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Heritage
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Recent Developments, Innovative Approaches and New Challenges in the Study...
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Recent Developments, Innovative Approaches and New Challenges in the Study of Ancient Glass

A special issue of Heritage (ISSN 2571-9408).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 March 2023) | Viewed by 10624

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Monica Ganio

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Guest Editor
Getty Conservation Institute, 1200 Getty Center Dr., Los Angeles, CA 90049, USA
Interests: archaeological glass; archaeometry; archaeology; material characterization; spectroscopy; non-invasive techniques

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

One of the greatest achievements of the ancient world is the development of technologies that allowed glass to shift from being a luxury item to a widely available, everyday material that has permeated every level of society. Today, the study of ancient glass likewise benefits from technological advancements. Advanced instrumental techniques allow the composition of glass to be measured with increased precision, speed, and lower limits of detection. Advanced statistical data treatment methods enable researchers to better link these material findings with production methods, chronology, location, and the degree of recycling. These findings in turn provide insight into the sociopolitical and economic impact of glass in the ancient world.

This Special Issue on ancient glass aims to gather original research papers, communications, and review articles highlighting recent achievements in the study of ancient glass. Papers describing all aspects of ancient glass composition, production, recycling, and trade are welcome. Preference will be given to research utilizing micro-destructive or noninvasive analytical techniques and/or novel approaches that help overcome the intrinsic limitations of completely noninvasive approaches (e.g., higher limits of detection, limited range of elemental analysis, qualitative or semi-quantitative results). Likewise, papers are encouraged that describe the use of statistical data treatments, computer modeling, or other digital methods that facilitate the extraction of greater amounts of information from concurrent or previously acquired compositional data. This Special Issue will provide not only a reflection of the current state of the art of ancient glass studies but also a window into the future of the field.

Dr. Monica Ganio
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Heritage is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2984 KiB  
Article
Theban Glass Traditions in the 1st Millennium BCE, Greece: New LA-ICP-MS Data and Their Archaeological Implications
by Artemios Oikonomou, Maria Kaparou, Vid S. Šelih, Johannes T. van Elteren, Nikolaos Zacharias, Simon Chenery and Julian Henderson
Heritage 2023, 6(1), 705-723; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage6010038 - 16 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2898
Abstract
Thebes, located in Boeotia in central Greece, is archaeologically and historically attested to have been an important centre ever since the Early Bronze Age. Regularly sustained glass working, testified by numerous finds in burial and settlement contexts, must have taken place since the [...] Read more.
Thebes, located in Boeotia in central Greece, is archaeologically and historically attested to have been an important centre ever since the Early Bronze Age. Regularly sustained glass working, testified by numerous finds in burial and settlement contexts, must have taken place since the Mycenaean times. In the current study, 35 samples of glass beads (30) and vessels (5), dating roughly from the 7th to 1st cent. BCE (Archaic to the Hellenistic/Early Roman era) are the subject of research. The aim was to assess some technological aspects of the assemblage, provide a chemical fingerprint for it and suggest a likely provenance, in an attempt to discuss issues of glass consumption and trade at a given era and culture. A combination of quasi-destructive techniques was applied, namely LA-ICP-MS and SEM-EDS for the identification of the major, minor and trace element composition. The results have provided evidence for different technological choices, reflected in the choice of raw materials and different origins are suggested for the subgroups identified in the course of the study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments, Innovative Approaches and New Challenges in the Study of Ancient Glass)
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18 pages, 27329 KiB  
Article
Comparative Investigation of Red and Orange Roman Tesserae: Role of Cu and Pb in Colour Formation
by Cécile Noirot, Laurent Cormier, Nadine Schibille, Nicolas Menguy, Nicolas Trcera and Emiliano Fonda
Heritage 2022, 5(3), 2628-2645; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage5030137 - 9 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2333
Abstract
This study aims at the characterisation of red and orange glass tesserae from the 4th-century Roman villa of Noheda (Spain). Due to the limited number of analyses available for such ancient materials, many questions remain unanswered about the production processes in the Roman [...] Read more.
This study aims at the characterisation of red and orange glass tesserae from the 4th-century Roman villa of Noheda (Spain). Due to the limited number of analyses available for such ancient materials, many questions remain unanswered about the production processes in the Roman period. Six samples were chosen for their hue variations, including two samples showing banded patterns of red and orange. Differences in copper speciation were investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and compared with colour and compositional variations obtained by EPMA. The shapes and sizes of colouring crystals could be investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscope imaging. The brown-red colour is due to metallic copper nano-particles and corresponds to a low-copper and low-lead group usually described in the literature. The orange samples and bands are coloured by copper oxide Cu2O nanoparticles with remaining Cu+ in the glass and have greater contents of Cu. Compositional analyses reveal that the same base glass is used in the red and orange bands with additions of Cu, Sn, Pb and probable Fe. Furthermore, based on our results and on the literature review, a high-copper low-lead group of glasses highlights the variability of compositions observed in cuprite colours. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments, Innovative Approaches and New Challenges in the Study of Ancient Glass)
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Review

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29 pages, 2652 KiB  
Review
Known Glass Compositions in Iron Age Europe—Current Synthesis and Emerging Questions
by Valentina Lončarić and Mafalda Costa
Heritage 2023, 6(5), 3835-3863; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage6050204 - 24 Apr 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4313
Abstract
Ancient glass has been extensively studied from a technological and raw material provenance perspective since the middle of the 20th century. With the rising applications of analytical techniques in the field of Heritage Studies, the last two decades saw an exponential increase in [...] Read more.
Ancient glass has been extensively studied from a technological and raw material provenance perspective since the middle of the 20th century. With the rising applications of analytical techniques in the field of Heritage Studies, the last two decades saw an exponential increase in publications on ancient and historical glass technology from around the globe. Given the amount of works on glass chemical composition, it is surprising to note that the long-held production model for Iron Age glasses found in Europe has only recently been challenged by the publication of uncharacteristic glass compositions. Traditionally, LBA glass industries based on plant-ash fluxes/HMG (Egypt and the Levant) and mixed-alkali fluxes/LMHK (Italy) are thought to be supplanted by natron-fluxed/LMG production operating in Egypt and the Levant since around the 9th century BCE. Recently, however, arguments have been put forth for a more diversified network of glassmaking traditions, including small-scale autonomous European workshops. This article reviews the current state of research into Iron Age (1st millennium BCE) glasses in Europe by examining the available published data on glass compositions to critically assess some practical and theoretical issues stemming from this heterogenous field of research. Key questions are addressed, and future lanes of research are proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments, Innovative Approaches and New Challenges in the Study of Ancient Glass)
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