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Morphological Determinants of Human Health

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Guest Editor
Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia 7500912, Chile
Interests: human health; morphological determinants of human health; sexual dimorphism in human health and forensic medicine; health with a gender approach; evidence-based morphology; science communication

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Knowledge of the structure and function of the healthy human body is fundamental to the understanding of pathological processes, from classical macroscopic anatomy to the cellular and molecular processes involved. Morphology allows us an approach to personalized medicine and is regularly present in the physical examination of the patient, in imaging studies, and in surgical procedures, among others. It is necessary that this knowledge be contextualized to the different human groups, and it must be addressed throughout the life cycle and with a gender approach.

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) focuses on the current state of knowledge of the structure and function of the normal human body, its variations in different human groups, and its impact on health condition. Research articles, series and case reports, and systematic reviews of morphological literature are welcome.

We will accept manuscripts from different disciplines, including basic biomedical, clinical, and surgical sciences that relate morphological aspects to human health. We will give special importance to studies that present evidence of morphological determinants of health with a gender focus.

Prof. Dr. Iván Claudio Suazo-Galdames
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • structure and function
  • evidence-based morphology
  • determinants of health
  • prevention
  • treatment
  • medicine with a gender approach
  • morbidity
  • anatomical variations
  • surgical access
  • biometrics
  • sexual dimorphism
  • life cycle
  • maintenance of health
  • clinical anatomy
  • surgical anatomy

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2679 KiB  
Article
Three-Dimensional Evaluation of the Frontal Sinus in Koreans
by Jeong-Hyun Lee and Jong-Tae Park
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 9605; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159605 - 4 Aug 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1794
Abstract
(1) Background: Among the four paranasal sinuses, the frontal sinus is in the frontal bone. Recent research trends have been focusing on identifying sex based on the frontal sinus. Thus, this study aimed to provide reference data for the frontal sinus in Korean [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Among the four paranasal sinuses, the frontal sinus is in the frontal bone. Recent research trends have been focusing on identifying sex based on the frontal sinus. Thus, this study aimed to provide reference data for the frontal sinus in Korean adults by comparing their sizes using a 3D program. Moreover, this study examined the correlation between the size of the frontal sinus and the length of cranial bone. (2) Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data were obtained from 60 (male 30, female 30) patients in their 20 s who visited the Department of Dankook University Hospital (DKUDH IRB 2020-01-007). The provided patient CBCT data were utilized to reconstruct the patients’ frontal sinuses and cranial bones in 3D using the Mimics (version 22.0, Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) 3D program. All measurements were analyzed using SPSS (ver. 23.0, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). (3) Results: By comparing the frontal sinus size of Korean adults according to sex using a 3D program, this study revealed that males had larger frontal sinuses than females. (4) Conclusions: The findings of this study could help in preventing complications that occur in various clinical treatments and analyzing the growth of the frontal sinus in the future. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Morphological Determinants of Human Health)
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11 pages, 2366 KiB  
Article
Overnutrition, Nasopharyngeal Pathogenic Bacteria and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Infants with Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
by Guisselle Arias-Bravo, Gustavo Valderrama, Jaime Inostroza, Cecilia Tapia, Daniela Toro-Ascuy, Octavio Ramilo, Paz Orellana, Nicolás Cifuentes-Muñoz, Francisco Zorondo-Rodríguez, Asunción Mejias and Loreto F. Fuenzalida
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(14), 8781; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148781 - 19 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1915
Abstract
Background: Little is known about the interaction between the nasopharyngeal bacterial profile and the nutritional status in children. In this study, our main goal was to evaluate the associations between overnutrition and the presence of four potentially pathogenic bacteria in the nasopharynx of [...] Read more.
Background: Little is known about the interaction between the nasopharyngeal bacterial profile and the nutritional status in children. In this study, our main goal was to evaluate the associations between overnutrition and the presence of four potentially pathogenic bacteria in the nasopharynx of infants with viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). In addition, we determined whether changes in the nasopharyngeal bacterial profile were associated with mucosal and serum proinflammatory cytokines and with clinical disease severity. Methods: We enrolled 116 children less than 2 years old hospitalized for viral LRTI during two consecutive respiratory seasons (May 2016 to August 2017); their nutritional status was assessed, and nasopharyngeal and blood samples were obtained. S. aureus, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, and respiratory viruses were identified in nasopharyngeal samples by qPCR. Cytokine concentrations were measured in nasopharyngeal and blood samples. Disease severity was assessed by the length of hospitalization and oxygen therapy. Results: Nasopharyngeal pathogenic bacteria were identified in 96.6% of the enrolled children, and 80% of them tested positive for two or more bacteria. The presence and loads of M. catarrhalis was higher (p = 0.001 and p = 0.022, respectively) in children with overnutrition (n = 47) compared with those with normal weights (n = 69). In addition, the detection of >2 bacteria was more frequent in children with overnutrition compared to those with normal weight (p = 0.02). Multivariate regression models showed that the presence and loads of S. pneumoniae and M. catarrhalis were associated with higher concentrations of IL-6 in plasma and TNF-α in mucosal samples in children with overnutrition. Conclusions: The nasopharyngeal profile of young children with overnutrition was characterized by an over representation of pathogenic bacteria and proinflammatory cytokines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Morphological Determinants of Human Health)
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