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Healthcare
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Preventive Medicine and Community Health
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Preventive Medicine and Community Health

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032). This special issue belongs to the section "Preventive Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 3710

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Paulo Santos

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medicine of Community, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Interests: preventive medicine; primary health care; ethics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the fight against disease, the medicine always searched the way to change the natural history of the diseases. We call it treatment if the disease is already settled and prevention if we are anticipating its occurrence. Prevention means therefore the capacity to intervene for health promotion. It encompasses several dimensions, from the medical care to education, food, environment, shelter, adequate income, social justice, and a stable and peaceful eco-system.

In this special issue, we want to expand the way we see preventive medicine, including the health promotion with protection of health and diseases’ prevention, and the all other biopsychosocial determinants of health. We look forward the original research able to mix these factors and to bring new knowledge about the way they adjust each other and they impact on the patients individually or in group. Case reports of health education efforts are also welcome.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.

Dr. Paulo Santos
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Healthcare is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • health promotion
  • preventive health services
  • primary prevention
  • secondary prevention
  • tertiary prevention
  • quaternary prevention
  • literacy for health
  • health education
  • healthy people programs
  • screening
  • immunization

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 798 KiB  
Article
Adolescents’ Knowledge and Misconceptions About Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Cross-Sectional Study in Middle School Students in Portugal
by Catarina Abreu, Luísa Sá and Paulo Santos
Healthcare 2024, 12(22), 2283; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12222283 - 15 Nov 2024
Viewed by 418
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Adolescence represents a period of heightened vulnerability to risky sexual behaviours. In Portugal, adolescents are initiating sexual activity at increasingly younger ages, making it relevant to characterise their knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases and prevention methods at an earlier stage of [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Adolescence represents a period of heightened vulnerability to risky sexual behaviours. In Portugal, adolescents are initiating sexual activity at increasingly younger ages, making it relevant to characterise their knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases and prevention methods at an earlier stage of their development. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted involving the application of a questionnaire to 750 ninth-grade students from Vila Nova de Gaia, Porto, Portugal. The questionnaire covered topics such as perceptions of sexuality, knowledge of sexuality and STIs, methods of transmission prevention, and sources of information. Results: The mean age was 14.4 years, with 19.9% reporting having already initiated sexual activity. Overall, the knowledge about sexually transmitted infections was low, with a score of 7.08 out of a maximum score of 18. Condoms and immunisation were well-recognised preventive measures, but many misconceptions persisted. Better knowledge is associated with better attitudes regarding the likelihood of having sexual intercourse. Conclusions: This study reveals adolescents’ limited knowledge about sexually transmitted infections, misconceptions about prevention, and reliance on peers and the internet over trusted sources, highlighting the need for comprehensive sexual education in middle school. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive Medicine and Community Health)
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20 pages, 248 KiB  
Article
Developing a Theory-Based Instrument for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake in People of Color Using a Qualitative Approach
by Siddharth Raich, Christopher Johansen, Neeraj Bhandari, Kavita Batra and Manoj Sharma
Healthcare 2024, 12(16), 1595; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12161595 - 10 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1082
Abstract
There is a large disparity in Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization among communities of color compared to White Americans. There is also a lack of theory-based survey instruments to measure the underlying reasons for the disparity among communities of color. The purpose of this [...] Read more.
There is a large disparity in Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization among communities of color compared to White Americans. There is also a lack of theory-based survey instruments to measure the underlying reasons for the disparity among communities of color. The purpose of this study was to create an instrument based on a qualitative approach involving community interviews. Semi-structured interviews guided by the Multi-theory Model (MTM) of health behavior change were performed in a sample of 12 members from communities of color. The analysis entailed a directed content analysis along the themes of MTM constructs to develop a survey instrument. The barriers to PrEP that emerged included the cost of PrEP, lack of protection from other sexually transmitted diseases, reduced trust between partners, and the stigma associated with PrEP. The perceived disadvantages included the potential cost of PrEP, partner mistrust when taking PrEP, discussion of sexual behaviors with a provider, and unclear process of acquiring the PrEP prescription. The results guided the development of a survey tool to further investigate aspects of cost, partner relations, stigma, reassurance of safety, and other factors. The tool can be used for future studies as part of guided interventions to increase PrEP uptake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive Medicine and Community Health)
14 pages, 236 KiB  
Article
Factors Influencing Willingness to Undergo Lung Cancer Screening in the Future: A Cross-Sectional Study of Japanese University Students
by Yukihiro Mori, Manato Seguchi, Yoko Iio, Yuka Aoyama, Mamoru Tanaka, Hana Kozai and Morihiro Ito
Healthcare 2024, 12(8), 849; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12080849 - 17 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1322
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is currently the leading cause of cancer deaths in Japan. Early detection through lung cancer screening (LCS) is important for reducing mortality. Therefore, exploring the factors affecting willingness to undergo LCS, particularly among young people, is important. This study aimed [...] Read more.
Lung cancer (LC) is currently the leading cause of cancer deaths in Japan. Early detection through lung cancer screening (LCS) is important for reducing mortality. Therefore, exploring the factors affecting willingness to undergo LCS, particularly among young people, is important. This study aimed to elucidate the inclination toward LCS and its determining factors among Japanese university students. This cross-sectional study, involving 10,969 Japanese university students, was conducted in April 2023. A Pearson’s chi-square test and a binomial logistic regression analysis were used to analyze factors related to the dependent variable, willingness to undergo LCS in the future. Out of the 6779 participants (61.8%) involved in this study, 6504 (95.9%) provided valid responses, and 4609 (70.9%) expressed a willingness to undergo LCS in the future. Analysis revealed current smoking as a barrier to future willingness to undergo LCS. Other barriers included postponing the age of screening, anxiety about the screening content, and concerns about the possibility of having cancer after screening. Addressing barriers, such as current smoking and anxiety about screening, that prevent young people from undergoing LCS in the future is crucial. Therefore, universities should provide opportunities to educate students about LCS and explore various educational methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive Medicine and Community Health)
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