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Nutrition for Older People
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Nutrition for Older People

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Global Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2019) | Viewed by 12708

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Stijn Soenen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Bond University Nutrition and Dietetics (BUND) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine (HSM), Bond University, Queensland 4299, Australia
2. Centre of Research Excellence (CRE) in Translating Nutritional Science to Good Health, Discipline of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network (CALHN), Adelaide 5000, Australia
Interests: malnutrition (obesity and undernutrition); macronutrients; energy balance; body composition; function; dietary protein; gut hormones; type 2 diabetes; ageing
Dr. Skye Marshall

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The populations of Western countries are ageing rapidly. The ageing process causes many physical and psychological changes, such as decreased food intake and increased comorbities, which place older adults at higher risk of nutrition-related disease. The prevalence of many nutrition-related chronic conditions, including gastrointestinal disease, cardiovascular disorders, respiratory disease, arthritis, cancer, and declined brain function, is high in people of advanced age and represents a major source of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.

This Special Issue seeks papers on nutrition in older people, including the evaluation of nutrition assessment and diagnostic methods, dietary interventions for improved healthy ageing or chronic disease management, and epidemiological and mechanistic studies. Original research, systematic reviews, and high-quality narrative reviews will be considered.

Dr. Stijn Soenen
Dr. Skye Marshall
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Ageing
  • Aged care
  • Geriatric rehabilitation
  • Screening
  • Nutrition assessment
  • Cost-efficacy
  • Cost-benefit
  • Caregiver
  • Health
  • Quality of life
  • Chronic disease
  • Obesity
  • Protein-energy malnutrition
  • Sarcopenia
  • Frailty
  • Cachexia
  • Cognitive function
  • Body composition
  • Physical function
  • Gut function
  • Nutrition intervention
  • Macronutrients
  • Micronutrients

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1214 KiB  
Article
Effect of Nutritional Intervention Programs on Nutritional Status and Readmission Rate in Malnourished Older Adults with Pneumonia: A Randomized Control Trial
by Pei-Hsin Yang, Meng-Chih Lin, Yi-Ying Liu, Chia-Lun Lee and Nai-Jen Chang
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(23), 4758; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234758 - 27 Nov 2019
Cited by 40 | Viewed by 6976
Abstract
Pneumonia leads to changes in body composition and weakness due to the malnourished condition. In addition, patient family caregivers always have a lack of nutritional information, and they do not know how to manage patients’ nutritional intake during hospitalization and after discharge. Most [...] Read more.
Pneumonia leads to changes in body composition and weakness due to the malnourished condition. In addition, patient family caregivers always have a lack of nutritional information, and they do not know how to manage patients’ nutritional intake during hospitalization and after discharge. Most intervention studies aim to provide nutritional support for older patients. However, whether long-term nutritional intervention by dietitians and caregivers from patients’ families exert clinical effects—particularly in malnourished pneumonia—on nutritional status and readmission rate at each interventional phase, from hospitalization to postdischarge, remains unclear. To investigate the effects of an individualized nutritional intervention program (iNIP) on nutritional status and readmission rate in older adults with pneumonia during hospitalization and three and six months after discharge. Eighty-two malnourished older adults with a primary diagnosis of pneumonia participated. Patients were randomly allocated to either a nutrition intervention (NI) group or a standard care (SC) group. Participants in the NI group received an iNIP according to energy and protein intake requirements in addition to dietary advice based on face-to-face interviews with their family caregivers during hospitalization. After discharge, phone calls were adopted for prescribing iNIPs. Anthropometry (i.e., body mass index, limb circumference, and subcutaneous fat thickness), blood parameters (i.e., albumin and total lymphocyte count), hospital stay, Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) score, target daily calorie intake, total calorie intake adherence rate, and three-major-nutrient intakes were assessed during hospitalization and three and six months after discharge. Both groups received regular follow-up through phone calls. Furthermore, the rate of readmission resulting from pneumonia was recorded after discharge. During hospital stay, the NI group showed significant increases in daily calorie intake, total calorie intake adherence rate, and protein intake compared with the SC group (p < 0.05); however, no significant difference was found in anthropometry, blood biochemical values, MNA-SF scores, and hospital stay. At three and six months after discharge, the NI group showed significantly higher daily calorie intake and MNA-SF scores (8.2 vs. 6.5 scores at three months; 9.3 vs. 7.6 scores at six months) than did the SC group (p < 0.05). After adjusting for sex, the readmission rate for pneumonia significantly decreased by 77% in the NI group compared with that in the SC group (p = 0.03, OR: 0.228, 95% CI: 0.06–0.87). A six-month iNIP under dietitian and patient family nutritional support for malnourished older adults with pneumonia can significantly improve their nutritional status and reduce the readmission rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition for Older People)
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11 pages, 301 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Determinants of Undernutrition in A Sample of Dutch Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Results from Two Online Screening Tools
by Jos W. Borkent, Elke Naumann, Emmelyne Vasse, Ellen van der Heijden and Marian A. E. de van der Schueren
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(9), 1562; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16091562 - 4 May 2019
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 5106
Abstract
To stimulate undernutrition screening among Dutch community-dwelling adults, a website was developed with general information on healthy eating for healthy aging and self-tests. Based on cross-sectional data obtained from the self-tests, we studied nutritional risk factors (early determinants) as well as risk of [...] Read more.
To stimulate undernutrition screening among Dutch community-dwelling adults, a website was developed with general information on healthy eating for healthy aging and self-tests. Based on cross-sectional data obtained from the self-tests, we studied nutritional risk factors (early determinants) as well as risk of undernutrition (late symptoms). SCREEN II (n = 2470) was used to asses nutritional risk factors. This tool consists of 16 items regarding nutritional intake, perception of body weight, appetite, oral health and meal preparation. An adjusted SNAQ65+ (n = 687) was used to assess risk of undernutrition. This four-item tool contains questions on weight loss, appetite, walking stairs and body mass index. Differences between age-groups (65–74, 75–84, ≥85) were tested by logistic regression. Overall prevalence of nutritional risk factors was 84.1%, and increased risk of undernutrition was 56.8%. Participants aged ≥85 scored worst on almost all items of the SCREEN II and the SNAQ65+. In conclusion: A large proportion of older adults reported early determinants for increased nutrition risk, while a smaller, yet remarkable proportion scored positive on undernutrition risk. Internet screening may be a useful, contemporary, and easy, accessible way to reach older adults who are at nutritional risk and may thus contribute to early identification and prevention of undernutrition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition for Older People)
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