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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Care Sciences & Services".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (3 April 2023) | Viewed by 16954

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Dr. Paweł Wańkowicz

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Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, 71-204 Szczecin, Poland
Interests: stroke; COVID-19; mental health; SLE; autoimmunology; neurorehabilitation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and long-term disability. Over the last decade, there has been a marked decline in mortality resulting from stroke throughout much of Europe and the Western world, reflecting positive trends in the prevention of cardiovascular disease as a whole. These trends result from early implementation of primary prevention strategies, improved treatment and extensive rehabilitation treatment. As for stroke rehabilitation, there are many approaches including medications, physical therapy, technology-assisted training, cognitive or emotional treatment. In this special issue, authors are invited to submit a wide range of papers on evaluation, treatment techniques, and therapeutic strategies for patients with stroke.

Dr. Paweł Wańkowicz
Guest Editor

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Keywords

recovery
stroke
biomarker
rehabilitation
brain machine interface
medical intervention
constraint induced therapy

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13 pages, 671 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between the Cognitive-Related Behavioral Assessment Severity Stage and Activities of Daily Living Required for Discharge to Home in Patients with Stroke: A Cross-Sectional Study

by Yoshiaki Maki, Akiko Morita and Hyuma Makizako

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3005; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043005 - 9 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1883

Abstract

This study aimed to characterize cognitive function examined using Cognitive-related Behavioral Assessment (CBA) in activities of daily living (ADLs). According to CBA severity at discharge, 791 patients were assigned to five groups (most severe, severe, moderate, mild, and normal). The total scores for Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor items were compared for each group. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to clarify the association between CBA severity and independence in ADL items. Independence in each ADL according to CBA severity was 0–4.8%, 26.8–45.0%, 84.3–91.0%, and 97.2–100% for all ADLs in the most severe to severe, moderate, mild, and normal groups, respectively. Significant differences were found in the FIM motor score according to CBA severity between the groups (p < 0.01). A mild or normal CBA was associated with a higher odds ratio (OR) for dressing the upper body (OR = 21.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 13.50–35.70), bladder management (OR = 11.60; 95% CI, 7.21–18.60), transfers to the bed/chair/wheelchair (OR = 18.30; 95% CI, 11.40–29.40), transfers to the toilet (OR = 18.30; 95% CI, 11.40–29.30), and walking (OR = 6.60; 95% CI, 10.60–26.10). A CBA severity greater than mild (23 points) was associated with independence in ADLs that are important for discharge to home. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment and Rehabilitation after Stroke)

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16 pages, 1100 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Construction and Validation of the 17-Item Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL-17): A Comprehensive Short Scale to Assess the Functional, Psychosocial, and Therapeutic Factors of QOL among Stroke Survivors

by Fouad Sakr, Mariam Dabbous, Marwan Akel, Pascale Salameh and Hassan Hosseini

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 15668; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315668 - 25 Nov 2022

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2771

Abstract

(1) Background: The exiting stroke-specific quality of life (SS-QOL) measure scales are limited by their excessive length, inconsistent validity, and restricted breadths of assessment. The objectives of this study were to construct and validate a comprehensive short SS-QOL scale to assess stroke-related outcomes and QOL and determine the socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and pharmacotherapeutic predictors of QOL among stroke survivors. (2) Methods: The novel 17-item SS-QOL scale (SS-QOL-17) was constructed with the aim of providing a well-balanced measuring tool to depict QOL widely while ensuring the simplicity of administration. (3) Results: The SS-QOL-17 structure was validated over a solution of three factors with a Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy = 0.894 and a significant Bartlett’s test of sphericity (p < 0.001). The Cronbach’s alpha of the SS-QOL-17 was 0.903. Better QOL was correlated to financial wellbeing (beta 0.093, p < 0.001), and medication adherence (beta 0.305, p = 0.004), whereas reduced QOL was correlated to older age (beta −0.117, p = 0.014), illiteracy (beta −6.428, p < 0.001), unemployment (beta −6.170, p < 0.001), and higher amount of prescribed medication (beta −1.148, p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: The SS-QOL-17 is a valid and reliable tool with promising psychometric properties. It is useful in clinical practice and research settings to evaluate the post-stroke therapeutic and rehabilitation outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment and Rehabilitation after Stroke)

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10 pages, 709 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Task-Oriented Activities Training on Upper-Limb Function, Daily Activities, and Quality of Life in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

by Abdulrahman M. Alsubiheen, Wonho Choi, Wonjong Yu and Haneul Lee

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(21), 14125; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114125 - 29 Oct 2022

Cited by 20 | Viewed by 9022

Abstract

This randomized controlled study aimed to investigate the effects of 8-week task-oriented activities of daily living (T-ADL) training on upper limb functions, activities of daily living (ADL), and quality of life (QoL) in chronic stroke patients. The 33 patients were randomly assigned to the T-ADL training or conventional occupational therapy (OT) group. The respective interventions were provided for 45-min a day, five times a week for eight weeks. To compare the upper-limb function before and after the intervention, the manual function test (MFT), box and block test (BBT), and grasp power test were performed; to compare the level of ADL performance, the modified-Barthel index (MBI) was measured. To evaluate QoL, stroke-specific QoL was measured. There was a significant group-by-time interaction in the affected side MFT score and both sides of BBT scores, but no significant interaction was found in the unaffected side MFT score, ADL, and QoL. Both groups showed a significant main effect of time in their ADL and QoL after the intervention (p < 0.001). The results of this study indicate that the eight-week T-ADL training has a positive effect on upper limb functions and gross manual dexterity, and both T-ADL training and conventional OT are effective in improving ADL and QoL in chronic stroke patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment and Rehabilitation after Stroke)

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13 pages, 3662 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Botulinum Toxin and Dynamic Splint Restore Grasping Function after Stroke: A Case Report

by Denis Moskiewicz, Małgorzata Mraz and Dagmara Chamela-Bilińska

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(6), 4873; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064873 - 10 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2620

Abstract

Evidence on the effectiveness of upper extremity rehabilitation post-stroke is inconclusive. We evaluated a tailored therapeutic program with dynamic splint and botulinum toxin injections for the treatment of upper extremity muscle spasticity. A case of a 43-year-old woman with chronic spastic hemiparesis after ischemic stroke with significant mobility impairment in the left upper extremity was described. A 16-week program consisted of three 50-min sessions daily and focused on grasping and releasing with and without the splint. The patient was evaluated before botulinum toxin injection and after 6, 12 and 16 weeks according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, and included the following scales: Fugl-Meyer Upper Extremity Assessment (FMA-UE), Modified Ashworth Scale, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), MyotonPro, Stroke Impact Scale, Box and Blocks. Photographic documentation made before and after the experiment was compared. Motor functions improved by 19.7% on FMA-UE, spasticity was reduced by one degree and pain at rest and during activity decreased by one score on NRS. A reduction in the oscillation frequency of the relaxed muscle and the stiffness of the examined muscles was observed. The patient regained grasping function. Health-related quality of life was systematically improving with a 35% increase at week 16 compared to the baseline. The combination treatment for spasticity based on botulinum toxin and SaeboFlex^® dynamic splint in a patient with chronic spastic hemiparesis reduces disability and improves quality of life. However, further research is needed to investigate the treatment results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Treatment and Rehabilitation after Stroke)

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