOVA, bivariate correlation analysis, and principal component analysis were performed, which showed the effect of strip cutting on the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo. The results showed that the density, the total dry density, basic density, flexural strength and compressive strength of the strip cut bamboo were lower than those of the control stand. The radial line shrinkage and volume shrinkage were higher than those of the control stand. The chordal line shrinkage was higher than that of the control stand when the cutting bandwidth was 3 m and 5 m and lower than that of the control stand when the cutting bandwidth was 8 m, 12 m and 15 m. The shear strength was lower than that of the control stand when the harvesting bandwidth was 3 m, 5 m and 8 m and higher than that of the control stand when the harvesting bandwidth was 12 m and 15 m. There are different degrees of correlation between the eight physical and mechanical performance indicators. The comprehensive score of the physical and mechanical properties of bamboo in the control stand was 1.30, and the comprehensive score of bamboo in strip harvesting was between 0.37 and 1.25, with an average score of 0.95. The results show that strip cutting can save the time and costs associated with harvesting Moso bamboo forests, but different cutting widths can reduce the physical and mechanical properties of Moso bamboo in different degrees. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-timber Forest Products: Beyond the Wood)
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24 pages, 71380 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Sustainability of NTFP-Based Community Enterprises: A Viable Business Model for Indonesian Rural Forested Areas
by Jun Harbi, Yukun Cao, Noril Milantara and Ade Brian Mustafa
Forests 2023, 14(6), 1251; https://doi.org/10.3390/f14061251 - 15 Jun 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3058
Abstract
Indonesia’s vast forested areas have the potential to serve as a crucial source of livelihood for local communities. However, the current contributions of these forests to community livelihoods are significantly underutilized in comparison to their potential. This study evaluates the financial performance and [...] Read more.
Indonesia’s vast forested areas have the potential to serve as a crucial source of livelihood for local communities. However, the current contributions of these forests to community livelihoods are significantly underutilized in comparison to their potential. This study evaluates the financial performance and sustainability of community forest-based businesses operating around the forest management area of the Lakitan-Bukit Cogong forest management unit (LBC FMU). Data were collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews with the key informants through purposive sampling. Financial viability analysis and a qualitative approach were used to assess the feasibility of the businesses. The findings revealed that all businesses show positive values for all financial indicators. From profit estimation and value-added distribution, all products are shown to be feasible. Concerning the value and supply chain, the rubber-processing industry has a remarkable flow. Moreover, small forest enterprises (SFEs) highlight natural capital optimization through multitudinous derivatives of products that could support a substantial regenerative economy, including citronella essential oil, native honeybees, rubber-based product, biochar, skewers, and liquid smoke. In addition, the multidimensional scaling and rapid appraisal for forest (MDS-RAPForest) approach generates a result based on multiple dimensions (ecology, economics, social and human resources, and institutional and administrative dimensions) showing that overall, SFEs are categorized as sufficient/quite sustainable. Furthermore, mainstreaming adaptable forest-based enterprises, jurisdiction approaches, and cross-production system strategies are also discussed. Our findings suggest that sustainable NTFP-based activities within a community context can be facilitated through interconnected market systems, appropriate price regulations, and support from stakeholders and legal frameworks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-timber Forest Products: Beyond the Wood)
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Review

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13 pages, 5546 KiB  
Review
Investigating the Potential of Polypore Fungi as Eco-Friendly Materials in Food Industry Applications
by Tomasz Pawłowicz, Karolina Anna Gabrysiak and Konrad Wilamowski
Forests 2024, 15(7), 1230; https://doi.org/10.3390/f15071230 - 15 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1241
Abstract
Polyporoid fungi represent an untapped resource in the ancillary use of forests, traditionally utilized in both historic and contemporary medicine for their diverse bioactive properties, yet their potential for creating materials within the food industry remains largely unexplored. This article delves into the [...] Read more.
Polyporoid fungi represent an untapped resource in the ancillary use of forests, traditionally utilized in both historic and contemporary medicine for their diverse bioactive properties, yet their potential for creating materials within the food industry remains largely unexplored. This article delves into the polyporoid fungi as a promising, yet underutilized, biomaterial resource for eco-friendly applications in the food sector. Despite their widespread use in traditional and modern medicine, the exploration of these fungi for industrial applications, particularly in food storage solutions and utensils, is in its nascent stages. The Białowieża Primeval Forest, characterized by its abundant deadwood and minimal human intervention, offers a rich repository of polyporoid fungi. This study aims to illuminate the ecological significance and potential industrial applications of polyporoid fungi. By reviewing existing research and synthesizing insights into the genetic diversity, biochemical capabilities, and ecological roles of polyporoid species such as Fomes fomentarius, Fomitopsis pinicola, and Trametes versicolor, this article proposes a novel approach to leveraging polyporoid fungi in developing sustainable solutions that meet current environmental and health-conscious trends. The investigation not only underscores the potential of polyporoid fungi in advancing green technologies but also highlights the importance of utilizing renewable resources in material science, fostering a shift towards more sustainable industrial practices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Non-timber Forest Products: Beyond the Wood)
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