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A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Oral Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 35807

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Joanna Baginska

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Guest Editor

Department of Dentistry Propaedeutics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: epidemiology of dental caries; tooth loss; oral-health-related quality of life

Assoc. Prof. Ewa Joanna Rodakowska

E-Mail Website
Assistant Guest Editor

Department of Clinical Dentistry- cariology section, University of Bergen, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
Interests: epidemiology; oral-health-related quality of life; management of non-cavitated carious lesions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oral health is closely related to systemic health. Dental caries, periodontitis, and oral cancers share the risk factors common to a number of non-communicable diseases. Systemic conditions affect oral health through changes in patient behavior, due to therapeutic procedures or directly through pathological pathways. Poor dental condition contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and other diseases.

A consequence of untreated dental caries and periodontitis is tooth loss. Edentulism and severe tooth loss directly influence many aspects of general health. It is significantly associated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, dementia, and other general conditions. By decreasing the chewing ability, it contributes to dietary changes and worsens the state of nutrition. Tooth loss also affects social functions and the quality of life. On the other hand, poor general health increases the risk of edentulism. A side effect of polypharmacy is an alternation of the salivary flow, resulting in an increased rate of tooth loss.

Toothlessness seems to be one of the main problems of ageing, and it could serve as an indicator of accelerated ageing. Due to the growing number of elderly people, edentulism may be a challenge for public health. Moreover, socioeconomic inequalities in dental and medical care may result in different burdens of tooth loss between countries and regions.

Multifaceted and complex relationships between tooth loss and general health are excessively investigated; however, further studies are required to determine whether causal links exist. This Special Issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) focuses on connections between tooth loss and general health. We welcome research papers, reviews, case reports, and commentaries presenting the current state of knowledge.

Assoc. Prof. Joanna Baginska
Assoc. Prof. Ewa Joanna Rodakowska
Guest Editors

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Keywords

Tooth loss
Toothlessness
Edentulism
Oral health
General health
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes mellitus
Stoke
Kidney disease
Polypharmacy
Elderly
Ageing

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Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review, Other

11 pages, 391 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Tooth Loss and Caries Experience of Elderly Chileans in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Five Regions of Chile

by Víctor Beltrán, Marco Flores, Cristina Sanzana, Fernanda Muñoz-Sepúlveda, Eloy Alvarado, Bernardo Venegas, Juan Carlos Molina, Sandra Rueda-Velásquez and Alfredo von Marttens

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3001; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043001 - 9 Feb 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2191

Abstract

Risk factors associated with tooth loss have been studied; however, the current status of the epidemiological profiles and the impact of the pandemic on the oral health of the elderly is still unknown. This study aims to determine the experience of caries and tooth loss among elderly Chilean citizens in five regions and to identify the risk factors associated with tooth loss. The sample includes 135 participants over 60 years old assessed during COVID-19 lockdown. Sociodemographic variables such as education and RSH (Social Registry of Households) were obtained through a teledentistry platform called TEGO. The history of chronic diseases such as diabetes, obesity, depression and dental caries reported by DMFT index scores were incorporated. The statistical analysis included Adjusted Odds Ratios (ORs) to assess risk factors associated with the lack of functional dentition. Multivariate hypothesis testing was used to compare the mean equality of DMFT and its components between regions (p-value < 0.05). Individuals with RSH ≤ 40% were at higher risk of having no functional dentition with OR 4.56 (95% CI: 1.71, 12.17). The only mean difference between regions was the filled tooth component. Tooth loss was associated with multidimensional lower income, where the elderly belonging to the 40% most vulnerable population had a higher prevalence of non-functional dentition. This study highlights the importance of implementing a National Oral Health Policy that focuses on oral health promotion and minimally invasive dentistry for the most vulnerable population. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

11 pages, 648 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Understanding the Link between Household Food Insecurity and Self-Rated Oral Health in Ghana

by Daniel Amoak, Joseph Asumah Braimah, Williams Agyemang-Duah, Nancy Osei Kye, Florence Wullo Anfaara, Yujiro Sano and Roger Antabe

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 121; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010121 - 22 Dec 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2424

Abstract

There is increasing scholarly attention on the role of food insecurity on the health of older adults in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana. Yet, we know very little about the association between food insecurity and self-rated oral health. To address this void in the literature, this study uses a representative survey of adults aged 60 or older from three regions in Ghana to examine whether respondents who experienced household food insecurity rated their oral health as poor compared to their counterparts who did not. We found that 34% of respondents rated their oral health as poor, while 7%, 21%, and 36% experienced mild, moderate, and severe food insecurity, respectively. Moreover, the results from the logistic regression analysis showed that older adults who experienced mild (OR = 1.66, p < 0.05), moderate (OR = 2.06, p < 0.01), and severe (OR = 2.71, p < 0.01) food insecurity were more likely to self-rate their oral health as poor, compared to those who did not experience any type of food insecurity. Based on these findings, we discuss several implications for policymakers and directions for future research. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

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13 pages, 1131 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Survival Rates and Clinical Outcomes of Implant Overdentures in Old and Medically Compromised Patients

by So-Hyun Kim, Nam-Sik Oh and Hyo-Jung Kim

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(18), 11571; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811571 - 14 Sep 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1758

Abstract

Studies on the survival rate of implant overdentures in medically compromised patients are limited because most studies exclude patients with systemic diseases affecting implant prognosis. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the survival rate and clinical outcomes of dental implants used for overdentures in medically compromised patients. A total of 20 patients (9 men, 11 women; mean age: 67.55 ± 6.84 years, range: 53–81 years) were included. Fourteen patients had more than two systemic diseases, and nine patients had more than three systemic diseases. The mean follow-up period was 39.05 months. Of the 60 implants, 2 failed, resulting in an implant survival rate of 96.6%. No statistical differences were found in implant survival rates according to sex, age, implant diameter, restored arch, or opposing dentition (p > 0.05). A significant difference in mean marginal bone loss (MBL) was noted for restoring the arch (p = 0.022) and opposing dentition (p = 0.036). Implants placed in the mandible and with opposing removable partial dentures and complete dentures showed lower mean MBL. No significant differences in implant MBL were observed in terms of age, sex, or implant diameter (p > 0.05). Favorable clinical outcomes can be expected from implant overdentures using two or four implants in edentulous patients with systemic diseases by ensuring that the patients have a sufficient healing period and regular checkups. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

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12 pages, 518 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Factors Associated with Tooth Loss in General Population of Bialystok, Poland

by Katarzyna Gabiec, Joanna Bagińska, Wojciech Łaguna, Ewa Rodakowska, Inga Kamińska, Zofia Stachurska, Marlena Dubatówka, Marcin Kondraciuk and Karol Adam Kamiński

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(4), 2369; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042369 - 18 Feb 2022

Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3784

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to assess risk factors for tooth loss in the population of the city of Bialystok, in north-eastern Poland, taking into account the entire population and different age groups. The study included 1138 subjects divided into three subgroups: 20–44 years, 45–64 years, and 65–79 years. Participants were classified according to the number of teeth lost (0–8 vs. 9–28). Socio-economic variables, smoking history, and dental habits were collected through a questionnaire. Medical examinations provided data on the body mass index and the fasting blood glucose level. Data were statistically analysed using Mann-Whitney U, Student’s t, chi² tests, and binary logistic regression, p < 0.05. Results: For the general population, being female (OR 1.38, 1.07–1.79, p = 0.015), having secondary education (OR 4.18, Cl 2.97–5.87, p < 0.000), higher body mass index (OR 1.13, Cl 1.10–1.17, p < 0.000), higher fasting blood glucose level (OR 1.03 1.03–1.04, p < 0.000), being former smoker (OR 1.72, Cl 1.29–2.31, p < 0.000), ever smoker (OR 1.69, Cl 1.29–2.20, p < 0.000), current smoker (OR 1.62, Cl 1.15–2.29, p < 0.006), longer smoking period (OR 1.11, Cl 1.09–1.14, p < 0.000), last visit to the dentist over a year ago (OR 1.92, Cl 0.44–2.58, p < 0.000) and tooth brushing less than two times a day (OR 1.6, Cl 1.14–2.23, p < 0.006) were associated with losing more than 8 teeth. In the subgroup aged 20–44 years, only smoking duration was a risk factor for tooth loss (p = 0.02). For the middle-aged and oldest groups, education level (respectively p < 0.001, and p = 0.001), body mass index (respectively, p < 0.001, and p = 0.037), smoking status ever/former/current (respectively p < 0.001 and p = 0.002), smoking status never/ever (respectively p < 0.001 and p = 0.009), smoking duration (p < 0.001) were related to tooth loss. Additionally, in the elderly group, fasting blood glucose level (p = 0.044) and frequency of dental visits (p = 0.007) were related to tooth loss. We concluded that in the evaluated population, tooth loss was associated with socio-demographic, medical, and behavioural factors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

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10 pages, 335 KiB

Open AccessArticle

by Ewa Rodakowska, Jacek Jamiolkowski, Joanna Baginska, Inga Kaminska, Katarzyna Gabiec, Zofia Stachurska, Marcin Kondraciuk, Marlena Dubatowka and Karol Adam Kaminski

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1626; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031626 - 31 Jan 2022

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3313

Abstract

The aim of the study was to determine oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) using the measures Geriatric/General Oral Health Assessment (GOHAI) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) in relation to missing teeth in the Polish population aged 20–79. This was a cross-sectional study carried out among 1112 randomly selected participants. The mean age was 48.72 and mean number of teeth was 20.12. Altogether, in the GOHAI, the percentage that gave a positive response to each question ranged from 3.3% to 48.0%; in the OHIP-14, these answers ranged from 2.4% to 25.1%. The GOHAI measure was statistically significant, with more grouping variables than the OHIP-14 measure. Both measures showed significant associations with gender, age, dry mouth, education, professional status, number of teeth, and upper and lower total dentures. We detected a significant relationship between oral health–related quality of life and the factors influencing the presence or absence of dentition. Missing teeth were statistically associated with GOHAI, OHIP-14, advanced age, self-reported dry mouth, lower education, higher Body Mass Index (BMI), lower professional status, diabetes, myocardial infraction, and total dentures in upper or/and lower jaws. However, edentulous individuals had two times higher risk of having an OHIP-14 score above the median. This suggests that oral health practitioners should work to prevent oral diseases that lead to tooth loss in their patients, starting from an early age. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

12 pages, 350 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Changes of Dentition State in Leukemic Patients during Chemotherapy

by Maja Ptasiewicz, Paweł Maksymiuk and Renata Chałas

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(15), 8193; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158193 - 2 Aug 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2276

Abstract

A number of systemic diseases including hematological disorders have manifestations in the oral cavity region. These manifestations may often represent early signs of the underlying hematopoietic disease and occur frequently in leukemia. Despite the fact that leukemia has long been known to be associated with oral health deterioration, the available literature on this topic consists mostly of case reports, without data to conclude these. The aim of the study was to assess dentition state in leukemic patients during one cycle of chemotherapy and its correlation with blood parameters. The study included 102 adults treated because of leukemia at the Clinic of Haemato-Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation at the university hospital in Lublin, Poland. The sample group consisted of 51 women and 51 men aged 22 to 72 (54.07 ± 10.33) with following diagnoses: Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)—55 patients (53.92%), Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)—17 patients (16.67%), Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)—16 patients (15.69%), Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)—10 patients (9.80%), Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) —3 patients (2.94%), Chronic hairy cell leukemia (HCL)—1 patient (0.98%). DMFT index was used to assess dentition state. After the cycle of chemotherapy, their dentition state changed in terms of decayed, missing and filled teeth and correlated with hematological parameters. Adult patients with leukemia have high dental treatment needs, and high number of missing teeth; thus, a comprehensive and fast dental treatment is necessary to avoid systemic complications and ensure better quality of life. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

Review

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12 pages, 442 KiB

Open AccessReview

Premature Loss of Deciduous Teeth as a Symptom of Systemic Disease: A Narrative Literature Review

by Karolina Spodzieja and Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(6), 3386; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063386 - 13 Mar 2022

Cited by 23 | Viewed by 7574

Abstract

Background: Premature loss of primary teeth can occur as a consequence of dental trauma, neonatal tooth extraction, early childhood caries, or periodontal problems, or it can be a manifestation of systemic disease. This review aims to present systemic disorders that can lead to premature loss of deciduous teeth in children and to provide a comprehensive resource for clinical practice for both physicians and dentists. Methods: This study is a narrative review of original studies and case reports published in English and Polish between 1957 and 2021 that was conducted by searching electronic scientific resources: PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Science Direct. The schema of the qualification process is represented by a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). In total, 196 articles were identified; after provisional assessment of the titles and abstracts by two reviewers, 46 were found to be relevant to the topic, including 1 review, 16 original papers, and 27 case reports regarding systemic disease resulting in premature tooth loss. Results: In this study, 16 systemic diseases were linked to premature primary tooth loss in children: Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome, mucocutaneous dyskeratosis, Coffin–Lowry syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, cherubism, hypophosphatasia, acatalasia, Chediak–Higashi syndrome, cyclic neutropenia, erythromelalgia, Down syndrome, Hajdu–Cheney syndrome, short bowel syndrome, leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 (LAD-1), and Wiedemann–Steiner syndrome (WSS). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

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Other

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9 pages, 6477 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Regional Odontodysplasia: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

by Kacper Nijakowski, Patryk Woś and Anna Surdacka

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(3), 1683; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031683 - 1 Feb 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 8035

Abstract

Regional odontodysplasia is a rare developmental disorder characterised by hypoplasia and hypomineralisation of enamel and dentin. Our systematic review aimed to organise the knowledge on localisation, symptomatology and treatment methods in patients with regional odontodysplasia based on case reports published in the databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Case reports were described in 28 different countries, considering 180 patients (including 91 females). Regional odontodysplasia occurs mainly in both deciduous and permanent dentition (66.1%). The affected teeth were observed more frequently in the maxilla (70.0%), especially on the left side (45.6%). The most common reported symptoms were ghost teeth, poorly developed buds, yellowish-brown colour of crowns and delayed eruption of permanent teeth in affected quadrants. The most popular treatment method was surgical treatment (78.6%) with subsequent prosthetic therapy (34.6%). Based on the review of cases, pathognomonic clinical and radiological signs can be found, however, it is difficult to reach a consensus on the choice of treatment method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

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6 pages, 1492 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

A Digital Fabrication of Dental Prosthesis for Preventing Self-Injurious Behavior Related to Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report

by Seoung-Jin Hong, Yong Kwon Chae, Chunui Lee, Sung Chul Choi and Ok Hyung Nam

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(17), 9249; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179249 - 2 Sep 2021

Viewed by 2459

Abstract

This case report aimed to demonstrate the prosthetic solution of an autism patient with self-injurious behavior using digital dentistry. A 24-year-old male visited our clinic with chief complaints of severe gingival recession associated with self-injurious behavior. Bilateral fixed prosthesis with denture flange were delivered using a digital workflow for the protection of the gingiva. The patient showed healed gingival tissue, behavioral modification, and acceptable oral hygiene during the follow-up period. Also, his caregivers reported no recurrence of the self-injurious behavior. Autism patients usually show self-injurious behavior, which can damage their oral tissue. With adoption of this prosthesis, behavior modification as well as healing of oral tissue was achieved. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Tooth Loss and General Oral Related Health)

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