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Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Section Environmental Microbiology

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 14710

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. David Rodríguez-Lázaro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Microbiology Division, Faculty of Sciences, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
2. Research Centre for Emerging Pathogens and Global Health, University of Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
Interests: food-borne pathogens; food safety; food microbiology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am pleased to announce this Collection titled “Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Section ‘Environmental Microbiology’”. This issue will be a collection of papers from our Section Editorial Board Members and researchers invited by the Editorial Board Members. The aim is to provide a venue for networking and communication between IJERPH and scholars in the field of environmental microbiology. All papers will be published with fully open access after peer review.

Prof. Dr. David Rodríguez-Lázaro
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 751 KiB  
Article
Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oils Obtained from Autochthonous Aromatic Plants
by Francisco Ramiro Boy, María José Benito, María de Guía Córdoba, Alicia Rodríguez and Rocío Casquete
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 1657; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031657 - 17 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2404
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of six plants widely distributed in the Dehesa of Extremadura, such as Calendula officinalis, Cistus ladanifer, Cistus salviifolius, Cistus multiflorus, Lavandula stoechas, and [...] Read more.
The aim of this work was to determine the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of six plants widely distributed in the Dehesa of Extremadura, such as Calendula officinalis, Cistus ladanifer, Cistus salviifolius, Cistus multiflorus, Lavandula stoechas, and Rosmarinus officinalis. The content of total phenolic compounds (TPC) and the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils against pathogenic and spoilage bacteria and yeasts as well as aflatoxin-producing molds were determined. A great variability was observed in the composition of the essential oils obtained from the six aromatic plants. The Cistus ladanifer essential oil had the highest content of total phenols (287.32 ppm), followed by the Cistus salviifolius essential oil; and the Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil showed the lowest amount of these compounds. The essential oils showed inhibitory effects on the tested bacteria and also yeasts, showing a maximum inhibition diameter of 11.50 mm for Salmonella choleraesuis and Kregervanrija fluxuum in the case of Cistus ladanifer and a maximum diameter of 9 mm for Bacillus cereus and 9.50 mm for Priceomyces carsonii in the case of Cistus salviifolius. The results stated that antibacterial and antiyeast activity is influenced by the concentration and the plant material used for essential oil preparation. In molds, aflatoxin production was inhibited by all the essential oils, especially the essential oils of Cistus ladanifer and Cistus salviifolius. Therefore, it can be concluded that the essential oils of native plants have significant antimicrobial properties against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms, so they could be studied for their use in the industry as they are cheap, available, and non-toxic plants that favor the sustainability of the environment of the Dehesa of Extremeña. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Section Environmental Microbiology)
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16 pages, 1487 KiB  
Article
Effect of Humin and Chemical Factors on CO2-Fixing Acetogenesis and Methanogenesis
by Biec Nhu Ha, Duyen Minh Pham, Takuya Kasai, Takanori Awata and Arata Katayama
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(5), 2546; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19052546 - 22 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3475
Abstract
Acetogenesis and methanogenesis have attracted attention as CO2-fixing reactions. Humin, a humic substance insoluble at any pH, has been found to assist CO2-fixing acetogenesis as the sole electron donor. Here, using two CO2-fixing consortia with acetogenic and [...] Read more.
Acetogenesis and methanogenesis have attracted attention as CO2-fixing reactions. Humin, a humic substance insoluble at any pH, has been found to assist CO2-fixing acetogenesis as the sole electron donor. Here, using two CO2-fixing consortia with acetogenic and methanogenic activities, the effect of various parameters on these activities was examined. One consortium utilized humin and hydrogen (H2) as electron donors for acetogenesis, either separately or simultaneously, but with a preference for the electron use from humin. The acetogenic activity was accelerated 14 times by FeS at 0.2 g/L as the optimal concentration, while being inhibited by MgSO4 at concentration above 0.02 g/L and by NaCl at concentrations higher than 6 g/L. Another consortium did not utilize humin but H2 as electron donor, suggesting that humin was not a universal electron donor for acetogenesis. For methanogenesis, both consortia did not utilize extracellular electrons from humin unless H2 was present. The methanogenesis was promoted by FeS at 0.2 g/L or higher concentrations, especially without humin, and with NaCl at 2 g/L or higher concentrations regardless of the presence of humin, while no significant effect was observed with MgSO4. Comparative sequence analysis of partial 16S rRNA genes suggested that minor groups were the humin-utilizing acetogens in the consortium dominated by Clostridia, while Methanobacterium was the methanogen utilizing humin with H2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Section Environmental Microbiology)
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14 pages, 2402 KiB  
Article
Conversion of Waste Cooking Oil to Rhamnolipid by a Newly Oleophylic Pseudomonas aeruginosa WO2
by Shu Shi, Zedong Teng, Jianwei Liu and Tinggang Li
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1700; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031700 - 1 Feb 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2625
Abstract
The components of waste cooking oil (WCO) are complex and contain toxic substances, which are difficult to treat biologically. Pseudomonas aeruginosa WO2 was isolated from oily sludge by an anaerobic enrichment–aerobic screening method, which could efficiently utilize WCO and produce rhamnolipid. The effects [...] Read more.
The components of waste cooking oil (WCO) are complex and contain toxic substances, which are difficult to treat biologically. Pseudomonas aeruginosa WO2 was isolated from oily sludge by an anaerobic enrichment–aerobic screening method, which could efficiently utilize WCO and produce rhamnolipid. The effects of nutrients and culture conditions on bacterial growth and lipase activity were investigated to optimize the fermentation of WCO. The results showed that strain WO2 utilized 92.25% of WCO and produced 3.03 g/L of rhamnolipid at 120 h. Compared with inorganic sources, the organic nitrogen source stabilized the pH of fermentation medium, improved lipase activity (up to 19.98 U/mL), and promoted the utilization of WCO. Furthermore, the WO2 strain exhibited inferior utilization ability of the soluble starch contained in food waste, but superior salt stress up to 60 g/L. These unique characteristics demonstrate the potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa WO2 for the utilization of high-salinity oily organic waste or wastewater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Section Environmental Microbiology)
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Review

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24 pages, 1889 KiB  
Review
Classical and Next-Generation Vaccine Platforms to SARS-CoV-2: Biotechnological Strategies and Genomic Variants
by Rachel Siqueira de Queiroz Simões and David Rodríguez-Lázaro
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(4), 2392; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042392 - 18 Feb 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 5212
Abstract
Several coronaviruses (CoVs) have been identified as human pathogens, including the α-CoVs strains HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 and the β-CoVs strains HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43. SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 are also classified as β-coronavirus. New SARS-CoV-2 spike genomic variants are responsible for human-to-human and interspecies [...] Read more.
Several coronaviruses (CoVs) have been identified as human pathogens, including the α-CoVs strains HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 and the β-CoVs strains HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43. SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 are also classified as β-coronavirus. New SARS-CoV-2 spike genomic variants are responsible for human-to-human and interspecies transmissibility, consequences of adaptations of strains from animals to humans. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 binds to receptor ACE2 in humans and animal species with high affinity, suggesting there have been adaptive genomic variants. New genomic variants including the incorporation, replacement, or deletion of the amino acids at a variety of positions in the S protein have been documented and are associated with the emergence of new strains adapted to different hosts. Interactions between mutated residues and RBD have been demonstrated by structural modelling of variants including D614G, B.1.1.7, B1.351, P.1, P2; other genomic variants allow escape from antibodies generated by vaccines. Epidemiological and molecular tools are being used for real-time tracking of pathogen evolution and particularly new SARS-CoV-2 variants. COVID-19 vaccines obtained from classical and next-generation vaccine production platforms have entered clinicals trials. Biotechnology strategies of the first generation (attenuated and inactivated virus–CoronaVac, CoVaxin; BBIBP-CorV), second generation (replicating-incompetent vector vaccines–ChAdOx-1; Ad5-nCoV; Sputnik V; JNJ-78436735 vaccine-replicating-competent vector, protein subunits, virus-like particles–NVX-CoV2373 vaccine), and third generation (nucleic-acid vaccines–INO-4800 (DNA); mRNA-1273 and BNT 162b (RNA vaccines) have been used. Additionally, dendritic cells (LV-SMENP-DC) and artificial antigen-presenting (aAPC) cells modified with lentiviral vector have also been developed to inhibit viral activity. Recombinant vaccines against COVID-19 are continuously being applied, and new clinical trials have been tested by interchangeability studies of viral vaccines developed by classical and next-generation platforms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exclusive Papers Collection of Editorial Board Members in Section Environmental Microbiology)
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