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Prostate Cancer, Male Reproductive and Sexual Health

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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Behavior, Chronic Disease and Health Promotion".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 8122

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Michele Marchioni

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Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Orali e Biotecnologiche, University of G. d'Annunzio Chieti and Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
Interests: prostate cancer; urology; kidney cancer; prostate; urologic oncology; endourology; urolithiasis; Robotics & Minimally Invasive Urology; surgical oncology; BPH
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Luigi Schips

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Department of Urology, “Padre Pio da Pietrelcina” Hospital, Via S. Camillo del Lellis, 66054 Vasto, Italy
Interests: prostate cancer; urology; kidney cancer; prostate; urologic oncology; endourology; urolithiasis; robotics & minimally invasive urology; surgical oncology; BPH
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant in men. Most frequently prostate cancer is diagnosed as a localized disease and several treatments are available, including surgery, active surveillance and radiotherapy. However, all these treatments might have an impact on sexual and reproductive male health. The aim of this special issue is to investigate the relationship between prostate cancer diagnosis, not only in a localized stage, and male reproductive and sexual wellbeing. In particular we would like to focus our attention on the effect of both diagnosis and treatment on this important aspect of male patients life.

Dr. Michele Marchioni
Prof. Dr. Luigi Schips
Guest Editors

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Keywords

Prostate cancer and fertility
Prostate cancer and erectile function
Prostate cancer and sexual pleasure

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Research

17 pages, 4437 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of Curcumin and Lactoferrin to Inhibit the Growth and Migration of Prostatic Cancer Cells

by Erica Costantini, Marta Di Nicola, Michele Marchioni, Lisa Aielli, Marcella Reale and Luigi Schips

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 16193; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192316193 - 3 Dec 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2011

Abstract

Prostate cancer remains one of the main causes of death for men worldwide. Despite recent advances in cancer treatment, patients develop resistance after an initial period of optimal efficacy. Nowadays, it is accepted that natural compounds can result in health benefits with a preventive or adjuvant effect. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of curcumin (CU), a bioactive compound in the spice turmeric, and lactoferrin (LF), a natural glycoprotein with immunomodulatory properties, on DU145 and PC3. Prostate cancer cells were cultured with and without LF (175 μM) and CU (2.5 μg/mL and 5 μg/mL), alone and in combination. Cell viability, migration ability, death receptors (DRs), and integrins (α3, β1) gene expression were evaluated, as well as human annexin V quantification and Akt phosphorylation. Differences among cells group, defined according to the treatment used, were assessed with ANOVA. The results showed that the effects of CU and LF are different between the two prostatic cell lines analyzed. In DU145, a reduction in cell proliferation and migration is reported both in the presence of single and combined treatments. In PC3 cells, there is a significant reduction in proliferation in the presence of CU alone, while the inhibition of migration is mainly related to the LF treatment and its combination with CU, compared to untreated cells. Moreover, the reduction in gene expression of integrins and Akt pathway activation were observed mostly in the presence of the CU and LF combination, including the upregulation of DR and annexin V levels, with greater significance for the DU145 cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that CU and LF may have a potentially beneficial effect, mainly when administered in combination, leading to a reduction in cancer cells’ aggressiveness. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer, Male Reproductive and Sexual Health)

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11 pages, 1478 KiB

Open AccessArticle

MRI-Derived Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of Peri-Prostatic Adipose Tissue Is a Potential Determinant of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness in Preoperative Setting: A Preliminary Report

by Alessandro Tafuri, Andrea Panunzio, Federico Greco, Antonella Maglietta, Francesco De Carlo, Federica Di Cosmo, Elia Luperto, Mino Rizzo, Arturo Cavaliere, Rita De Mitri, Federico Zacheo, Marco Baviello, Alessandra Cimino, Marco Pisino, Luca Giordano, Caterina Accettura, Antonio Benito Porcaro, Alessandro Antonelli, Maria Angela Cerruto, Elisa Ciurlia, Silvana Leo, Luigi Giuseppe Quarta and Vincenzo Pagliarulo Show full author list Hide full author list

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(23), 15996; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315996 - 30 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1647

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to test the association between periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT)—apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value recorded at multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and determinants of prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness in the preoperative setting. Methods: Data from 219 consecutive patients undergoing prostate biopsy (PBx) for suspicion of PCa, between January 2020 and June 2022, at our institution were retrospectively evaluated. Only patients who had mpMRI performed before PBx were included. The distribution of demographics and clinical features among PPAT-ADC values up to vs. above the median was studied using both parametric and non-parametric tests, according to variables. Linear and logistic regression models tested the association between PPAT-ADC values and determinants of PCa aggressiveness and the presence of intermediate-high risk PCa, respectively. Results: Of 132 included patients, 76 (58%) had PCa. Median PPAT-ADC was 876 (interquartile range: 654 − 1112) × 10⁻⁶ mm²/s. Patients with PPAT-ADC up to the median had a higher rate of PIRADS (Prostate Imaging—Reporting and Data System) 5 lesions (41% vs. 23%, p = 0.032), a higher percentage of PBx positive cores (25% vs. 6%, p = 0.049) and more frequently harbored ISUP (International Society of Urological Pathology) > 1 PCa (50% vs. 28%, p = 0.048). At univariable linear regression analyses, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), PSA density, PIRADS 5, and percentage of PBx positive cores were associated with lower PPAT-ADC values. PPAT-ADC up to the median was an independent predictor for intermediate-high risk PCa (odds ratio: 3.24, 95%CI: 1.17–9.46, p = 0.026) after adjustment for age and body mass index. Conclusions: Lower PPAT-ADC values may be associated with higher biopsy ISUP grade group PCa and a higher percentage of PBx-positive cores. Higher-level studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer, Male Reproductive and Sexual Health)

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8 pages, 1432 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Novel Nomogram Based on Initial Features to Predict BPH Progression

by Lorenzo G. Luciani, Daniele Mattevi, Daniele Ravanelli, Umberto Anceschi, Guido Giusti, Tommaso Cai and Umberto Rozzanigo

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 9738; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159738 - 8 Aug 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1744

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish a tool to identify patients at risk for pharmaceutical and surgical interventions for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)-related lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) over a 10 year follow-up. Methods: The data of patients with mild to moderate male LUTS undergoing phytotherapy from January to December 2010 were reviewed. Patients were followed for 10 years through medical visits and telephone consultations. The outcomes were (1) treatment switch from phytotherapy or no therapy to alpha-blockers or 5α-reductase inhibitors (5-ARI), and (2) clinical progression (acute urinary retention or need for surgery). Two calibrated nomograms (one for each outcome) were constructed on significant predictors at multivariate analysis. Results: A total of 107 patients with a median age of 55 years at presentation were included; 47% stopped or continued phytotherapy, while 53% switched to alpha-blockers and/or 5-ARI after a median time of 24 months. One-third in the second group experienced clinical progression after a median time of 54 months. Age, symptom score, peak flow rate (Qmax), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and post-void residual volume were significantly associated with the outcomes. According to our nomograms, patients switching therapy or progressing clinically had average scores of 75% and 40% in the dedicated nomograms, respectively, as compared to 25% and <5% in patients who did not reach any outcome. Conclusions: We developed a nomogram to predict the risk of pharmaceutical or surgical interventions for BPH-related LUTS at 10 years from presentation. On the basis of our models, thresholds of >75% and >40% for high risk and <25% and <5% for low risk of pharmaceutical or surgical interventions, respectively, can be proposed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer, Male Reproductive and Sexual Health)

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9 pages, 673 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pre and Postoperative Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Leriche Syndrome—A Prospective Pilot Study

by Michał Tkocz, Anna Brzęk, Mateusz Marcinek, Violetta Skrzypulec-Plinta and Damian Ziaja

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(5), 3091; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19053091 - 6 Mar 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1939

Abstract

Background: Recovery of normal arterial inflow in the lower limbs after Leriche’s syndrome surgery does not always improve erection. This study assesses the effects of Leriche syndrome on erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction in patients awaiting surgical treatment and the impact of treatment used on sexual dysfunctions. Methods: 35 men with Leriche syndrome aged 61.3 years (SD = 7.74) were assessed for erectile dysfunction. The patients were classified into three groups: aortofemoral bypass (group 1); stenting of the iliac artery (group 2) and aortobifemoral bypass (group 3). The patients were qualified for surgery based on the TASC II guidelines. Follow-up was done 3 months after treatment. Results: The mean preoperative IIEF-5 score was 14. 69 (+/− 5.30), with better preoperative scores obtained by 54.3% of patients. A total of 51.4% and 48.6% of patients, respectively, reported normal erection enabling satisfactory penetration and normal ejaculation before treatment. After surgical treatment, satisfactory erection was reported by 60% of all surgically treated patients, whereas the presence of ejaculation was reported by only 14.2% of patients. Conclusions: The IIEF-5 score is a tool for careful assessment of vascular erectile dysfunctions, it allows for the evaluation of erectile dysfunctions in relation to atherosclerosis risk factors. The treatment strategy used allowed for slight improvement as evidenced to erection but decreasing normal ejaculation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer, Male Reproductive and Sexual Health)

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